【摘要】：本文在物質(zhì)剝奪視角下構(gòu)建農(nóng)村家庭致貧機(jī)制框架,使用河南和陜西兩省農(nóng)村大樣本微觀調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)農(nóng)戶物質(zhì)剝奪狀況及其影響因素進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的實(shí)證分析。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),總樣本中有35.92%的農(nóng)戶至少在一個(gè)維度上發(fā)生物質(zhì)剝奪,在發(fā)生物質(zhì)剝奪的樣本中,其平均剝奪維度數(shù)為1.53。在所有六個(gè)維度中樣本農(nóng)戶在住房和醫(yī)療兩個(gè)維度的剝奪比例最高。農(nóng)戶物質(zhì)剝奪發(fā)生率遠(yuǎn)高于收入貧困發(fā)生率。盡管較高的家庭收入有助于降低農(nóng)戶物質(zhì)剝奪發(fā)生概率和剝奪程度,但當(dāng)充分控制其他經(jīng)濟(jì)資源和基本需要因素之后,家庭收入對(duì)物質(zhì)剝奪的解釋力度顯著下降�；貧w分析發(fā)現(xiàn)除家庭收入之外,家庭資產(chǎn)存量、醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)、信貸支持和政府救濟(jì)在緩解農(nóng)戶物質(zhì)剝奪方面均能發(fā)揮出積極作用,而成員較差的健康水平及發(fā)生災(zāi)難性自付醫(yī)療支出則會(huì)顯著提高農(nóng)戶陷入物質(zhì)剝奪的可能性及剝奪程度。傳統(tǒng)的收入貧困測(cè)量框架在識(shí)別絕對(duì)貧困農(nóng)戶方面存在較大的偏誤,單純的收入救助也不足以幫助絕對(duì)貧困農(nóng)戶真正脫貧。除了收入扶持之外,在農(nóng)村減貧政策實(shí)踐中還應(yīng)當(dāng)重視提高農(nóng)戶的物質(zhì)資本和人力資本水平,促進(jìn)信貸和公共服務(wù)的可獲得性,通過(guò)醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)和醫(yī)療救助降低健康沖擊對(duì)農(nóng)戶福利的負(fù)面影響。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of material deprivation, this paper constructs the mechanism framework of poverty caused by rural households, and makes a systematic and empirical analysis of the situation of material deprivation of farmers and its influencing factors by using the microscopic survey data of large sample of rural areas in Henan and Shaanxi provinces. The results showed that 35.92% of the farmers in the total sample had material deprivation in at least one dimension, and the average deprivation dimension was 1.53 in the sample with material deprivation. Among all the six dimensions, sample farmers had the highest proportion of deprivation in the two dimensions of housing and medical care. The incidence of material deprivation of farmers is much higher than the incidence of income poverty. Although higher household income helps to reduce the probability and degree of material deprivation of farmers, the explanation of material deprivation by household income decreases significantly when other economic resources and basic needs are fully controlled. Regression analysis found that in addition to household income, the stock of household assets, medical insurance, credit support and government relief can all play a positive role in alleviating the material deprivation of farmers. The poor health level of the members and the catastrophic out-of-pocket medical expenditure will significantly increase the possibility and the degree of deprivation of farmers. The traditional income poverty measurement framework has a big error in identifying the absolute poor farmers, and the simple income assistance is not enough to help the absolute poor farmers to get out of poverty. In addition to income support, in the practice of rural poverty reduction policies, emphasis should also be placed on improving the physical and human capital levels of farmers and promoting the availability of credit and public services. To reduce the negative impact of health shock on farmers' welfare through medical insurance and medical assistance.
【作者單位】： 北京師范大學(xué)社會(huì)發(fā)展與公共政策學(xué)院;哥倫比亞大學(xué)社會(huì)工作學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目:中國(guó)農(nóng)村低保救助的瞄準(zhǔn)、減貧效應(yīng)和行為激勵(lì)研究(71703008) 國(guó)家民政部和亞洲開(kāi)發(fā)銀行資助項(xiàng)目:增強(qiáng)中國(guó)農(nóng)村社會(huì)救助制度反貧困功能研究 中央高�；究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目:中國(guó)農(nóng)村老年人口的貧困特征及影響因素研究(2012WYB14)
【分類號(hào)】：F323.8

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