【摘要】：黨的十八屆三中全會(huì)指出在推動(dòng)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代進(jìn)程中,要提高廣大農(nóng)民群眾參與建設(shè)的積極性和公平性,讓改革開放和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的成果惠及農(nóng)民群眾。然而,適應(yīng)農(nóng)村城鎮(zhèn)化、現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展的實(shí)用人才數(shù)量、質(zhì)量并不能滿足當(dāng)前的實(shí)際需求,由于農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)文化教育、農(nóng)民培訓(xùn)體系的不完善、農(nóng)村大量勞動(dòng)力向城市轉(zhuǎn)移,導(dǎo)致農(nóng)村留守勞動(dòng)力的素質(zhì)普遍不高,削弱了農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展的人力基礎(chǔ),同時(shí),轉(zhuǎn)移的“過�！眲趧�(dòng)力和城鎮(zhèn)化人口由于科技文化、專業(yè)技能、法制意識(shí)和道德素質(zhì)等的相對(duì)不高,不能夠清晰迅速認(rèn)識(shí)到自身的市民身份,自覺將城市居民行為規(guī)范與道德準(zhǔn)則作為踐行的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),導(dǎo)致農(nóng)村轉(zhuǎn)移人口并不能很好地融入城市,市民化進(jìn)程緩慢,無(wú)法很好地完成其角色轉(zhuǎn)變�？梢�,農(nóng)民素質(zhì)偏低限制了我國(guó)更高水平城鎮(zhèn)化的推進(jìn)。要想進(jìn)一步提高城鎮(zhèn)化水平和質(zhì)量必須更加重視農(nóng)民主體本身的城鎮(zhèn)化,培養(yǎng)適應(yīng)時(shí)代需求的高素質(zhì)的新型農(nóng)民,滿足農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)日益增長(zhǎng)的對(duì)農(nóng)村智力、人才的需求,只有這樣才能保證農(nóng)民平等地參與農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代化建設(shè),分享到農(nóng)村改革發(fā)展的果實(shí)。本文立足于西方人力資本理論、馬克思的關(guān)于人的全面發(fā)展理論和中國(guó)化馬克思主義關(guān)于農(nóng)民教育的理論,著重分析了由于中國(guó)歷史文化、政府投入不足、城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)、市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)以及農(nóng)民主體自身因素導(dǎo)致的我國(guó)農(nóng)民素質(zhì)偏低的現(xiàn)狀,包括:科技文化水平偏低、法律意識(shí)淡薄、經(jīng)營(yíng)管理能力匱乏、道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模糊、參政意識(shí)不強(qiáng)、身體健康素質(zhì)不夠高。以及當(dāng)前我國(guó)農(nóng)民素質(zhì)現(xiàn)狀與新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)之間的互動(dòng)關(guān)系:農(nóng)民素質(zhì)水平與新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)相互促進(jìn),同時(shí)當(dāng)前的農(nóng)民素質(zhì)水平的發(fā)展遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)滯后于新型城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程并制約著更高水平城鎮(zhèn)化的推進(jìn)。從國(guó)外農(nóng)民素質(zhì)培養(yǎng)實(shí)踐中找到最具代表性的發(fā)達(dá)及發(fā)展中國(guó)家進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)合我國(guó)農(nóng)民素質(zhì)現(xiàn)存的狀況和新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)的實(shí)踐,汲取國(guó)外有益的經(jīng)驗(yàn)啟示,探討了在我國(guó)新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)的背景下提高農(nóng)民素質(zhì)的對(duì)策,從多角度、多層次結(jié)合整體性提高農(nóng)民素質(zhì)出發(fā)提出了相關(guān)的措施、對(duì)策,為促進(jìn)農(nóng)民素質(zhì)與城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)協(xié)調(diào)提供理論依據(jù)和指導(dǎo)。最終目的就是希望越來(lái)越多的人關(guān)注農(nóng)民素質(zhì),幫助農(nóng)民提高他們自身的整體素質(zhì),獲得更高的幸福感,從而更加積極地參與未來(lái)的新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)。
[Abstract]:The Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China pointed out that in the process of promoting socialist modernization, the enthusiasm and fairness of the broad masses of peasants in participating in the construction should be enhanced so that the achievements of reform, opening up and modernization can benefit the peasants. However, the quantity of practical talents adapted to rural urbanization and the development of modernization can not meet the current reality. Demand, as a result of the rural basic culture education, the imperfection of the peasant training system, the transfer of a large number of rural labor force to the city, resulting in the quality of rural left-behind labor force is generally not high, weakening the human base of rural modernization development, at the same time, the transfer of "surplus" labor force and urbanized population due to scientific and technological culture, professional skills, legal intentions. The relatively low level of awareness and moral quality, unable to clearly and quickly recognize their own citizenship, consciously taking urban residents'behavioral norms and moral norms as the standards of practice, leads to rural migrants can not be well integrated into the city, the process of urbanization is slow, can not well complete its role change. In order to further improve the level and quality of urbanization, we must pay more attention to the urbanization of farmers themselves, cultivate high-quality new farmers to meet the needs of the times, and meet the increasing demand for rural intelligence and talents in the modernization of rural areas. Based on the western human capital theory, Marx's comprehensive development theory and Sinicized Marxism's theory on peasant education, this paper analyzes emphatically the dualistic structure of urban and rural areas, market economy and the lack of government input due to Chinese history and culture. And the present situation of the low quality of the peasants caused by the peasants themselves, including the low level of science and technology, weak legal consciousness, lack of management ability, vague moral standards, weak sense of participation in politics, insufficient health quality. The quality level of peasants and the construction of new-type urbanization promote each other. At the same time, the development of peasants'quality level lags far behind the process of new-type urbanization and restricts the promotion of higher-level urbanization. The existing situation and the practice of the new-type urbanization construction, drawing on the beneficial experience and Enlightenment from foreign countries, have probed into the countermeasure of improving the peasants'quality under the background of the new-type urbanization construction in our country, and have put forward the relevant measures from various angles, multi-level and integrated improvement of the peasants' quality. The countermeasure is to promote the peasants'quality and the urbanization construction The ultimate goal is that more and more people will pay attention to the quality of farmers, help farmers improve their overall quality, and get a higher sense of happiness, so as to participate more actively in the future of new urbanization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F299.21;F323.6

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