本文關鍵詞：三峽生態(tài)屏障區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的排放效率及其影響因素，，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

三峽生態(tài)屏障區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的排放效率及其影響因素

Study on Emission Efficiency, Shadow Price and Motivation Factors of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in Ecological Barrier Zone of Three Gorges Reservoir Area

[1] [2] [3] [4]

XIAO Xin-cheng,HE Bing-hui,NI Jiu-pai,XIE De-ti（ 1.College of Environment Resources, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;School of Economics and Management, Yichun Univers

[1]西南大學資源環(huán)境學院,重慶400715; [2]宜春學院經(jīng)濟管理學院,江西宜春336000

文章摘要：農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染排放效率反映農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與環(huán)境的協(xié)調(diào)程度,農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染物的影子價格體現(xiàn)了污染物的邊際減排成本.提高農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的環(huán)境效率,降低農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的影子價格對保護農(nóng)村生態(tài)環(huán)境和增強流域水資源的安全性起到較好的促進作用.利用三峽生態(tài)屏障區(qū)重慶段2000-2012年間的面板數(shù)據(jù),采用參數(shù)化方向性距離函數(shù),對農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的排放效率和影子價格進行了測算,結(jié)合面板數(shù)據(jù)隨機效應Tobit模型分析了影響農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的排放效率和影子價格.結(jié)果表明：2000-2012年期間,農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染平均排放效率為0.6499,TN、TP、COD和NH3-N4種污染物的平均影子價格分別為0.3729,0.0326,0.1371,0.053 3萬元/t：不同區(qū)域農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染排放效率和影子價格存在一定的差異,庫中平行嶺谷區(qū)、庫區(qū)腹地沿江山地丘陵區(qū)和庫區(qū)腹地外圍山地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染排放效率低,污染物的影子價格高;影響農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的排放效率和影子價格因素主要包括農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)中經(jīng)濟作物與糧食作物的比例、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)設施條件、農(nóng)村居民受教育程度.因此,確保糧食作物安全的前提下,進一步優(yōu)化農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),減少農(nóng)藥、化肥投入大的農(nóng)作物種植規(guī)模,走“兩型農(nóng)業(yè)”之路;進一步加大對農(nóng)田水利設施、節(jié)水灌溉設施和農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)建設工程的投資,減少和控制農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中的污染物排放對生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞;農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染源頭減排離不開農(nóng)戶的積極參與,提高農(nóng)戶對農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境退化的認知也是解決農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的重要途徑.

Abstr：Agricultural non-point source pollution emission efficiency reflects the coordination of agricultural economic development and the environment.The shadow price of agricultural non-point source pollution reflects the pollutant marginal abatement cost.The improvement of the environmental efficiency of agricultural production and the reduction of the shadow price of agricultural nonpoint source pollution will protect the rural environment and enhance the security of water resources.By using the 2000-2012 panel data of Chongqing section of Three Gorges reservoir region and the parameters of the directional distance function,the agricultural non-point source pollution emission efficiency and shadow price have been calculated.Based on the random effects panel data Tobit model,the paper analyzes the factors which influence the agricultural nonpoint source pollution emission efficiency and shadow prices.The results show that：during 2000-2012,agricultural non-point source pollution emission efficiency is 0.649 9,the average shadow prices of four kinds of pollutants TN,TP,COD and NH3-N are respectively O.372 9,0.032 6,0.137 1,0.053 3 ten thousands yuan/ton; There are some differences in the agricultural non-point source pollution emission efficiency and shadow price in different areas.The agricultural non-point source pollution emission efficiency in the paralleled ridge valley region of the Three Gorges Reservoir,the hinterland area,the hinterland along the peripheral mountain area is low while the shadow price of the pollutant is high.The factors which influence the agricultural non-point source pollution emission efficiency and shadow price include the proportion of main economic crops and the grain crops,the agricultural production facilities a

文章關鍵詞：

Keyword：:ecological barrier zone of Three Gorges Reservoir Area agricultural nonpoint source pollution emission efficiency shadow price directional distance function

課題項目：環(huán)保部“水體污染控制與治理科技重大專項”資助（編號：2012ZX07104-003）.

  本文關鍵詞：三峽生態(tài)屏障區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的排放效率及其影響因素，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。