本文選題：農(nóng)戶 + 扶貧�。� 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：貧困是國際上普遍存在的一種現(xiàn)象。在中國,貧困問題一直受到政府和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究者們的高度重視。如何實(shí)現(xiàn)“精準(zhǔn)扶貧”,消除貧困,提高人們的物質(zhì)和精神生活水平,是當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)重要研究課題。中國的貧困人群主要分布在農(nóng)村地區(qū),因此,解決好農(nóng)村人口的貧困問題,實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村貧困人群脫貧并不再返貧,顯得非常重要。本文認(rèn)為,將包括貧困戶在內(nèi)的所有農(nóng)戶都納入信用評(píng)級(jí)體系,對(duì)解決我國貧困問題將會(huì)起到一定作用。近年來,國家采取一系列措施著力推進(jìn)扶貧開發(fā)工作,在實(shí)現(xiàn)“精準(zhǔn)扶貧”的同時(shí),將金融扶貧作為推動(dòng)農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)的重要手段,然而,農(nóng)戶,特別是貧困農(nóng)戶貸款難的問題依舊突出,一定程度上影響到貧困農(nóng)戶的脫貧進(jìn)程。農(nóng)戶貸款難的主要原因是現(xiàn)階段還缺乏科學(xué)、健全的農(nóng)戶信用評(píng)級(jí)體系。研究并解決這一問題,不僅有助于幫助政府扶貧工作的進(jìn)行、提高農(nóng)民生活水平,還可以對(duì)于實(shí)現(xiàn)脫貧,幫助脫貧之后不再返貧具有一定的參考價(jià)值。本文對(duì)當(dāng)前我國面臨的貧困治理困境進(jìn)行闡述,認(rèn)為農(nóng)村金融因具有普惠性以及能帶動(dòng)“造血式”發(fā)展,對(duì)幫助農(nóng)戶徹底脫貧有著強(qiáng)效作用。通過分析歸納以往貧困與貧困治理理論,在研究了個(gè)人信用評(píng)級(jí)理論與現(xiàn)狀以及已有的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的基礎(chǔ)上,本文提出將建立農(nóng)戶信用評(píng)級(jí)體系作為一種幫助農(nóng)戶脫貧尤其是防止他們返貧的手段。在分析幾種目前流行的農(nóng)戶信用評(píng)價(jià)方法后,選擇了二元logistic回歸模型與層次分析法,基于“中國家庭金融調(diào)查(China Household Finance Survey,CHFS)”2011年的問卷數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)影響農(nóng)戶信用的相關(guān)因素進(jìn)行了分析,最終構(gòu)建了包括家庭特征、經(jīng)營情況在內(nèi)的4個(gè)一級(jí)指標(biāo)和包括年齡、工作份數(shù)、民間借款總額、個(gè)人信用紀(jì)錄等在內(nèi)的18個(gè)二級(jí)指標(biāo)的農(nóng)戶信用評(píng)級(jí)指標(biāo)體系。本文在進(jìn)行了上述研究之后認(rèn)為,將包括貧困戶在內(nèi)的所有農(nóng)戶納入信用評(píng)級(jí)體系中是可行的,而具體的實(shí)證分析數(shù)據(jù)顯示:30歲至50歲的農(nóng)戶信用狀況相對(duì)較好;農(nóng)戶工作的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng),表示其越勤勞,收入理論上也相對(duì)更高,違約的可能性則相對(duì)更低;違約率隨著貸款額度的增加而加大,單筆貸款超過一定額度會(huì)極大降低農(nóng)戶信用評(píng)分;個(gè)人信用記錄能有效反映農(nóng)戶信用狀況。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文提出了包括加大教育與技術(shù)培訓(xùn)力度與提高普及度、普及小額貸款、鼓勵(lì)民間創(chuàng)業(yè)與項(xiàng)目、提高貧困戶自身脫貧意識(shí)、普及信用卡、建立良好信用環(huán)境這幾項(xiàng)對(duì)策與建議,這些建議都會(huì)對(duì)幫助農(nóng)戶脫貧產(chǎn)生積極作用。
[Abstract]:Poverty is a common phenomenon in the world. In China, the problem of poverty has been highly valued by the government and economic researchers. How to achieve "accurate poverty alleviation", eliminate poverty and improve people's material and spiritual living standards is an important research topic in economics. The poor people in China are mainly distributed in the rural areas, so it is very important to solve the poverty problem of the rural population, to realize the poverty relief of the rural poor people and not to return to poverty. This paper holds that it will play an important role in solving the problem of poverty in China by bringing all farmers, including poor households, into the credit rating system. In recent years, the state has taken a series of measures to promote poverty alleviation and development. While achieving "accurate poverty alleviation," the state has taken financial poverty alleviation as an important means of promoting rural poverty alleviation and development. However, farmers, Especially, the problem of poor farmers' loan is still prominent, which affects the process of poverty alleviation to some extent. The main reason for the difficulty of farmers' loan is the lack of scientific and sound credit rating system. To study and solve this problem will not only help the government to carry out poverty alleviation work and improve the living standard of farmers, but also has certain reference value for the realization of poverty eradication and the non-return to poverty after helping out of poverty. This paper expounds the plight of poverty management in China at present, and holds that rural finance, because of its inclusive nature and the ability to promote "hematopoietic" development, has a strong effect on helping farmers get rid of poverty completely. By analyzing and summarizing the previous theories of poverty and poverty management, this paper studies the theory of personal credit rating, the present situation and the existing evaluation indexes. This paper proposes to establish a credit rating system for farmers as a means to help them out of poverty, especially to prevent them from returning to poverty. After analyzing several popular methods of household credit evaluation, this paper chooses the binary logistic regression model and the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), based on the 2011 questionnaire data of China Household Finance Survey. This paper analyzes the related factors affecting the credit of farmers, and finally constructs four first-level indicators, including family characteristics, business conditions, including age, number of work shares, total amount of private loans, etc. Personal credit records, including 18 second-level indicators of farmers credit rating index system. After the above research, this paper holds that it is feasible to include all the peasant households including the poor households in the credit rating system, and the concrete empirical analysis data show that the credit status of the households aged 30 to 50 is relatively good; The longer farmers work, the more industrious they are, the higher their incomes in theory and the lower the likelihood of default; the rate of default increases as the amount of loans increases. If a single loan exceeds a certain amount, the credit score of farmers will be greatly reduced, and personal credit records can effectively reflect the credit status of farmers. On this basis, this paper puts forward some suggestions, including increasing education and technical training, increasing popularization, popularizing small loans, encouraging folk entrepreneurship and projects, raising the awareness of poverty alleviation among poor households, popularizing credit cards. The countermeasures and suggestions of establishing a good credit environment will play a positive role in helping farmers get out of poverty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F323.8;F832.4

