【摘要】：農(nóng)民作為農(nóng)地的使用者,土地經(jīng)營權(quán)是法律賦予農(nóng)民的一項(xiàng)合法財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán),土地經(jīng)營權(quán)的流轉(zhuǎn)有利于農(nóng)村土地資源的合理配置,實(shí)現(xiàn)適度的規(guī)模化經(jīng)營,還有利于吸納農(nóng)村外部資金,促使農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力向第二、三產(chǎn)業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)移。但目前我國土地經(jīng)營權(quán)主體地位含糊不清、市場機(jī)制不健全、地方政府或村集體自身定位不當(dāng)?shù)雀鞣N制度性與非制度性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素的出現(xiàn),使土地經(jīng)營權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)過程中農(nóng)民的利益分配失衡,多種權(quán)利無法被合理保障,導(dǎo)致農(nóng)民的權(quán)益在土地流轉(zhuǎn)中存在著多種流失的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),本應(yīng)成為當(dāng)代文明享用者的農(nóng)民漸漸淪為其犧牲者。正因?yàn)檫@些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素的存在,不僅嚴(yán)重挫傷了農(nóng)民流轉(zhuǎn)土地的積極性,影響了農(nóng)村土地的正常流轉(zhuǎn),還會(huì)直接阻礙農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展。因此,探尋農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)中農(nóng)民權(quán)益流失風(fēng)險(xiǎn),并對癥下藥地制定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范措施,對保護(hù)農(nóng)民合法權(quán)益、加速農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、推動(dòng)我國社會(huì)和諧發(fā)展都具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文在文獻(xiàn)回顧的基礎(chǔ)上,對農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)、農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)中農(nóng)民權(quán)益流失風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等相關(guān)概念進(jìn)行了界定;同時(shí)對產(chǎn)權(quán)理論、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)理論、博弈理論等進(jìn)行了詮釋。然后,分別從自主權(quán)益流失、收益權(quán)流失、保障權(quán)益流失和司法訴訟權(quán)益流失等多個(gè)方面來闡釋農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)中農(nóng)民權(quán)益存在的流失風(fēng)險(xiǎn),并通過對農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)中法律制度、市場機(jī)制等非參與主體和政府、村集體、農(nóng)業(yè)大戶、農(nóng)民等參與主體的分析,追溯造成農(nóng)民權(quán)益流失風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的原因。同時(shí)構(gòu)建博弈模型,較為清晰地呈現(xiàn)農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)中政府、村集體、農(nóng)業(yè)大戶和農(nóng)民等多方主體之間利益博弈和農(nóng)民權(quán)益流失的過程。由于影響農(nóng)民權(quán)益流失風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的致險(xiǎn)因素眾多,為更好地制定出行之有效的防范措施,建立層次分析模型并對致險(xiǎn)因素的影響度進(jìn)行分析并綜合排序。最后根據(jù)以上分析,分別從完善相關(guān)法律制度、重塑政府職能、健全土地流轉(zhuǎn)市場、提高農(nóng)民法律意識(shí)等方面提出了防止農(nóng)民權(quán)益流失的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范措施。
[Abstract]:As the users of agricultural land, the land management right is a legal property right given by law to farmers. The circulation of land management right is conducive to the rational allocation of rural land resources and the realization of moderate scale operation. It is also conducive to absorbing rural external funds and promoting the transfer of rural surplus labor to the second and third industries. However, at present, there are various institutional and non-institutional risk factors, such as ambiguous status of land management right, imperfect market mechanism, improper positioning of local governments or village collectives, etc. In the process of circulation of land management right, the interests of farmers are out of balance, and many kinds of rights can not be guaranteed reasonably, which leads to the risk of various losses of farmers' rights and interests in the circulation of land. The peasants, who should have been the enjoyment of contemporary civilization, were gradually becoming victims. The existence of these risk factors not only seriously dampened the enthusiasm of farmers to transfer land, affected the normal circulation of rural land, but also directly hindered the rapid development of rural economy. Therefore, to explore the risk of the loss of farmers' rights and interests in the agricultural land circulation, and to formulate preventive measures to protect the legitimate rights and interests of farmers, accelerate the circulation of rural land and economic growth, It is of great practical significance to promote the harmonious development of our society. On the basis of literature review, this paper defines the concepts of agricultural land transfer and the risk of farmers' rights and interests loss, and interprets the property right theory, risk theory, game theory and so on. Then, it explains the loss risk of farmers' rights and interests in farmland transfer from the aspects of independent rights loss, income right loss, protection of rights and interests loss and judicial litigation rights loss and so on, and through the legal system of agricultural land transfer, The analysis of non-participants such as market mechanism and government, village collectives, agricultural large households, farmers and so on, traces the causes of the risk of loss of farmers' rights and interests. At the same time, the game model is constructed to show clearly the process of the benefit game and the loss of the farmers' rights and interests between the government, the village collective, the agricultural large households and the farmers in the agricultural land circulation. Because there are many risk factors affecting the risk of loss of farmers' rights and interests, in order to better formulate effective preventive measures, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model is established, and the influence degree of risk factors is analyzed and ranked synthetically. Finally, according to the above analysis, from the aspects of perfecting the relevant legal system, reshaping the government function, perfecting the land circulation market and raising the farmers' legal consciousness, the paper puts forward the risk prevention measures to prevent the loss of farmers' rights and interests.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F321.1

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