基于土地利用類型變化的鄭州市海綿城市建設研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-14 10:04
【摘要】：隨著城市化進程的加快,城市范圍不斷向周圍擴展,土地利用結構也隨之變化,城市土地利用類型的改變在一定程度上影響著城市的生態(tài)調蓄能力正常發(fā)揮。海綿城市理念主張城市開發(fā)建設要尊重自然、保護自然,最大限度的維持場地開發(fā)前的水文循環(huán)特征,減小城市建設對自然生態(tài)的破壞,維持城市正常的生態(tài)調蓄能力,提高城市發(fā)展的可持續(xù)性。本文以鄭州市為研究區(qū)域,分析1988年以來鄭州市土地利用類型變化特征及其對城市調蓄能力的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)鄭州市城市海綿體面積不斷減少,城市的自然調蓄能力也在下降。河流水系的變化能夠從側面體現(xiàn)鄭州市土地利用類型的變化,且河流水系對調蓄能力影響的可采用幾個指標進行量化,本文進一步分析了近年來鄭州市河流水系的變化情況及其對調蓄能力的變化的影響,得出鄭州市河流水系的變化降低了河流自然調蓄能力的結論。在此基礎上,從提高鄭州市城市可持續(xù)性、提升水系調蓄能力及不同土地利用性質低影響開發(fā)措施方面提出鄭州市海綿城市建設的策略。文章的主體內容可以分為三部分。第一部分對海綿城市理念、本質及其建設途徑,海綿城市與低影響開發(fā),土地利用類型變化與海綿城市等進行闡述,并對國內外海綿城市建設理論研究和實踐情況以及城市土地利用類型變化對水文過程和調蓄能力影響研究進行了綜合論述。第二部分是鄭州市土地利用類型和水系結構變化特征及其影響分析。通過遙感圖像解譯數據,建立了以不透水表面為主的土地利用分類體系,結果顯示近年來鄭州市城市不透水表面面積和比重逐年增加,植被覆蓋表面先增加后減少,水體和其他類型土地一直處理減少狀態(tài);對土地利用程度進行分析發(fā)現(xiàn),鄭州市土地利用程度處于較高的水平,表明鄭州市土地利用受到人類活動影響較大。對水系結構的分析主要通過河流長度、水域面積、河網密度、水面率、水系連接度等指標來反映,近年來鄭州市河流水系還在持續(xù)消失,不利于城市水體對暴雨內澇的正常調蓄。第三部分鄭州市海綿城市建設策略。本文從提高鄭州市城市發(fā)展的可持續(xù)性、提升水系調蓄能力及不同土地利用性質低影響開發(fā)措施方面提出鄭州市海綿城市建設的策略。首先要保護和修復鄭州市現(xiàn)有生態(tài)海綿體、修復遭受破壞海綿體;營造新的海綿體;升級城市排水管網,構建高效排水系統(tǒng);提升廢污水處理率,提升中水利用比率等方面;接著從保護現(xiàn)有水系和生物多樣性、增加鄭州市水面率和河道蓄水空間、提高城市水體連通度構建城市水系網絡等方面提出。最后分別從住宅和商業(yè)用地、城市道路和交通用地、城市綠地三種土地利用性質提出低影響開發(fā)措施。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the urban scope continues to expand to the surrounding, and the structure of land use also changes. To some extent, the change of urban land use type affects the ability of urban ecological regulation and storage to play a normal role. The concept of sponge city advocates that urban development and construction should respect nature, protect nature, maintain the hydrological cycle characteristics before site development to the maximum extent, reduce the damage to natural ecology caused by urban construction, and maintain the normal ecological storage capacity of the city. Enhancing the sustainability of urban development. Taking Zhengzhou as the research area, this paper analyzes the change characteristics of land use types in Zhengzhou since 1988 and its influence on the urban storage capacity. It is found that the area of urban sponge body in Zhengzhou city is decreasing and the natural storage capacity of the city is also decreasing. The change of river water system can reflect the change of land use type in Zhengzhou City, and the influence of river water system on storage capacity can be quantified by several indexes. This paper further analyzes the changes of river system and its influence on the storage capacity in Zhengzhou in recent years, and draws a conclusion that the change of river system in Zhengzhou reduces the natural storage capacity of the river. On the basis of this, the strategies for the construction of sponge city in Zhengzhou are put forward from the aspects of improving the urban sustainability, improving the capacity of water system regulation and low impact of different land use properties on the development of the sponge city in Zhengzhou. The main content of the article can be divided into three parts. The first part expounds the concept, essence and construction of sponge city, sponge city and low impact development, land use type change and sponge city, etc. The theoretical and practical situation of sponge city construction at home and abroad and the influence of urban land use type change on hydrological process and storage capacity are discussed. The second part is the analysis of the changes of land use type and water system structure in Zhengzhou. A land use classification system based on impermeable surface was established by interpreting the data from remote sensing images. The results showed that the area and proportion of impervious surface increased year by year and vegetation coverage increased first and then decreased in recent years. Water and other types of land have been treated to reduce the state, and the analysis of land use level found that the level of land use in Zhengzhou is in a higher level, indicating that Zhengzhou land use is greatly affected by human activities. The analysis of river system structure is mainly reflected by river length, water area, river network density, water surface rate, water system connectivity and so on. In recent years, the river system in Zhengzhou has been continuously disappearing. It is unfavorable to the normal regulation of urban water body to rainstorm waterlogging. The third part of Zhengzhou sponge city construction strategy. This paper puts forward the strategies for the construction of sponge city in Zhengzhou from the aspects of improving the sustainability of urban development, improving the capacity of water system regulation and low impact of different land use properties on the development of Zhengzhou City. First of all, we should protect and repair the existing ecological sponge in Zhengzhou, repair the damaged sponge; build a new sponge; upgrade the urban drainage network, build an efficient drainage system; enhance the waste water treatment rate, increase the utilization ratio of reclaimed water, and so on; Then it is put forward from the aspects of protecting the existing water system and biodiversity, increasing the water surface rate and water storage space of Zhengzhou City, and improving the connectivity of the city water body to construct the urban water system network. Finally, the low impact development measures are put forward from three kinds of land use properties: residential and commercial land, urban road and traffic land, and urban green space.
