氣候變化的社會影響是當前全球變暖影響研究的一個重要領域。以古鑒今,歷史上應對氣候變化的經驗和教訓可以為現代人類應對以全球變暖為突出標志的氣候變化挑戰(zhàn)提供寶貴的借鑒�？偨Y中國歷史氣候變化對社會影響研究領域的成果,歸納得到了歷史時期氣候變化對中國社會發(fā)展影響的若干認識及其對適應未來氣候變化的啟示。主要結論是歷史氣候變化影響的總體特征是“冷抑暖揚”,但影響與響應存在區(qū)域差異；社會經濟的衰落與百年尺度的氣候由暖轉冷呈現同期性,與暖期相伴的社會快速發(fā)展會增加社會對資源、環(huán)境需求的壓力,導致社會脆弱性加大；歷史上應對氣候變化策略因時、因地、因主體而異；而以政府為主導的主動因地制宜適應是應對氣候變化的有效策略。

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