本文選題：吉林省 + 農(nóng)業(yè)碳排放�。� 參考：《吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：吉林省作為我國的農(nóng)業(yè)大省及重要的商品糧生產(chǎn)基地,在我國的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中占有舉足輕重的地位。近年來,吉林省的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)得到了進一步推動提升,而每年因農(nóng)業(yè)活動所產(chǎn)生的碳排放量也是不斷增加。因此,研究吉林省農(nóng)業(yè)碳排放時空特征及驅動機理,構建農(nóng)業(yè)碳減排政策體系,對于吉林省“十三·五”及2020年減排目標的實現(xiàn)、可持續(xù)發(fā)展狀況及生態(tài)省建設,具有重要的戰(zhàn)略意義和現(xiàn)實作用。本文基于農(nóng)業(yè)物質資料投入和農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程中的化肥、農(nóng)藥、農(nóng)膜、農(nóng)用柴油、翻耕和灌溉6個方面的碳源,通過查閱文獻、統(tǒng)計分析、經(jīng)驗借鑒及實地調研等研究途徑,重點測算了吉林省1990年-2013年及各市州2013年的農(nóng)業(yè)碳排放量和碳排放強度,分析了吉林省農(nóng)業(yè)碳排放的時空特征與驅動因素,提出了促進農(nóng)業(yè)碳減排的政策與建議。取得的主要研究結果概要如下:1.2013年,吉林省農(nóng)用地總面積1639.30×104hm2,耕地面積700.07×104hm2,主要分布在長春和松原。吉林省農(nóng)地生態(tài)環(huán)境污染,主要表現(xiàn)為化肥施用量過高,增幅達1.56倍;農(nóng)藥施用量增加了6.11倍;農(nóng)用地膜的使用量增加了1.75倍;此外,農(nóng)業(yè)機械使用、作物秸稈焚燒和農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉所導致的生態(tài)環(huán)境壓力也日益增加,分別增加了3.33倍、0.75倍和2.10倍。2.自1990年以來吉林省農(nóng)業(yè)碳排放處于階段性的上升態(tài)勢,總體上可分為波動增長期、緩慢增長期、波動下降期、增速明顯放緩期等四個變化階段。吉林省各市州農(nóng)業(yè)碳排放總體上呈現(xiàn)中部高、東西低的特點。3.基于Kaya碳排放恒等式,對農(nóng)業(yè)碳排放影響因素分解發(fā)現(xiàn),1990-2013年相比基期,效率因素、結構因素分別累計貢獻83.63%、25.54%的碳減排,農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟、勞動力分別累計產(chǎn)生了183.13%、26.04%的碳增量。4.提出促進吉林省農(nóng)業(yè)碳減排的政策建議主要有:制定低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展規(guī)劃、加強政策、財政的扶持引導作用、樹立低碳農(nóng)業(yè)意識、突出農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)方式轉變、集約高效利用農(nóng)業(yè)資源、促進農(nóng)業(yè)碳減排技術研發(fā)和應用等6個方面。同時,針對吉林省不同區(qū)域的自然資源特點及農(nóng)業(yè)碳排放狀況,提出了相應的減排建議。
[Abstract]:As a big agricultural province and an important commodity grain production base, Jilin Province plays an important role in China's agricultural production. In recent years, agricultural production in Jilin Province has been further promoted, and the annual carbon emissions from agricultural activities are also increasing. Therefore, the spatio-temporal characteristics and driving mechanism of agricultural carbon emissions in Jilin Province are studied, and the policy system of carbon emission reduction in agriculture is constructed. The sustainable development situation and ecological province construction of Jilin Province for the realization of the 13th Five-Year Plan and 2020 emission reduction target are studied. Has the important strategic significance and the realistic function. Based on the input of agricultural material data and carbon sources of chemical fertilizer, pesticide, agricultural film, agrodiesel oil, ploughing and irrigation in the course of agricultural production, through consulting literature, statistical analysis, experience reference and field investigation, etc. The agricultural carbon emissions and carbon emission intensity in Jilin Province from 1990 to 2013 and in various cities and prefectures were calculated emphatically. The spatio-temporal characteristics and driving factors of agricultural carbon emissions in Jilin Province were analyzed. The policies and suggestions for promoting agricultural carbon emission reduction were put forward. The main results are summarized as follows: 1. In 2013, the total area of agricultural land in Jilin Province was 1639.30 脳 10 4 hm 2, and the cultivated land area was 700.07 脳 10 4 hm 2, mainly distributed in Changchun and Songyuan. The ecological environment pollution of agricultural land in Jilin Province is mainly manifested in the excessive application of chemical fertilizer, the increase of 1.56 times, the increase of 6.11 times in the application of pesticides, the 1.75 times increase in the use of agricultural mulching film, and the use of agricultural machinery. The ecological pressure caused by crop straw burning and agricultural irrigation also increased by 3.33 times 0.75 times and 2.10 times .2. respectively. Since 1990, agricultural carbon emissions in Jilin Province have been in a phase of increase, which can be divided into four stages: fluctuation growth period, slow growth period, fluctuating and decreasing period, and obvious slowing down period. The agricultural carbon emissions of Jilin Province's cities and prefectures are generally high in the middle and low in the east and west. Based on the Kaya carbon emission identity, it is found that the factors affecting agricultural carbon emissions decomposed from 1990 to 2013 contribute 83.63% 25.54% of carbon emission reduction respectively to efficiency factors and structure factors. The agricultural economy and labor force have produced a cumulative carbon increment of 18.3.13% 26.04% respectively. The policy suggestions for promoting carbon emission reduction in agriculture in Jilin Province are as follows: to formulate a low-carbon agriculture development plan, to strengthen policies, to support and guide the finance, to establish a low carbon agricultural consciousness and to highlight the transformation of agricultural production mode. Intensive and efficient use of agricultural resources to promote agricultural carbon emission reduction technology research and development and application of 6 aspects. At the same time, according to the characteristics of natural resources and agricultural carbon emissions in different regions of Jilin Province, the corresponding emission reduction suggestions are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S181;F327

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