本文選題：葡萄 + 一年兩熟��； 參考：《廣西大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文通過查閱文獻(xiàn)資料、實(shí)地調(diào)查、走訪農(nóng)戶、樣品收集、與政府有關(guān)業(yè)務(wù)部門專家座談和試驗(yàn)等方法,對大新縣一年兩熟葡萄種植業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及種植技術(shù)進(jìn)行調(diào)查研究,為如何利用當(dāng)?shù)貧夂虻乩韮?yōu)勢條件及雙季葡萄種植技術(shù)手段發(fā)展大新縣一年兩熟葡萄種植提供理論依據(jù)。調(diào)查研究結(jié)果表明：(1)廣西崇左市大新縣氣候溫和、雨量充沛、日照充足,非常適合熱帶亞熱帶植物生長,當(dāng)?shù)匕l(fā)展一年兩熟葡萄種植產(chǎn)業(yè)有較大優(yōu)勢,經(jīng)濟(jì)效益高。(2)葡萄產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展存在的問題：品種較為單一,發(fā)展速度慢；葡萄生產(chǎn)與甘蔗生產(chǎn)爭地的矛盾比較突出；政策支持力度不足,葡萄產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展以農(nóng)村自有力量為主；葡萄生產(chǎn)服務(wù)體系不健全；缺乏葡萄加工生產(chǎn)企業(yè)有效帶動；葡萄生產(chǎn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化程度較低,果品質(zhì)量有待提高。(3)針對的提出要解決產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展存在問題必須要當(dāng)?shù)卣c農(nóng)戶統(tǒng)一思想和明確思路,加快建立健全大新縣一年兩熟葡萄產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展規(guī)劃,狠抓工作落實(shí),利用科技推動葡萄生產(chǎn),實(shí)現(xiàn)一年兩熟葡萄標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn),不斷完善社會化服務(wù)體系,突出優(yōu)勢確保雙季葡萄產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。(4)根據(jù)對大新縣雙季葡萄主栽品種巨峰的試驗(yàn)研究表明：大新縣一年兩熟葡萄的果實(shí)品質(zhì)及質(zhì)量都非常優(yōu)良,特別是冬季果的品質(zhì)比夏季果要好,經(jīng)濟(jì)效益比較突出,如夏季果的單粒重8-11g,平均穗重為432g,含糖量16.6%,可溶性固形物為17.8%,畝產(chǎn)量1000kg左右；冬季果單粒重6-9g,平均穗重為313g,含糖量20.3%,可溶性固形物為18.9%,畝產(chǎn)量500kg左右。兩季果的色澤好,口感香甜。大新縣兩季葡萄的上市時間比全國葡萄上市時間早,夏季果一般在4-6元/斤,冬季果在5-8元/斤,經(jīng)濟(jì)效益遠(yuǎn)勝于原來種植的玉米和甘蔗等作物。(5)大新縣一年兩熟葡萄生產(chǎn)存在的問題是：雨水偏多,葡萄易感染霜霉病、炭疽病,易造成嚴(yán)重減產(chǎn),甚至絕收,迫使農(nóng)民大量用藥,從而增加成本,降低葡萄品質(zhì)。(6)解決這個問題的辦法是搭建塑料避雨棚,可以基本避免葡萄霜霉病和炭疽病兩大病害的嚴(yán)重危害。而搭建塑料避雨棚每畝增加投入6000-8000元,一般農(nóng)民投資困難,不愿意考慮該項(xiàng)技術(shù),難以推廣,建議政府相關(guān)部門出臺高效農(nóng)業(yè)的扶持補(bǔ)助政策,促進(jìn)大新縣葡萄產(chǎn)業(yè)的可持續(xù)性發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Based on the methods of literature review, field investigation, peasant household visit, sample collection, discussion and experiment with experts from relevant government departments, the present situation and planting technology of biannual grape planting in Daxin County were investigated and studied. It provides a theoretical basis for the development of double cropping grape planting in Daxin county by using the local climatic and geographical advantages and the technical means of double cropping grape planting. The results of the investigation show that Daxin County, Chongzuo City, Guangxi has a mild climate, abundant rainfall and ample sunshine, which is very suitable for the growth of tropical and subtropical plants. The problems of grape industry development are: single variety, slow development speed, prominent contradiction between grape production and sugarcane production, insufficient policy support, and the main development of grape industry in rural areas; The service system of grape production is not perfect, the grape processing and production enterprises are lack of effective drive, the degree of standardization of grape production is low, The quality of fruit needs to be improved. (3) in order to solve the existing problems in industrial development, the local government and farmers must unify their ideas and clear ideas, accelerate the establishment and improvement of the development plan of the twice-yearly grape industry in Daxin County, and pay close attention to the implementation of the work. Using science and technology to promote grape production, to achieve standardized production of biannual grapes, and to continuously improve the socialized service system, According to the experimental study on the main grape cultivar Jufeng in Daxin County, the results showed that the fruit quality and quality of double-cropping grape in Daxin County were very good. Especially, the fruit quality in winter is better than that in summer, and the economic benefit is more outstanding, such as the single grain weight of summer fruit is 8-11g, the average ear weight is 43.2 g, the sugar content is 16.6, the soluble solids is 17.8 per mu, and the yield 1000kg is about. In winter, the fruit weight per grain was 6-9g, the average ear weight was 313g, the sugar content was 20.3g, the soluble solids was 18.9g, and the yield per mu was about 500kg. Two season fruit color is good, taste sweet. In Daxin County, the time of grape market in two seasons was earlier than that in the whole country. The fruit in summer was usually 4-6 yuan / kg, and the fruit in winter was 5-8 yuan / jin. The economic benefits are far better than those of crops such as corn and sugar cane.) in Daxin County, the problems in the production of two-cropping grapes per year are: Rain Water is on the side, grapes are susceptible to downy mildew, anthracnose, and it is easy to cause serious reduction in production and even end of harvest. The way to solve this problem is to set up plastic shelter, which can basically avoid the serious harm of two major diseases of grape downy mildew and anthracnose. The construction of plastic shelters for rain shelter will increase the investment by 6,000 to 8,000 yuan per mu. The general farmers have difficulty in investing and are unwilling to consider the technology and it is difficult to popularize it. It is suggested that the relevant government departments issue a policy of supporting and subsidizing high-efficiency agriculture. Promote the sustainable development of grape industry in Daxin County.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F326.13

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