本文選題：產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈 + 中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)�。� 參考：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：甘肅省是我國(guó)最主要的中藥材產(chǎn)區(qū)之一,中藥材種植面積和產(chǎn)量均居全國(guó)首位。中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)作為甘肅省重點(diǎn)扶持發(fā)展的特色優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè),其雄厚的資源優(yōu)勢(shì)造就了“千年藥鄉(xiāng)”和“西北藥都”的盛譽(yù),甘肅省也因此成為西北最大的中藥材種植、倉儲(chǔ)、加工基地和交易、信息、價(jià)格形成中心。然而,中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展過程中,產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈上游環(huán)節(jié)的“無標(biāo)生產(chǎn)”和“無規(guī)約束”行為的疊加加劇了“小農(nóng)戶”與“大市場(chǎng)”之間的矛盾,致使中下游環(huán)節(jié)難以形成對(duì)中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量管理。因此,全面把握中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)整體發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,總結(jié)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈運(yùn)營(yíng)模式,揭示產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈形成機(jī)理,測(cè)算不同模式運(yùn)營(yíng)效率以及對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈穩(wěn)定性運(yùn)行進(jìn)行科學(xué)評(píng)價(jià),成為當(dāng)前甘肅省中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的迫切需要。本研究以中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈為研究對(duì)象,選取隴西縣為調(diào)查區(qū)域,通過基線調(diào)查,對(duì)甘肅省中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展整體狀況、區(qū)域差異進(jìn)行全面分析概括,選取相關(guān)指標(biāo)對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力綜合評(píng)價(jià);基于ANT視角系統(tǒng)研究了中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈各參與主體的功能和地位,揭示了中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的形成機(jī)理;選取相關(guān)指標(biāo)對(duì)中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的不同模式運(yùn)營(yíng)效率比較測(cè)算;運(yùn)用結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型對(duì)中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈穩(wěn)定性影響因素進(jìn)行了科學(xué)測(cè)度與評(píng)價(jià)。得出以下結(jié)論:1.從產(chǎn)業(yè)環(huán)境、資源稟賦、產(chǎn)出水平和加工能力維度出發(fā)構(gòu)建了區(qū)域中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,運(yùn)用因子分析法對(duì)區(qū)域競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià)。結(jié)果顯示:(1)定西市、金昌市、甘南州和隴南市的綜合競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力位居前列,屬于優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)區(qū);臨夏州、慶陽市、武威市、張掖市、天水市和白銀市的綜合競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力較低,屬于次優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)區(qū);酒泉市、蘭州市和平?jīng)鍪须m然屬于欠優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)區(qū),但未來仍有較大的發(fā)展?jié)摿Α?2)要素稟賦是區(qū)域中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)條件;加工能力相對(duì)低下制約了中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的提升;(3)以產(chǎn)業(yè)扶持力度、區(qū)域開發(fā)強(qiáng)度和產(chǎn)業(yè)增值效應(yīng)等指標(biāo)為表征的發(fā)展能力因子權(quán)重最大,是影響中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)整體競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力最主要的因子。2.批發(fā)市場(chǎng)模式、合作社模式、第三方物流模式和公司模式是當(dāng)前中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈運(yùn)營(yíng)的主要模式。批發(fā)市場(chǎng)模式在運(yùn)行過程中雖然存在因信息不對(duì)稱而造成的“賣難買貴”現(xiàn)象,但作為傳統(tǒng)的運(yùn)營(yíng)模式,其存續(xù)時(shí)間較久,交易形式簡(jiǎn)單,是目前隴西中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈最主要的運(yùn)營(yíng)模式;公司模式作為中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的主流模式,在有效緩解了藥農(nóng)“賣難”困境的同時(shí),為其提供了技術(shù)支持,但其松散的組織化程度亟待進(jìn)一步提升。以合作社模式和第三方物流模式為代表的新型運(yùn)營(yíng)模式的出現(xiàn),不僅提高了中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的運(yùn)營(yíng)效率,為各參與主體帶來了極大便利,而且還降低了藥農(nóng)承擔(dān)的成本和風(fēng)險(xiǎn),但這兩種模式仍處于起步階段,未來的推廣和普及還需更多時(shí)間。3.運(yùn)營(yíng)效率是評(píng)價(jià)中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈模式效果的關(guān)鍵。選取運(yùn)營(yíng)成本、運(yùn)營(yíng)費(fèi)用率、運(yùn)營(yíng)利潤(rùn)率和生產(chǎn)者分得比率作為測(cè)量中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈運(yùn)營(yíng)效率的指標(biāo),通過測(cè)算分析可知:以運(yùn)營(yíng)成本和運(yùn)營(yíng)費(fèi)用率為測(cè)量指標(biāo)時(shí),合作社模式的運(yùn)營(yíng)效率最高;而當(dāng)以利潤(rùn)率為測(cè)量指標(biāo)時(shí),四種運(yùn)營(yíng)模式的利潤(rùn)率高低順序?yàn)?合作社模式(36.090%)批發(fā)市場(chǎng)模式(34.910%)第三方物流模式(34.182%)公司模式(25.2733%),合作社模式的運(yùn)營(yíng)效率最高。以生產(chǎn)者分得比率為測(cè)算指標(biāo)時(shí),批發(fā)市場(chǎng)模式、第三方物流模式、合作社模式和公司模式分別為48.892%、49.560%、53.634%、58.470%,公司模式的生產(chǎn)者分得比率最高,批發(fā)市場(chǎng)模式最低。從藥農(nóng)角度看,公司模式是實(shí)現(xiàn)藥農(nóng)增收的最佳模式。4.依托“穩(wěn)定性”思想,構(gòu)建中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈穩(wěn)定性評(píng)價(jià)影響指標(biāo)體系,運(yùn)用結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型進(jìn)行實(shí)證發(fā)現(xiàn),供求關(guān)系不確定性是影響中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行的關(guān)鍵;雖然利益分配不對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈穩(wěn)定性產(chǎn)生直接影響,但價(jià)格波動(dòng)、利益分配和外部環(huán)境彼此相互影響。政府、銀行和保險(xiǎn)公司的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)共管和損失共擔(dān)機(jī)制不僅有利于中藥材質(zhì)量保障,同時(shí)有助于產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的穩(wěn)定、有序運(yùn)營(yíng)。