【學位授予單位】：河南財經政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F301.2;TU992
本文編號：2121303
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the urban scope continues to expand to the surrounding, and the structure of land use also changes. To some extent, the change of urban land use type affects the ability of urban ecological regulation and storage to play a normal role. The concept of sponge city advocates that urban development and construction should respect nature, protect nature, maintain the hydrological cycle characteristics before site development to the maximum extent, reduce the damage to natural ecology caused by urban construction, and maintain the normal ecological storage capacity of the city. Enhancing the sustainability of urban development. Taking Zhengzhou as the research area, this paper analyzes the change characteristics of land use types in Zhengzhou since 1988 and its influence on the urban storage capacity. It is found that the area of urban sponge body in Zhengzhou city is decreasing and the natural storage capacity of the city is also decreasing. The change of river water system can reflect the change of land use type in Zhengzhou City, and the influence of river water system on storage capacity can be quantified by several indexes. This paper further analyzes the changes of river system and its influence on the storage capacity in Zhengzhou in recent years, and draws a conclusion that the change of river system in Zhengzhou reduces the natural storage capacity of the river. On the basis of this, the strategies for the construction of sponge city in Zhengzhou are put forward from the aspects of improving the urban sustainability, improving the capacity of water system regulation and low impact of different land use properties on the development of the sponge city in Zhengzhou. The main content of the article can be divided into three parts. The first part expounds the concept, essence and construction of sponge city, sponge city and low impact development, land use type change and sponge city, etc. The theoretical and practical situation of sponge city construction at home and abroad and the influence of urban land use type change on hydrological process and storage capacity are discussed. The second part is the analysis of the changes of land use type and water system structure in Zhengzhou. A land use classification system based on impermeable surface was established by interpreting the data from remote sensing images. The results showed that the area and proportion of impervious surface increased year by year and vegetation coverage increased first and then decreased in recent years. Water and other types of land have been treated to reduce the state, and the analysis of land use level found that the level of land use in Zhengzhou is in a higher level, indicating that Zhengzhou land use is greatly affected by human activities. The analysis of river system structure is mainly reflected by river length, water area, river network density, water surface rate, water system connectivity and so on. In recent years, the river system in Zhengzhou has been continuously disappearing. It is unfavorable to the normal regulation of urban water body to rainstorm waterlogging. The third part of Zhengzhou sponge city construction strategy. This paper puts forward the strategies for the construction of sponge city in Zhengzhou from the aspects of improving the sustainability of urban development, improving the capacity of water system regulation and low impact of different land use properties on the development of Zhengzhou City. First of all, we should protect and repair the existing ecological sponge in Zhengzhou, repair the damaged sponge; build a new sponge; upgrade the urban drainage network, build an efficient drainage system; enhance the waste water treatment rate, increase the utilization ratio of reclaimed water, and so on; Then it is put forward from the aspects of protecting the existing water system and biodiversity, increasing the water surface rate and water storage space of Zhengzhou City, and improving the connectivity of the city water body to construct the urban water system network. Finally, the low impact development measures are put forward from three kinds of land use properties: residential and commercial land, urban road and traffic land, and urban green space.
【學位授予單位】：河南財經政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F301.2;TU992
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