廣西蒼梧縣珠江流域治理再造林項目碳匯供給研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-04-24 06:40
【摘要】：本文通過調(diào)查蒼梧縣實施廣西珠江流域治理再造林項目的林分中的主要造林樹種桉樹、馬尾松、木荷為對象,以資料收集的方法整理分析2006年至2016年十年間三樹種經(jīng)營的現(xiàn)狀,分別計算分析其的成本收益狀況,并對29個項目樣地點監(jiān)測得出的林木生長指標(胸徑、樹高),計算三個樹種林分的碳儲量,再運用造林成本法得出比較合理的碳匯價格,從而估算比較三個樹種林分的碳匯經(jīng)濟價值。最后以便選擇最佳的森林經(jīng)營決策,加入Faustman模型,測算三個樹種的碳匯供給情況,分析從碳價格、勞動力價格、木材價格等方面對森林碳匯供給影響的敏感性,提出促進碳匯供給的相關(guān)對策建議。得出以下結(jié)論如下:(1)不同樹種營造林投入產(chǎn)出存在顯著差異。對比馬尾松、桉樹、木荷三個樹種,在造林、撫育、主伐階段的投入均為凈投入,包括種苗、用工成本、農(nóng)資用量、運(稅)費、其他投入等,投入數(shù)額上以桉樹的為最高。因此,從資料收集數(shù)據(jù)分析看,單一輪伐期內(nèi),三種林木投入結(jié)構(gòu)相似,從投入、收益和凈收益上看,符合桉樹馬尾松木荷的規(guī)律。產(chǎn)生差異的主要原因是由樹種自身特性和木材價格差異造成的,而樹種自身特性起了決定性作用。(2)不同樹種平均碳儲量存在顯著差異。2016年,馬尾松林分的每公頃平均碳儲量為25.61 t,桉樹林分為144.54 t,木荷林分為47.45 t,從2006年到2016年十年時間,平均碳儲量每年平均增長2.56 t,桉樹平均碳儲量每年增加14.45 t,木荷平均碳儲量每年增加4.75,增長態(tài)勢呈桉樹木荷馬尾松趨勢。(3)不同樹種林分碳匯經(jīng)濟價值存在顯著差異,2016年,以桉樹單位面積碳匯經(jīng)濟價值最高,其次為木荷,馬尾松最低。就研究項目而言,由于林地面積差異,桉樹對項目碳匯經(jīng)濟總價值的貢獻最大,其次是馬尾松,木荷貢獻相對較少。(4)林地期望值存在差異性。馬尾松、桉樹和木荷三個樹種的期望值之差呈現(xiàn)先遞增后遞減的趨勢。桉樹的最佳輪伐期為10年,馬尾松的最佳輪伐期為33年,木荷的最佳輪伐期為36年。隨著碳匯價格變化,三個樹種的最佳輪伐期會相對延長。(5)碳匯供給敏感性存在差異。隨著貼現(xiàn)率水平逐步增高,馬尾松、桉樹和木荷的碳匯供給量均逐步降低,馬尾松對貼現(xiàn)率的敏感性要大于桉樹和木荷;隨著勞動力價格逐步增高,馬尾松、桉樹和木荷的碳匯供給量均逐步降低,桉樹和馬尾松對勞動力價格的敏感性要大于木荷;隨著木材價格提高,碳匯供給量呈略微下降的趨勢,桉樹和木荷對木材價格的敏感性要大于馬尾松。(6)促進森林碳匯發(fā)展意見和政策建議主要包括:科學合理的發(fā)展桉樹;適當調(diào)減馬尾松純林規(guī)模;大力發(fā)展地區(qū)優(yōu)勢鄉(xiāng)土珍貴樹種。不斷挖掘森林碳匯供給潛力;做好森林碳匯交易中介服務(wù)機構(gòu)的培養(yǎng),完善碳匯交易機制;加強財政扶持力度,注重示范推廣;加大宣傳力度,加強營林技術(shù)培訓,提高各界對森林碳匯的認知程度。
[Abstract]:Based on the investigation of the main afforestation tree species eucalyptus, Pinus massoniana and Schima superba in the reforestation project of Pearl River Basin management in Cangwu County, the present situation of the management of three tree species in the ten years from 2006 to 2016 was analyzed by means of data collection. The cost-benefit situation was calculated and analyzed separately, and the growth index (DBH, tree height) of 29 sample sites were monitored, the carbon reserves of three tree species stand were calculated, and then the reasonable carbon sink price was obtained by using afforestation cost method, and the forest growth index (DBH, tree height) was measured in 29 sample sites, and then the carbon sequestration price was obtained. Thus, the economic value of carbon sequestration of three tree species stands was estimated and compared. Finally, in order to select the best forest management decision, join the Faustman model, calculate the carbon sink supply of three tree species, analyze the sensitivity of carbon price, labor price, wood price to forest carbon sink supply in terms of carbon price, labor price, wood price and so on. Put forward the relevant countermeasures and suggestions to promote carbon sequestration supply. The conclusions are as follows: (1) there are significant differences in input and output of different tree species. Compared with Pinus massoniana, Eucalyptus and Schima superba, the input in afforestation, rearing and main cutting stage was net, including seedling, labor cost, agricultural cost, transportation (tax) cost, other inputs, and so on. The amount of input was the highest in eucalyptus. Therefore, from the data collection data analysis, three kinds of tree input structure is similar in a single logging period, in terms of input, income and net income, it accords with the law of Eucalyptus Masson