【摘要】：土地作為一種不可再生資源,是人類及社會發(fā)展不可或缺的重要的物質資源。隨著社會、經濟的發(fā)展,土地利用結構及布局日益復雜化,同時,在土地利用過程中,由于土地利用結構不合理引起的人地矛盾、生態(tài)環(huán)境等問題日益突出。因此,如何合理利用土地,優(yōu)化調整土地利用結構就成為亟需解決的問題。本文以日照市作為研究對象,對其土地利用結構的優(yōu)化調整進行研究,以期為日照市的土地管理工作提供一定的理論政策支持,所選擇的優(yōu)化方案能夠充分發(fā)揮日照市土地的綜合功能,達到促進日照市社會經濟可持續(xù)發(fā)展的目的。本文以區(qū)位理論、土地可持續(xù)利用理論、人地協(xié)調(關系)理論、土地規(guī)劃彈性理論等理論為指導,運用一系列指標對日照市的土地利用結構變化進行分析,探尋引起其變化的驅動力,構建基于線性規(guī)劃、多目標規(guī)劃的土地利用結構優(yōu)化模型,并對方案進行擇優(yōu),找尋適合日照市土地利用的最優(yōu)結構。本文的研究內容主要包括:(1)土地利用結構分析。在2003-2012年日照市土地利用變更數(shù)據(jù)的基礎上,從土地利用變化幅度、速度、強度、綜合度、信息熵等方面分析日照市土地利用變化情況,得出日照市土地利用的特點。(2)選取22個經濟社會指標,運用SPSS16.0對其進行主成分分析,分析引起日照市土地利用變化的驅動因子。(3)優(yōu)化調整日照市土地利用結構。根據(jù)日照市歷年的社會經濟狀況,運用不同的數(shù)學方法預測日照市的社會經濟發(fā)展趨勢,構建基于線性規(guī)劃、多目標規(guī)劃的土地利用結構優(yōu)化模型,分析評價優(yōu)化結果并進行擇優(yōu)。(4)在前文分析的基礎上,提出保障日照市土地利用結構優(yōu)化方案實施的措施。在以上分析和模型求解的基礎上,本文的研究成果如下:(1)日照市2003-2012年土地利用程度總體水平較高,土地利用處于發(fā)展時期,土地利用變化較為顯著。整體看來,日照市農用地減少,園地、林地數(shù)量減少;建設用地的數(shù)量逐年增加,城鎮(zhèn)建設用地擴張速度加快;未利用地數(shù)量減少。(2)通過運用SPSS16.0對所選取的22個經濟社會指標進行主成分分析,得出引起日照市土地利用結構變化的主要驅動因子分別為:經濟社會發(fā)展因素、人口因素及土地政策。(3)根據(jù)日照市社會經濟的發(fā)展趨勢,結合日照市土地利用及社會經濟發(fā)展的特點,確定2020年日照市的土地利用結構為:耕地241884.56hm2、園地25920.53hm2、林地87595.50hm2、其他農用地61448.99hm2、居民點及工礦用地71077.19hm2、交通運輸用地13405.71hm2、水利設施用地7736.02hm2、未利用地26788.90hm2。(4)保障日照市土地利用結構優(yōu)化方案實施的措施主要為保護耕地和基本農田,控制建設用地規(guī)模,科學利用建設用地,積極開展土地綜合整治,加強生態(tài)保護,改善生態(tài)環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:As a non-renewable resource, land is an indispensable material resource for human and social development. With the development of society and economy, the structure and layout of land use are becoming more and more complicated. At the same time, in the process of land use, the contradiction between man and land caused by unreasonable land use structure and ecological environment are becoming more and more prominent. Therefore, how to make rational use of land and optimize the structure of land use has become an urgent problem. In this paper, Rizhao City is taken as the research object to study the optimization and adjustment of its land use structure in order to provide some theoretical and policy support for the land management in Rizhao City. The optimized scheme can give full play to the comprehensive function of the land in Rizhao and achieve the purpose of promoting the sustainable development of social economy in Rizhao. Under the guidance of location theory, land sustainable use theory, human-land coordination theory and land planning elasticity theory, this paper uses a series of indicators to analyze the changes of land use structure in Rizhao City. Based on linear programming and multi-objective programming, the optimization model of land use structure is constructed, and the scheme is selected to find the optimal structure suitable for land use in Rizhao city. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) Analysis of land use structure. Based on the data of land use change in Rizhao City from 2003 to 2012, this paper analyzes the land use change in Rizhao City from the aspects of land use change range, speed, intensity, comprehensive degree, information entropy, etc. The characteristics of land use in Rizhao City were obtained. (2) 22 economic and social indexes were selected and principal component analysis (SPSS16.0) was used to analyze the driving factors of land use change in Rizhao City. (3) Land use structure of Rizhao City was optimized and adjusted. According to the social and economic situation of Rizhao City over the years, different mathematical methods are used to predict the social and economic development trend of Rizhao City, and a land use structure optimization model based on linear programming and multi-objective programming is constructed. Analysis and evaluation of the results of optimization and selection. (4) on the basis of the previous analysis, put forward the measures to ensure the implementation of land use structure optimization scheme in Rizhao. On the basis of the above analysis and model solution, the research results of this paper are as follows: (1) the overall level of land use in Rizhao City from 2003 to 2012 is high, the land use is in the developing period, and the land use change is more significant. As a whole, the number of agricultural land, garden land and woodland in Rizhao City is decreasing, the number of construction land is increasing year by year, and the expansion rate of urban construction land is accelerating. (2) through the principal component analysis of 22 selected economic and social indicators by using SPSS16.0, the main driving factors of the land use structure change in Rizhao are: economic and social development factors. Population factors and land policies. (3) according to the trend of social and economic development in Rizhao City, combined with the characteristics of land use and social and economic development in Rizhao City, The land use structure of Rizhao city in 2020 is as follows: cultivated land 241884.56hm2, garden land 25920.53hm2, woodland 87595.50hm2, other agricultural land 61448.99hm2, residential land and industrial and mining land 71077.19hm2, transportation land 13405.71hm2, water conservancy facility land 7736.02hm2, unused land 26788.90hm2. The measures taken to optimize the implementation of the program are mainly to protect arable land and basic farmland. We should control the scale of construction land, make scientific use of construction land, actively carry out comprehensive land renovation, strengthen ecological protection and improve ecological environment.
【學位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F301.2

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