發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-17 00:35

【摘要】：農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)是農(nóng)村公共品的一種,其從性質(zhì)上講,具有公共品的非排他性和非競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的屬性。有助于農(nóng)戶提高農(nóng)田的作業(yè)效率,降低農(nóng)戶的生產(chǎn)成本,為農(nóng)戶增收創(chuàng)收帶來便利。因此,農(nóng)業(yè)推廣工作在農(nóng)村的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展建設(shè)中具有舉足輕重的作用。然而,目前我國農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)所面臨的最大的問題就是在供求上存在著嚴(yán)重的不均衡。一方面,由于農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)的投入主體比較單一,過分的依賴于政府的資助,而政府對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)推廣方面的財(cái)政資金投入不足,管理體制不完善等,而造成了在數(shù)量上、質(zhì)量上和結(jié)構(gòu)上存在著不足。另一方面,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,農(nóng)民對(duì)于農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)的需求要求越來越高,逐步從過去的數(shù)量上的需求,轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橘|(zhì)量上的優(yōu)質(zhì)化需求。因此,本文以河北省邯鄲市為例,對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)的供求均衡問題進(jìn)行研究,通過研究農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)供給需求的現(xiàn)狀、來找出問題,最后給予指導(dǎo)性建議。這三個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)是本文研究重點(diǎn)。本文首先在前人的基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)出經(jīng)驗(yàn),歸納出問題。其次,通過一些基礎(chǔ)的理論知識(shí)掌握和分析,認(rèn)識(shí)農(nóng)業(yè)推廣的框架體系。最后通過調(diào)研來采集數(shù)據(jù),并用計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的知識(shí)進(jìn)行實(shí)證性的分析。最后,把理論知識(shí)和實(shí)踐調(diào)研有機(jī)結(jié)合,提出改善農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)失衡的政策性發(fā)展建議。本文筆者首先闡述了農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)的基本定義,從概念上把農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)劃分到了公共品的屬性,概述了農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)的需求動(dòng)機(jī)、特征以及影響因素。并對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)的供求均衡條件進(jìn)行了研究分析。之后以河北省邯鄲市為例,采用抽樣調(diào)查的形式對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)的供需情況進(jìn)行了實(shí)證性分析,從需求的角度和農(nóng)戶的支付意愿程度研究了邯鄲市農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)的供需情況。得出了邯鄲市農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)需求多元化、供給效用低水平化以及供給模式單一化的結(jié)果。筆者認(rèn)為造成這種結(jié)果出現(xiàn)的原因首先是因?yàn)檗r(nóng)戶缺少一個(gè)合理有效的農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)需求表達(dá)機(jī)制。其次,各級(jí)政府對(duì)于農(nóng)業(yè)推廣工作的資金投入不足并且管理體制不順。針對(duì)上述實(shí)證性分析,作者提出了政府應(yīng)當(dāng)采取多元化的供給模式來解決農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)供需失衡的問題,并借鑒宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中的三部門經(jīng)濟(jì)來對(duì)邯鄲市農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)進(jìn)行全面分析。
[Abstract]:Agricultural science and technology service is a kind of rural public goods, which, by its nature, has the non-exclusive and non-competitive nature of public goods. It is helpful for farmers to improve the efficiency of farmland operation, reduce the production cost of farmers, and bring convenience for farmers to increase income and income. Therefore, the agricultural extension work in the rural economic development has a pivotal role. However, the biggest problem in agricultural science and technology service is the serious imbalance between supply and demand. On the one hand, because the main input of agricultural science and technology services is relatively single, the government is excessively dependent on government funding, and the government has insufficient financial investment in agricultural extension, the management system is not perfect, and so on, which has resulted in the quantity. There are shortcomings in quality and structure. On the other hand, with the development of economy and the progress of science and technology, farmers' demand for agricultural science and technology service is higher and higher. Therefore, taking Handan City of Hebei Province as an example, this paper studies the equilibrium of supply and demand of agricultural science and technology service, and finds out the problem by studying the current situation of supply and demand of agricultural science and technology service, and finally gives some guiding suggestions. These three links are the focus of this paper. In this paper, first of all, on the basis of previous experience, summed up the problem. Secondly, through some basic theoretical knowledge grasp and analysis, understand the framework system of agricultural extension. Finally, the data are collected through investigation, and the econometric knowledge is applied to the empirical analysis. Finally, combining theoretical knowledge with practical investigation, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions to improve the imbalance of agricultural science and technology service. In this paper, the author first expounds the basic definition of agricultural science and technology service, classifies agricultural science and technology service into the attribute of public goods from the concept, and summarizes the demand motive, characteristics and influencing factors of agricultural science and technology service. The equilibrium condition of supply and demand of agricultural science and technology service is studied and analyzed. Then taking Handan City of Hebei Province as an example, the supply and demand situation of agricultural science and technology service is analyzed by sampling survey, and the supply and demand situation of agricultural science and technology service in Handan city is studied from the point of view of demand and farmers' willingness to pay. The results show that the demand for agricultural science and technology service in Handan is diversified, the supply utility is low and the supply mode is single. The author believes that the first reason for this result is that farmers lack a reasonable and effective mechanism to express the demand for agricultural science and technology services. Second, governments at all levels of the agricultural extension of inadequate investment and management system. In view of the above empirical analysis, the author puts forward that the government should adopt a diversified supply mode to solve the imbalance between supply and demand of agricultural science and technology services. And draw lessons from the three-sector economy in macroeconomics to carry on the comprehensive analysis to Handan city agricultural science and technology service.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F323.3

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