pine Schima superba. The main reason for the difference is due to the differences in tree species' own characteristics and wood prices, and the tree species' own characteristics play a decisive role. (2) there is a significant difference in the average carbon reserves of different tree species. In 2016, the average carbon reserves of different tree species are significantly different. The average carbon reserves per hectare of Pinus massoniana stand is 25.61 t, that of eucalyptus forest is 144.54 t, and that of Schima mulch forest is 47.45 t. From 2006 to 2016, the average carbon reserve increased by 2.56 t per year on average. The average carbon reserves of eucalyptus and Schima superba were increased by 14.45 t and 4.75 per year respectively, showing an increasing trend of Pinus massoniana. (3) there were significant differences in the economic value of carbon sequestration among different tree species, in 2016, there were significant differences in the economic value of carbon sequestration among different tree species. The economic value of carbon sequestration per unit area of eucalyptus was the highest, followed by Schima superba and Pinus massoniana. As far as the research project is concerned, the contribution of eucalyptus to the total economic value of carbon sequestration is the largest because of the difference of woodland area, followed by Pinus massoniana, and the contribution of Schima superba is relatively small. (4) there are differences in the expected value of forest land. The difference between expected values of Pinus massoniana, Eucalyptus and Schima superba showed the trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The optimum rotation period of eucalyptus is 10 years, that of Masson pine is 33 years, and that of Schima superba is 36 years. With the change of carbon sequestration price, the optimal rotation period of the three species will be relatively prolonged. (5) the sensitivity of carbon sink supply is different. With the increase of discount rate, the carbon sink supply of Pinus massoniana, Eucalyptus and Schima superba decreased gradually, and the sensitivity of Pinus massoniana to the discount rate was higher than that of Eucalyptus and Schima superba. With the increase of labor price, the carbon sink supply of Pinus massoniana, eucalyptus and Schima superba decreased gradually, and the sensitivity of eucalyptus and Pinus massoniana to labor price was greater than that of Schima superba. With the increase of wood price, the carbon sink supply decreased slightly, and the sensitivity of eucalyptus and Schima superba to wood price was higher than that of Masson pine. (6) suggestions and policy suggestions on promoting forest carbon sink development mainly included: scientific and reasonable development of eucalyptus; Appropriately reduce the scale of pure Pinus massoniana forest; vigorously develop the predominance of local precious tree species. Continue to tap the supply potential of forest carbon sequestration; do a good job in the cultivation of forest carbon sink trading intermediary services, improve the trading mechanism of carbon sequestration, strengthen financial support, pay attention to demonstration promotion; Strengthen the publicity, strengthen the training of forest technology, improve the understanding of forest carbon sinks from all walks of life.
