本文選題：科右中旗 + 精準扶貧　； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：迄今為止,貧困問題是世界上任何一個國家都會面臨的問題,也是任何一個國家都想徹底解決的一個難題。消除貧困,是全面建成小康社會的前提條件,是實現(xiàn)“中國夢”的本質(zhì)要求。自建國以來,特別是改革開放以來,經(jīng)過政府的不斷努力,中國農(nóng)村的貧困狀況得到明顯緩解,貧困率大幅下降。然而,由于歷史條件、自然條件等原因,還有一部分地區(qū)并沒有擺脫貧困。在新的時代背景下,貧困人口的分布也由上世紀八十年代的普遍式分布轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榧杏诶仙龠吀F地區(qū),扶貧任務(wù)任重而道遠。在傳統(tǒng)的扶貧模式難以應(yīng)對新時期貧困形式時,精準扶貧應(yīng)運而生。精準扶貧是指通過科學(xué)的識別機制對具體貧困人口進行精確識別并針對個體分析致貧原因,給予有針對性的扶貧措施,做到扶真貧,真扶貧。興安盟科爾沁右翼中旗(以下簡稱科右中旗)是內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)各旗縣中蒙古族比例最高的、少數(shù)民族聚居的一個旗,也是內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)區(qū)域貧困最為突出的地區(qū)之一。由于歷史原因、資源稟賦等情況,長期以來科右中旗一直處于貧困狀態(tài),是典型的“老少邊窮地區(qū)”。本文選取科右中旗作為研究對象,以人力資本理論、參與式發(fā)展理論、合作型反貧理論、貧困惡性循環(huán)理論為基礎(chǔ),通過問卷調(diào)查法了解到當?shù)鼐珳史鲐毠ぷ髦写嬖诘膯栴},并在此基礎(chǔ)之上,嘗試提出解決該問題的建議,旨在幫助當?shù)馗玫拈_展精準扶貧工作。在主體框架上,本文主要分為五個部分第一部分為引言,介紹了本論文研究背景與研究意義,簡單闡述了中國扶貧歷程,并介紹了與貧困相關(guān)的一些概念,例如貧困類型,現(xiàn)行國家的貧困標準,同時也介紹了精準扶貧的內(nèi)涵與相關(guān)的理論基礎(chǔ)。第二部分梳理并總結(jié)了國內(nèi)外對貧困的定義、測度、成因的文獻,同時也查閱和很多國內(nèi)有關(guān)精準扶貧的研究,包括與精準扶貧相關(guān)的問題、方法與實踐研究。第三部分則通過查閱文獻等相關(guān)資料的方法闡述了科右中旗在精準識別、產(chǎn)業(yè)幫扶、金融幫扶、教育扶貧、干部幫扶五個方面所采用的方法以及取得的成果。第四部分結(jié)合文獻與問卷調(diào)查等方法闡述了科右中旗在精準扶貧工作中筆者所調(diào)查的五個方面所產(chǎn)生的問題,包括精準識別過程中的主體與客體信息不對稱,產(chǎn)業(yè)幫扶中項目門檻過高、金融扶貧中漏出貧困戶、干部幫扶中對口資源分配不公等等。第五部分則結(jié)合第四部分中所了解到的問題,根據(jù)具體問題提出了相應(yīng)的改進措施。包括運用信息技術(shù),完善信息不對稱實現(xiàn)精準識別,通過發(fā)展特色產(chǎn)業(yè)、綠色產(chǎn)業(yè)、降低產(chǎn)業(yè)項目門檻來實施產(chǎn)業(yè)幫扶,通過發(fā)展職業(yè)教育完善教育扶貧,以及通過規(guī)范民間借貸,引入社會力量來完善金融扶貧等等。
[Abstract]:Up to now, poverty is a problem that any country in the world will face, and it is also a problem that any country wants to solve once and for all. Poverty eradication is the prerequisite for building a well-off society in an all-round way and the essential requirement for realizing Chinese Dream. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, especially since the reform and opening up, through the continuous efforts of the government, the poverty situation in China's rural areas has been significantly alleviated, and the poverty rate has dropped significantly. However, due to historical conditions, natural conditions and other reasons, there are still parts of the region has not escaped poverty. Under the background of the new era, the distribution of the poor population has also changed from the universal distribution in the 1980s to concentrated in the poverty-stricken areas of the old and the young, and the task of poverty alleviation is heavy and long. In the traditional poverty alleviation model is difficult to cope with the new era of poverty, precision poverty relief emerged as the times require. Precision poverty alleviation is to identify the specific poor population accurately through the scientific identification mechanism and to analyze the causes of poverty according to the individual, and to give targeted poverty alleviation measures to help the real poor and really help the poor. Horqin right-wing central flag of XingUNITA (hereinafter referred to as "Keyou Zhong Banner") is a flag with the highest proportion of Mongolian nationality in each flag county of Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, and is also one of the most poverty-stricken areas in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region. Due to historical reasons, resource endowment and other conditions, Keyongzhong Banner has been in a state of poverty for a long time, and is a typical "old and young border poor area". Based on the theories of human capital, participatory development, cooperative anti-poverty, and vicious circle of poverty, this paper chooses Keyong Zhongqi as the research object, and finds out the problems in the local precision poverty alleviation through questionnaire survey. On the basis of this, we try to put forward some suggestions to solve the problem, aiming to help the local people to better carry out the work of precision poverty reduction. In the main frame, this paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction, which introduces the research background and significance of this paper, briefly expounds the course of poverty alleviation in China, and introduces some concepts related to poverty, such as the type of poverty. The current national poverty standards, but also introduced the connotation of precision poverty and related theoretical basis. The second part summarizes the definition, measurement and cause of poverty at home and abroad. At the same time, it also looks up and many domestic research on precision poverty alleviation, including the problems, methods and practice of precision poverty alleviation. The third part elaborates the methods and achievements in the five aspects of precision identification, industry help, financial help, education poverty alleviation and cadre help through the methods of consulting literature and other relevant materials. In the fourth part, combined with the methods of literature and questionnaire, the author expounds the five problems that the author investigated in the work of precision poverty alleviation, including the asymmetric information between the subject and the object in the process of precision identification. The threshold of industrial assistance project is too high, the poor households in financial poverty alleviation, the unfair distribution of resources among cadres, and so on. The fifth part combines the problems in the fourth part, and puts forward the corresponding improvement measures according to the specific problems. Including the use of information technology, the improvement of information asymmetry to achieve accurate identification, through the development of characteristic industries, green industries, reduce the threshold of industrial projects to implement industrial support, through the development of vocational education to improve education poverty alleviation, And through the regulation of private lending, the introduction of social forces to improve financial poverty alleviation and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F323.8

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