發(fā)布時間：2018-07-04 10:20

  本文選題：西豐縣 + 農(nóng)村貧困��； 參考：《沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：貧困是影響人類生存發(fā)展的世界性三大難題之一,不僅嚴重阻礙貧窮國家經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展,也是地區(qū)沖突、恐怖主義和環(huán)境惡化等問題的根源之一,因此世界各國對貧困問題都給予了高度關(guān)注。從1986年至今,中國的貧困人口減少了 7億多人,成績斐然,但仍面臨嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)。按照每天人均支出1.9美元貧困線,中國的貧困人口數(shù)仍排世界第三位,占世界貧困人口總數(shù)的7%,且剩余貧困人口貧困程度更深,脫貧難度更大。要實現(xiàn)2020年農(nóng)村貧困人口全部脫貧,全面建成小康社會,實現(xiàn)第一個百年目標,扶貧工作至關(guān)重要。2017年我國制訂了再減少農(nóng)村貧困人口 1000萬的目標,時間緊,任務(wù)重,需要匯聚全面深化改革的強大力量,上下聯(lián)動,綜合施策。西豐縣是遼寧省重點貧困縣,截至2017年,174個行政村,貧困村數(shù)占近69%;總?cè)丝?35萬,農(nóng)村貧困發(fā)生率為8.82%,較遼寧省高6.5個百分點,仍有貧困人口 27376人。要實現(xiàn)西豐縣制定的2018年西豐縣貧困人口全部脫貧,要抓緊2017年全面建成小康社會決勝階段的關(guān)鍵之年,深入推進扶貧工作,為建設(shè)"富庶、活力、生態(tài)、幸福"西豐奠定基礎(chǔ)。本文以貧困理論為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合西豐縣具體實際,利用2013-2016年遼寧省扶貧統(tǒng)計監(jiān)測中心數(shù)據(jù),分析西豐縣的農(nóng)村貧困現(xiàn)狀及扶貧工作。通過分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)西豐縣農(nóng)村貧困具有貧困總量大,貧困發(fā)生率高;貧困人口收入低、增長慢、來源單一;貧困人口老齡化嚴重;貧困人口受教育水平低的特征。西豐縣貧困成因復(fù)雜,主要的致貧成包括因病致貧、缺資金致貧、缺勞動力致貧、缺技術(shù)致貧、自生動力不足致貧。西豐縣的扶貧工作主要包括基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)扶貧和專項扶貧兩方面,其中專項扶貧工作主要包括幫扶扶貧、雨露計劃扶貧、小額貸款扶貧、特色產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧、異地搬遷扶貧和旅游扶貧。本文通過灰色關(guān)聯(lián)度分析得出西豐縣扶貧措施中,危房改造、發(fā)展特色產(chǎn)業(yè)、文化建設(shè)的效果最顯著,但存在文化建設(shè)投入不足的問題。通過分析,西豐縣扶貧工作取得一定效果,但存在以下問題:扶貧成果不牢固,返貧現(xiàn)象依然存在;經(jīng)濟欠發(fā)達,本級財政扶貧能力弱;基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)不完善;幫扶扶貧和雨露計劃實施亟須深化;金融扶貧力度不足。針對其扶貧工作存在的問題,提出西豐縣今后的扶貧工作要從以下幾點推進:一、創(chuàng)新扶貧機制,轉(zhuǎn)變扶貧方式。二、加快經(jīng)濟發(fā)展,促進產(chǎn)業(yè)升級,提高縣級財政扶貧能力。三、完善各項基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),改善農(nóng)民生產(chǎn)、生活和發(fā)展條件。四,深化專項扶貧工作,包括強化幫扶工作管理和推進雨露計劃實施。五,加大農(nóng)村金融扶貧力度,解決農(nóng)村貧困人口的資金問題。
[Abstract]:Poverty is one of the world's three major problems affecting the survival and development of mankind. It is not only a serious obstacle to the economic and social development of poor countries, but also one of the root causes of regional conflicts, terrorism and environmental degradation. Therefore, countries all over the world pay great attention to the problem of poverty. Since 1986, China's poor population has fallen by more than 700 million people, outstanding achievements, but still face serious challenges. According to the poverty line of $1.90 per person per day, China still ranks third in the world in terms of the number of people living in poverty, accounting for seven percent of the world's total number of poor people, and the remaining poor people are more impoverished and more difficult to get out of poverty. In order to achieve the goal of lifting all the rural poor out of poverty, building a well-off society in an all-round way and achieving the first century-old goal, poverty alleviation work is of vital importance. In 2017, China set the goal of reducing the number of rural poor people by 10 million again, with a tight time and a heavy task. Need to pool comprehensive deepening of the reform of the powerful forces, linked up and down, comprehensive strategy. Xifeng County is a key poor county in Liaoning Province. As of 2017, 174 administrative villages accounted for nearly 69 villages with a total population of 350000, and the incidence of rural poverty was 8.82 percentage points, 6.5 percentage points higher than that in Liaoning Province. There are still 27376 poor people. In order to achieve the goal of lifting all the poor people out of poverty in Xinfeng County in 2018, we must seize the key year of the decisive stage of building a well-off society in 2017, and promote the work of poverty alleviation in depth, in order to build "wealth, vitality, and ecology." Happiness "Xifeng laid the foundation." Based on the theory of poverty and the practice of Xinfeng County, this paper analyzes the current situation of rural poverty and poverty alleviation in Xinfeng County by using the data of Liaoning Provincial Poverty Alleviation Statistical Monitoring Center during 2013-2016. Through analysis, it is found that the rural poverty in Xifeng County has the characteristics of large total poverty, high incidence of poverty, low income, slow growth and single source, serious aging of the poor population and low education level of the poor population. The causes of poverty in Xifeng County are complicated. The main causes of poverty include poverty caused by illness, lack of funds, poverty caused by lack of labor force, poverty caused by lack of technology, and poverty caused by lack of self-generating power. The poverty alleviation work in Xifeng County mainly includes two aspects: infrastructure construction, poverty alleviation and special poverty alleviation. Among them, the special poverty alleviation work mainly includes helping the poor, rain and dew programs, small loans, and special industries. Relocation, poverty alleviation and tourism poverty alleviation. Through the analysis of grey correlation degree, this paper draws the conclusion that in the measures of poverty alleviation in Xinfeng County, the effect of reconstruction of dangerous houses, the development of characteristic industries and the construction of culture is the most remarkable, but the problem of insufficient investment in cultural construction exists. Through analysis, Xinfeng County has achieved certain results in poverty alleviation, but the following problems exist: the results of poverty alleviation are not firm, the phenomenon of returning to poverty still exists, the economy is underdeveloped, the financial ability of poverty alleviation is weak at the same level, and the infrastructure construction is not perfect; It is urgent to deepen the implementation of poverty alleviation and rain-dew plan; the financial poverty alleviation is insufficient. In view of the problems existing in the work of helping the poor in Xinfeng County, this paper puts forward that the future poverty alleviation work in Xinfeng County should be carried out in the following aspects: first, innovate the mechanism of poverty alleviation and change the way of poverty alleviation. Second, speed up economic development, promote industrial upgrading, and improve the ability of county finance to help the poor. Third, improve infrastructure construction and improve farmers' production, living and development conditions. Fourth, deepen special poverty alleviation work, including strengthening the management of help work and promoting the implementation of the rain and dew plan. Fifth, strengthen the efforts of rural financial poverty alleviation, and solve the problem of funds for the poor in rural areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F323.8
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本文編號：2095750