【學位授予單位】：廣西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F326.27;S718.5
本文編號：2464192
[Abstract]:Based on the investigation of the main afforestation tree species eucalyptus, Pinus massoniana and Schima superba in the reforestation project of Pearl River Basin management in Cangwu County, the present situation of the management of three tree species in the ten years from 2006 to 2016 was analyzed by means of data collection. The cost-benefit situation was calculated and analyzed separately, and the growth index (DBH, tree height) of 29 sample sites were monitored, the carbon reserves of three tree species stand were calculated, and then the reasonable carbon sink price was obtained by using afforestation cost method, and the forest growth index (DBH, tree height) was measured in 29 sample sites, and then the carbon sequestration price was obtained. Thus, the economic value of carbon sequestration of three tree species stands was estimated and compared. Finally, in order to select the best forest management decision, join the Faustman model, calculate the carbon sink supply of three tree species, analyze the sensitivity of carbon price, labor price, wood price to forest carbon sink supply in terms of carbon price, labor price, wood price and so on. Put forward the relevant countermeasures and suggestions to promote carbon sequestration supply. The conclusions are as follows: (1) there are significant differences in input and output of different tree species. Compared with Pinus massoniana, Eucalyptus and Schima superba, the input in afforestation, rearing and main cutting stage was net, including seedling, labor cost, agricultural cost, transportation (tax) cost, other inputs, and so on. The amount of input was the highest in eucalyptus. Therefore, from the data collection data analysis, three kinds of tree input structure is similar in a single logging period, in terms of input, income and net income, it accords with the law of Eucalyptus Masson pine Schima superba. The main reason for the difference is due to the differences in tree species' own characteristics and wood prices, and the tree species' own characteristics play a decisive role. (2) there is a significant difference in the average carbon reserves of different tree species. In 2016, the average carbon reserves of different tree species are significantly different. The average carbon reserves per hectare of Pinus massoniana stand is 25.61 t, that of eucalyptus forest is 144.54 t, and that of Schima mulch forest is 47.45 t. From 2006 to 2016, the average carbon reserve increased by 2.56 t per year on average. The average carbon reserves of eucalyptus and Schima superba were increased by 14.45 t and 4.75 per year respectively, showing an increasing trend of Pinus massoniana. (3) there were significant differences in the economic value of carbon sequestration among different tree species, in 2016, there were significant differences in the economic value of carbon sequestration among different tree species. The economic value of carbon sequestration per unit area of eucalyptus was the highest, followed by Schima superba and Pinus massoniana. As far as the research project is concerned, the contribution of eucalyptus to the total economic value of carbon sequestration is the largest because of the difference of woodland area, followed by Pinus massoniana, and the contribution of Schima superba is relatively small. (4) there are differences in the expected value of forest land. The difference between expected values of Pinus massoniana, Eucalyptus and Schima superba showed the trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The optimum rotation period of eucalyptus is 10 years, that of Masson pine is 33 years, and that of Schima superba is 36 years. With the change of carbon sequestration price, the optimal rotation period of the three species will be relatively prolonged. (5) the sensitivity of carbon sink supply is different. With the increase of discount rate, the carbon sink supply of Pinus massoniana, Eucalyptus and Schima superba decreased gradually, and the sensitivity of Pinus massoniana to the discount rate was higher than that of Eucalyptus and Schima superba. With the increase of labor price, the carbon sink supply of Pinus massoniana, eucalyptus and Schima superba decreased gradually, and the sensitivity of eucalyptus and Pinus massoniana to labor price was greater than that of Schima superba. With the increase of wood price, the carbon sink supply decreased slightly, and the sensitivity of eucalyptus and Schima superba to wood price was higher than that of Masson pine. (6) suggestions and policy suggestions on promoting forest carbon sink development mainly included: scientific and reasonable development of eucalyptus; Appropriately reduce the scale of pure Pinus massoniana forest; vigorously develop the predominance of local precious tree species. Continue to tap the supply potential of forest carbon sequestration; do a good job in the cultivation of forest carbon sink trading intermediary services, improve the trading mechanism of carbon sequestration, strengthen financial support, pay attention to demonstration promotion; Strengthen the publicity, strengthen the training of forest technology, improve the understanding of forest carbon sinks from all walks of life.
【學位授予單位】：廣西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F326.27;S718.5
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，本文編號：2464192
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