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

中國期刊全文數(shù)據(jù)庫 前7條

1 童馨樂;褚保金;楊向陽;;社會(huì)資本對(duì)農(nóng)戶借貸行為影響的實(shí)證研究——基于八省1003個(gè)農(nóng)戶的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)[J];金融研究;2011年12期

2 丁志國;譚伶俐;趙晶;;農(nóng)村金融對(duì)減少貧困的作用研究[J];農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)問題;2011年11期

3 楊宏玲;郭高玲;;基于BBC與價(jià)值鏈風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析的農(nóng)戶信用評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系探析[J];科技管理研究;2011年06期

4 王潤倉;何云;陳秀權(quán);張鋒;;欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)農(nóng)戶信用評(píng)價(jià)體系的構(gòu)建及其應(yīng)用[J];征信;2011年01期

5 吳晶妹;張穎;唐勤偉;;基于農(nóng)戶信用特征的WU’s三維信用評(píng)價(jià)模型研究[J];財(cái)貿(mào)經(jīng)濟(jì);2010年09期

6 王萍萍;閆芳;;農(nóng)村貧困的影響面、持續(xù)性和返貧情況[J];調(diào)研世界;2010年03期

7 丁軍;陳標(biāo)平;;構(gòu)建可持續(xù)扶貧模式 治理農(nóng)村返貧頑疾[J];社會(huì)科學(xué);2010年01期

，

本文編號(hào)：2106562