[Abstract]:Gansu province is one of the most important Chinese medicine producing areas in China. The planting area and production of Chinese medicinal materials are the first in the country. The Chinese medicinal materials industry is the characteristic advantage industry of the key support and development in Gansu province. Its abundant resource advantages bring up the reputation of "Millennium township" and "Northwest medicine capital", and Gansu province has become the largest Chinese medicine in the northwest. In the course of the development of Chinese medicinal materials industry, the superposition of "no standard production" and "unregulated" behavior in the upstream link of the industrial chain aggravates the contradiction between "small farmer" and "big market" in the upstream link of the industrial chain, which causes the middle and lower reaches link to form a chain of Chinese medicinal materials industry chain. Therefore, it is an urgent need to grasp the overall development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry, summarize the operation mode of the industrial chain, reveal the formation mechanism of the industrial chain, calculate the operating efficiency of different modes and evaluate the stability of the industrial chain, which has become an urgent need for the development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry in Gansu province. The research object, selected Longxi County as the survey area, through the baseline survey, comprehensive analysis and generalization of the overall situation of the development of Chinese medicine industry in Gansu Province, the regional difference, select the relevant index to the comprehensive evaluation of competitiveness; based on the ANT perspective system, the function and status of the Chinese medicinal materials industry chain are studied, and the industrial chain of Chinese medicinal materials is revealed. The relative indexes are selected to measure the operation efficiency of the different modes of Chinese medicine industry chain, and the influence factors of the stability of the Chinese medicinal materials industry chain are scientifically measured and evaluated by using the structural equation model. The following conclusions are drawn as follows: 1. from the industrial environment, resource endowment, production level and processing capacity dimension, the region is constructed. The evaluation index system of the competitiveness of the medicinal materials industry and the comprehensive evaluation of regional competitiveness by means of factor analysis show that: (1) the comprehensive competitiveness of Dingxi, Jinchang, Gannan and Longnan is in the forefront, which belongs to the dominant production area; the comprehensive competitiveness of Linxia, Qingyang, Wuwei, Zhangye, Tianshui and Baiyin is low. Jiuquan City, Lanzhou city and Pingliang city still have great potential for development in the future. (2) the factor endowment is the basic condition for the development of regional Chinese medicine industry; the relative low processing capacity restricts the promotion of the competitiveness of Chinese medicinal materials industry; (3) the strength of regional development and industrial increment with the support of industry. Effect and other indicators are the most important factor of development ability factor, which is the main factor affecting the overall competitiveness of Chinese medicinal materials industry.2. wholesale market model. The cooperative model, the third party logistics mode and the company model are the main modes of the current Chinese medicine industry chain operation. The phenomenon of "selling hard to buy expensive" is caused by symmetry, but as the traditional operation mode, its survival time is long and the form of transaction is simple. It is the main operation mode of the Longxi traditional Chinese medicine industry chain at present. As the mainstream mode of the development of Chinese medicine industry, the company model has effectively relieved the "difficult" dilemma of the drug farmers and provided the technology for it. The appearance of the new operation model represented by the cooperative mode and the third party logistics model not only improves the operation efficiency of the Chinese herbal medicine industry chain, but also brings great convenience to the participants, but also reduces the cost and risk of the drug farmers, but these two models. It is still in the initial stage, and the promotion and popularization of the future need more time for.3. operation efficiency is the key to evaluate the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine industry chain model. The operation cost, operating cost rate, operating profit rate and producer ratio are used as indicators to measure the operation efficiency of the Chinese medicine industry chain. The operation efficiency of the cooperative model is the highest when the cost rate is measured, and when the profit rate is measured, the order of the profit rate of the four operating modes is the cooperative model (36.090%) the wholesale market model (34.910%) the third party logistics model (34.182%) and the company model (25.2733%), and the operation efficiency of the cooperative model is the highest. The wholesale market model, the third party logistics model, the cooperative mode and the company model are 48.892%, 49.560%, 53.634% and 58.470% respectively, with the producer sharing ratio as the measurement index, and the proportion of producers in the company mode is the highest and the wholesale market model is the lowest. From the point of view of the drug farmers, the company model is the best mode to realize the increase of the income of the drug farmers,.4.. "Stability", construction of the impact index system of the stability evaluation of the industrial chain of Chinese medicinal materials, and using the structural equation model to find out that the uncertainty of supply and demand is the key to the stable operation of the industrial chain of Chinese medicinal materials; although the distribution of benefits is not directly affected by the stability of the industrial chain, the price fluctuation, the distribution of interests and the external ring are not affected. The risk sharing and loss sharing mechanism of government, banks and insurance companies is not only conducive to the quality assurance of Chinese medicine, but also to the stability and orderly operation of the industrial chain.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F326.12

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