【摘要】：快速城市化進(jìn)程中的土地利用變化及其驅(qū)動(dòng)因子分析是學(xué)術(shù)界的重點(diǎn)研究對(duì)象,為了城市更好地發(fā)展,往往可以通過(guò)預(yù)測(cè)的方式來(lái)為城市發(fā)展前景進(jìn)行規(guī)劃,而土地利用變化正是進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)的核心內(nèi)容。而正在轉(zhuǎn)型期的資源型城市,正是研究土地利用變化及驅(qū)動(dòng)的代表性實(shí)例,正是由于其廣泛存在并且資源無(wú)法再生才具有較強(qiáng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。大慶市是隨礦而建的以石油化工為主的工業(yè)城市,城鎮(zhèn)和工礦用地分布零散,用地浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象普遍,集約用地水平較低。本文基于土地利用數(shù)量、土地利用程度、土地利用率變化以及土地墾殖率變化等角度,分析了1987-2007年轉(zhuǎn)型期間大慶市土地利用變化特征；應(yīng)用灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析法,分析了大慶市在經(jīng)濟(jì)飛速發(fā)展的情況下,土地利用變化的驅(qū)動(dòng)力會(huì)有怎樣的變化,并通過(guò)對(duì)可持續(xù)利用的仿真模擬來(lái)對(duì)未來(lái)的發(fā)展作出規(guī)劃。論文的主要結(jié)論：(1)從土地利用數(shù)量上看,大慶市1987-2007年間,草地、林地及建設(shè)用地面積都呈現(xiàn)出增加的趨勢(shì),耕地、未利用土地及水域用地面積則表現(xiàn)出不同程度的減少；從土地利用程度上看,大慶市土地利用程度綜合指數(shù)20年間減少6.76,說(shuō)明土地利用程度總體下降；從土地利用率來(lái)看,1987-2007年大慶市土地利用率逐年增加,說(shuō)明隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,土地利用效率日益提高；從土地墾殖率變化來(lái)看,大慶市土地墾殖率降低,這反映出大慶市城市化建設(shè)正在逐步實(shí)現(xiàn),更多的耕地被城市建設(shè)所替代。(2)驅(qū)動(dòng)力分析結(jié)果表明,影響耕地與居民點(diǎn)工礦用地變化的主要因子為產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變化。作為石油開采為主導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)的城市,大慶市的人口分布、建筑用地、甚至是農(nóng)用地的分布,均受礦區(qū)的開發(fā)建設(shè)影響。隨著石油儲(chǔ)存量下降,石油開采的主導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)地位下滑,資源轉(zhuǎn)型期間大慶市第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展還很滯后,與之相適應(yīng)的土地利用格局,有待進(jìn)一步規(guī)劃；對(duì)林地、交通用地面積變化影響最大的均是總?cè)丝谝蜃樱粚?duì)水域面積變化影響最大的是非農(nóng)人口因子。在充分考慮土地可持續(xù)利用與諸多復(fù)雜因素的關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)上,模擬土地不斷利用的研究表明,在糧食不足以供給人們的時(shí)候,農(nóng)用耕地依舊在減少,這對(duì)于一個(gè)依賴資源的城市是毀滅性的,為了改變這個(gè)現(xiàn)狀,我們必須加強(qiáng)土地利用的合理化,不能盲目的為了經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)減少耕地,這對(duì)于資源型城市是至關(guān)重要的。
[Abstract]:Land use change and its driving factors in the process of rapid urbanization are the key research objects in academia. In order to better urban development, urban development prospects can often be planned by means of forecasting, and land use change is the core content of forecasting. Daqing is a petrochemical industrial city built along with mines. The distribution of urban and industrial land is scattered, the waste of land is common, and the level of intensive land is low. From the viewpoints of land use quantity, land use degree, land use rate change and land reclamation rate change, this paper analyzes the characteristics of land use change in Daqing during the period of transformation from 1987 to 2007, and applies grey relational analysis method to analyze how the driving force of land use change will change under the condition of rapid economic development in Daqing, and also analyzes the driving force of land use change. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) From the perspective of land use quantity, the area of grassland, woodland and construction land increased from 1987 to 2007 in Daqing, while the area of cultivated land, unused land and water area decreased in varying degrees. In terms of land use degree, the comprehensive index of land use degree decreased by 6.76 in 20 years, indicating the overall decline of land use degree; in terms of land use rate, the land use rate of Daqing increased year by year from 1987 to 2007, indicating that with the development of social economy, land use efficiency is increasing; in terms of land reclamation rate, it is increasing. The decrease of land reclamation rate reflects the gradual realization of urbanization in Daqing and the replacement of more cultivated land by urban construction. (2) The analysis of driving force shows that the main factor affecting the change of cultivated land and residential industrial and mining land is the change of industrial structure. With the decrease of oil reserves, the dominant industrial position of oil exploitation declines, and the development of the tertiary industry in Daqing is still lagging behind during the period of resource transformation. The corresponding land use pattern needs to be further planned. On the basis of fully considering the relationship between sustainable land use and many complex factors, the study of simulated land continuous use shows that when grain is insufficient to supply people, farmland is still decreasing, which is helpful to the sustainable development of agricultural land. A resource-dependent city is devastating. In order to change this situation, we must strengthen the rationalization of land use and not blindly reduce cultivated land for economic growth, which is crucial to resource-based cities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F301.2

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本文編號(hào)：2219812