本文選題：城鎮(zhèn)化 + 寶坻區(qū)��； 參考：《河北大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：城鎮(zhèn)化是現(xiàn)代化社會(huì)發(fā)展的必然過程和重要階段,在城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程中,會(huì)有著諸多問題出現(xiàn),其中因征地造成的失地農(nóng)民就業(yè)保障問題十分突出,若對(duì)失地農(nóng)民就業(yè)保障問題處理不當(dāng),會(huì)影響城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)度,攪亂正常社會(huì)秩序,嚴(yán)重的會(huì)引發(fā)對(duì)政府沖擊造成社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩,因此安撫失地農(nóng)民,他們的就業(yè)保障問題必須得到妥善解決。在經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展的今天,我國城鎮(zhèn)規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大,原有城鎮(zhèn)用地面積早已占用,城鎮(zhèn)化開發(fā)已經(jīng)向城鎮(zhèn)周邊擴(kuò)展,大量農(nóng)村土地在城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程中被占用,很多農(nóng)民變成失地者,土地征用給這些農(nóng)民就業(yè)造成很大影響。失地農(nóng)民是社會(huì)發(fā)展進(jìn)程中必然出現(xiàn)的一類社會(huì)群體,這種群體的出現(xiàn)體現(xiàn)了社會(huì)發(fā)展階段工農(nóng)業(yè)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換、社會(huì)勞動(dòng)力的再分配。失地農(nóng)民在離開農(nóng)村進(jìn)入城鎮(zhèn)后,引發(fā)住房、工作、生活等一系列社會(huì)問題。農(nóng)民原有的土地能給他們帶來發(fā)展生存保障,在土地產(chǎn)權(quán)變更后這種生活保障消失,大多數(shù)失地農(nóng)民無法享受土地升值帶來的利益。作為弱勢(shì)群體,失地農(nóng)民進(jìn)入城鎮(zhèn),在激烈的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中很難依靠自己的力量生存和發(fā)展,這樣就會(huì)對(duì)社會(huì)造成一系列問題,影響我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,甚至危及社會(huì)安定團(tuán)結(jié),正因如此,對(duì)失地農(nóng)民的就業(yè)問題展開研究有著非常重要的意義。天津市寶坻區(qū)近幾年來經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展較快,城區(qū)規(guī)模不斷向外延伸,在城市建設(shè)過程中占用大量農(nóng)村集體土地,大量農(nóng)民脫離農(nóng)村進(jìn)入城鎮(zhèn)。由于這些失地農(nóng)民技能掌握較少、文化水平較低,長(zhǎng)期農(nóng)村生活習(xí)慣導(dǎo)致他們對(duì)城市生活很難適應(yīng)。諸多因素導(dǎo)致這些人就業(yè)困難�；诖�,本文從對(duì)天津市寶坻區(qū)失地農(nóng)民就業(yè)保障進(jìn)行研究調(diào)查分析,從社會(huì)因素、制度因素、市場(chǎng)因素和個(gè)人因素探討失地農(nóng)民就業(yè)保障問題,通過論證得知,良好的社會(huì)保障體系、完善的就業(yè)安置機(jī)制、健全的土地補(bǔ)償政策、全面的就業(yè)培訓(xùn)制度是解決失地農(nóng)民就業(yè)保障問題的關(guān)鍵。最后根據(jù)所得結(jié)論,提出緩解失地農(nóng)民就業(yè)壓力的政策建議:健全失地農(nóng)民的最低保障體系、對(duì)失地農(nóng)民創(chuàng)業(yè)進(jìn)行制度支持、健全失地農(nóng)民補(bǔ)償機(jī)制、建立多元化的就業(yè)培訓(xùn)機(jī)制,只有這樣才能有效解決失地農(nóng)民就業(yè)保障問題。
[Abstract]:Urbanization is an inevitable process and an important stage in the development of modern society. In the process of urbanization, there will be many problems, among which the problem of employment security for landless farmers caused by land requisition is very prominent. If the problem of employment security for landless farmers is not properly handled, it will affect the progress of urbanization, disturb the normal social order, and seriously cause social unrest to the government, thus appeasing the land-losing peasants. Their job security problem must be properly solved. With the rapid development of economy, the scale of cities and towns in our country is constantly expanding, the original urban land area has already been occupied, the development of urbanization has expanded to the periphery of cities and towns, a large number of rural land has been occupied in the process of urbanization, and many farmers have become landless. Land expropriation has had a great impact on the employment of these farmers. The landless peasants are a kind of social group that must appear in the process of social development. The emergence of this kind of group reflects the transformation between industry and agriculture in the stage of social development and the redistribution of social labor force. After leaving the countryside and entering the town, the landless peasants cause a series of social problems, such as housing, work, life and so on. The farmers' original land can bring them the security of survival and development. After the change of the land property right, this kind of living security disappears, and most of the landless peasants can not enjoy the benefits brought by the land appreciation. As a vulnerable group, landless peasants entering cities and towns are hard to rely on their own strength to survive and develop in the fierce market competition. This will cause a series of problems to the society, affect the economic development of our country, and even endanger social stability and unity. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the employment of landless farmers. The economy of Baodi District of Tianjin is developing rapidly in recent years, the scale of urban area is constantly extending outward, a lot of rural collective land is occupied in the process of urban construction, and a large number of peasants leave the countryside to enter into town. Because these land-lost farmers have less skills and lower education level, it is difficult for them to adapt to urban life due to their long-term rural life habits. Many factors make it difficult for these people to find jobs. Based on this, this paper investigates and analyzes the employment security of landless farmers in Baodi District of Tianjin, discusses the employment security of landless farmers from social factors, institutional factors, market factors and individual factors, and finds out by demonstration that, A good social security system, a perfect employment resettlement mechanism, a sound land compensation policy and a comprehensive employment training system are the key to solve the problem of employment security for landless farmers. Finally, according to the conclusions, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions to alleviate the employment pressure of land-lost farmers: to perfect the minimum security system of land-lost farmers, to carry on the system support to the land-lost farmers' entrepreneurship, and to perfect the compensation mechanism of land-lost farmers. Only by establishing diversified employment training mechanism can we effectively solve the problem of employment security for landless farmers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F249.27;F323.6

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