【摘要】：我國農(nóng)村宅基地閑置、粗放利用的情況隨著新型城鎮(zhèn)化的推進(jìn)和城市建設(shè)用地的日益緊缺逐漸凸顯出來。適時因地制宜的制定宅基地退出政策,構(gòu)建科學(xué)的農(nóng)村宅基地退出機(jī)制,是盤活閑置、低效宅基地,改變農(nóng)村土地資源緊缺與浪費(fèi)雙重矛盾的重要途徑,并成為農(nóng)村宅基制度改革的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。農(nóng)戶作為數(shù)量龐大的宅基地實(shí)際占有和使用者,他們對宅基地退出政策的滿意度是衡量宅基地退出制度改革成效的核心標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。因此,以經(jīng)歷宅基地改革的農(nóng)戶作為研究對象,定量分析影響農(nóng)戶的宅基地退出滿意度的因素及其作用機(jī)理,對優(yōu)化和完善宅基地退出路徑和政策具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文以全國農(nóng)村宅基地使用制度改革試點(diǎn)——江西省Y縣為研究區(qū)域,首先總結(jié)梳理了該縣宅基地制度改革與退出政策的主要特點(diǎn)和實(shí)施情況;再借鑒顧客滿意度指數(shù)(CSI)的研究框架以及結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型在征地補(bǔ)償和公共服務(wù)等領(lǐng)域的相關(guān)研究,綜合政策質(zhì)量評價和宅基地退出意愿方面的研究成果,從中選取16個觀測變量構(gòu)成8個潛變量,并提出研究假設(shè);再次,基于相關(guān)理論基礎(chǔ)和Y縣的政策特點(diǎn)設(shè)計問卷,實(shí)地調(diào)研獲得263份有效數(shù)據(jù)了解Y縣農(nóng)戶的滿意度水平;最后,構(gòu)建Y縣農(nóng)村宅基地退出農(nóng)戶滿意度指數(shù)模型,利用AMOS軟件系統(tǒng)性的研究Y縣宅基地退出農(nóng)戶滿意度的影響因素及其作用路徑。研究結(jié)果顯示:(1)農(nóng)戶的政策預(yù)期和政策滿意度均超過一般水平,農(nóng)戶家庭資源經(jīng)濟(jì)水平對農(nóng)戶感知政策質(zhì)量的作用不顯著,而對農(nóng)戶的政策預(yù)期和政策滿意度較為顯著,但影響力不強(qiáng);(2)政策宣傳和農(nóng)戶參與度、政策多樣選擇的合理性、政策執(zhí)行成效對農(nóng)戶感知政策質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生了顯著的正向作用;(3)農(nóng)戶的政策預(yù)期對農(nóng)戶感知政策質(zhì)量和政策滿意度都產(chǎn)生了積極作用,二者的影響程度相當(dāng)?shù)疾粡?qiáng),相較之下農(nóng)戶的滿意度主要受到政策質(zhì)量的影響;(4)農(nóng)戶感知政策質(zhì)量和政策滿意度對農(nóng)戶的政策支持度具有積極作用,且政策質(zhì)量相比農(nóng)戶的滿意度對農(nóng)戶支持產(chǎn)生更大影響力。以上的研究結(jié)論為政策完善提供了一定啟示:(1)加強(qiáng)政策宣傳,健全宅基地退出補(bǔ)償和收益分配機(jī)制,保證農(nóng)戶合理預(yù)期;(2)尊重改革民意,科學(xué)制定差別化的權(quán)益保障政策;(3)改革的主體以村組織和農(nóng)戶為主,完善集體經(jīng)濟(jì)組織機(jī)構(gòu)和制度;(4)順應(yīng)市場趨勢,探索宅基地跨集體流轉(zhuǎn)和抵押方式。
[Abstract]:With the advance of new urbanization and the increasing shortage of urban construction land, the situation of extensive utilization of rural residential land in our country is gradually prominent. It is an important way to activate the idle and inefficient homestead and to change the contradiction between shortage and waste of rural land resources to formulate the policy of homestead withdrawal according to local conditions and to construct a scientific mechanism of rural homestead withdrawal. And become the key content of rural house-based system reform. As a large number of real homestead occupancy and users, their satisfaction with the homestead withdrawal policy is the core standard to measure the effectiveness of the Homestead withdrawal system reform. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to optimize and perfect the homestead exit path and policy by taking the farmers who have experienced the homestead reform as the research object and quantitatively analyzing the factors affecting the homestead withdrawal satisfaction and its mechanism. In this paper, the pilot reform of rural homestead use system-Jiangxi Province Y County as the research area, first summarized and combed the main characteristics and implementation of the Homestead system reform and withdrawal policy of this county; Then we draw lessons from the research framework of customer satisfaction index (CSI) and the structural equation model in land requisition compensation and public service, synthesizing the research results of policy quality evaluation and homestead withdrawal intention. Among them, 16 observation variables are selected to form 8 latent variables, and the research hypotheses are put forward. Thirdly, based on the relevant theoretical basis and policy characteristics of Y county design questionnaire, 263 effective data were obtained to understand the satisfaction level of farmers in Y county. Finally, this paper constructs the index model of rural homestead withdrawal farmers satisfaction in Y county, and systematically studies the influencing factors and the action path of the rural homestead withdrawal farmers satisfaction in Y county by using AMOS software. The results show that: (1) the policy expectation and policy satisfaction of farmers are higher than the general level. The economic level of household resources has no significant effect on the farmers' perceived policy quality, but the farmers' policy expectations and policy satisfaction are more significant. But the influence is not strong; (2) the policy propaganda and farmers' participation, the rationality of various policy choices, and the effect of policy implementation have a significant positive effect on farmers' perceived policy quality; (3) the farmers' policy expectation has a positive effect on the farmers' perceived policy quality and policy satisfaction, and the influence degree of both is equal but not strong, compared with the farmers' satisfaction is mainly affected by the policy quality; (4) Farmers' perceived policy quality and policy satisfaction have a positive effect on farmers' policy support, and the policy quality has more influence on farmers' support than farmers' satisfaction. The above conclusions provide some enlightenment for policy improvement: (1) strengthen policy propaganda, perfect the mechanism of homestead withdrawal compensation and income distribution, and ensure the reasonable expectation of farmers; (2) respect the public opinion, scientifically formulate the differential rights and interests protection policy, (3) the main body of the reform is village organizations and farmers, improve the collective economic organization institutions and systems; (4) to conform to the market trend and explore the ways of collective circulation and mortgage of homestead.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F321.1

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