本文選題：農(nóng)村貧困 + 貧困治理��； 參考：《南昌大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：精準(zhǔn)脫貧是貧困治理的關(guān)鍵部分,是精準(zhǔn)扶貧的導(dǎo)向、結(jié)果與升華,對(duì)于鞏固扶貧成果、實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)脫貧至關(guān)重要。中央出臺(tái)《關(guān)于打贏脫貧攻堅(jiān)決定》指出:2020年實(shí)現(xiàn)貧困人口全部脫貧、貧困縣和村“摘帽”、解決區(qū)域性貧困問題,使脫貧退出成為“十三五”扶貧攻堅(jiān)的重要戰(zhàn)略。當(dāng)前,各地展開了脫貧退出的現(xiàn)實(shí)探索,積累了精準(zhǔn)脫貧實(shí)施的寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)。但是,通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn),各地精準(zhǔn)脫貧機(jī)制運(yùn)行仍不理想,影響脫貧退出精準(zhǔn)度、真實(shí)度的因素仍然存在。例如在扶貧軍令狀的“壓力型體制”下容易誘發(fā)虛假脫貧、“一窩蜂”脫貧的難題、存在精準(zhǔn)脫貧實(shí)施操作不規(guī)范等問題。在脫貧攻堅(jiān)、全面建成小康社會(huì)背景下,精準(zhǔn)脫貧成為農(nóng)村扶貧戰(zhàn)略的最新表述與思路,也是確保脫貧真實(shí)性和有序性的現(xiàn)實(shí)選擇。文章從多個(gè)維度探尋了精準(zhǔn)脫貧實(shí)施機(jī)制的運(yùn)作邏輯與現(xiàn)實(shí)操作,考察了精準(zhǔn)脫貧各實(shí)現(xiàn)主體間功能的相互作用關(guān)系。從脫貧動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)、精準(zhǔn)脫貧保障機(jī)制、脫貧評(píng)估與監(jiān)督、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防機(jī)制等維度展開研究。選取江西、寧夏及贛南寧都縣作為個(gè)案調(diào)查對(duì)象。結(jié)合相關(guān)理論,解析精準(zhǔn)脫貧的運(yùn)行阻滯因素及精準(zhǔn)退出的運(yùn)行邏輯與實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),各地精準(zhǔn)脫貧實(shí)施運(yùn)作具有共性又有異質(zhì)性,差異性集中表現(xiàn)在脫貧退出標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的個(gè)性設(shè)置;共性主要表現(xiàn)在以國家脫貧銷號(hào)實(shí)施程序與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為藍(lán)本。認(rèn)為要提高脫貧精準(zhǔn)度,防范虛假脫貧,需要系統(tǒng)設(shè)置脫貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、構(gòu)建脫貧民主評(píng)議的發(fā)動(dòng)--參與機(jī)制、動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)脫貧及貧困程度,健全脫貧監(jiān)督與約束,避免虛假脫貧和無序脫貧。
[Abstract]:Precision poverty reduction is the key part of poverty management and the direction of precision poverty alleviation. The result and sublimation are very important to consolidate the poverty alleviation achievement and realize the sustainable poverty alleviation. The Central Committee issued the "decision on winning and overcoming Poverty" and pointed out: in 2020, all the poor people will be lifted out of poverty, and poor counties and villages will "take off their caps", solve regional poverty problems, and make poverty eradication and withdrawal an important strategy for the 13th Five-Year Plan. At present, various localities have launched the realistic exploration of poverty eradication and exiting, and accumulated valuable experience in the implementation of accurate poverty eradication. However, through the research, it is found that the mechanism of accurate poverty eradication is still not ideal, and the factors affecting the precision of poverty eradication and withdrawal are still existing. For example, it is easy to induce false poverty eradication under the "pressure-type system" issued by the pro-poor army, the difficult problem of "a swarm of people" to get rid of poverty, and the non-standard operation of accurate poverty eradication. Under the background of breaking out of poverty and building a well-off society in an all-round way, precision poverty eradication has become the newest expression and train of thought of poverty alleviation strategy in rural areas, and it is also a realistic choice to ensure the authenticity and order of poverty alleviation. This paper explores the operational logic and practical operation of the implementation mechanism of precision poverty eradication from multiple dimensions, and examines the interrelation between the functions of the various entities in the implementation of precision poverty eradication. From the aspects of anti-poverty motive system, accurate anti-poverty guarantee mechanism, anti-poverty evaluation and supervision, risk prevention mechanism and so on. Jiangxi, Ningxia and Ningdu county in south Jiangxi were selected as the case study objects. Combined with relevant theories, this paper analyzes the operational block factors of accurate poverty eradication and the logic and practical experience of precision exit. The study found that the implementation of accurate poverty reduction in various areas has the characteristics of commonality and heterogeneity, and the difference is concentrated in the individual setting of the standard of poverty eradication and exit; the commonality is mainly based on the implementation procedures and standards of the national poverty eradication and sales number. In order to improve the degree of anti-poverty accuracy and prevent false poverty eradication, it is necessary to set up the anti-poverty standard systematically, to construct the start-participation mechanism of anti-poverty democratic evaluation, to dynamically monitor the poverty eradication and the degree of poverty, and to improve the supervision and restriction of anti-poverty. Avoid false and disordered poverty relief.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F323.8

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