發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-24 08:02

  本文選題：循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè) + 家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)　； 參考：《河南財(cái)經(jīng)政法大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)業(yè)是國(guó)家發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè),為其他產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展提供必需的資源。家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)自2013年以來(lái)國(guó)家高度關(guān)注的新型經(jīng)營(yíng)主體之一,是我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)向現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)變的重要形式。河南省作為我國(guó)糧食生產(chǎn)核心區(qū),黃淮糧區(qū)無(wú)疑是核心中的核心,黃淮糧區(qū)作為農(nóng)產(chǎn)品主產(chǎn)區(qū),家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的不斷發(fā)展有利于加快黃淮糧區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程,有利于推進(jìn)農(nóng)村的改革發(fā)展,有利于促進(jìn)“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題的解決。本文利用農(nóng)戶發(fā)展理論、循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)理論和生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)等理論,采用調(diào)查研究、案例分析和描述性分析等方法對(duì)黃淮糧區(qū)種養(yǎng)一體的家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行細(xì)致的描述,并分析其發(fā)展過(guò)程中存在的問(wèn)題及成因,為種養(yǎng)一體型家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的發(fā)展提供理論和經(jīng)驗(yàn)上的支持。本文通過(guò)歸納分析兩種代表性的種植與養(yǎng)殖相結(jié)合的模式,對(duì)其發(fā)展中存在問(wèn)題及成因進(jìn)行梳理。分析中通過(guò)對(duì)兩種模式在規(guī)模、經(jīng)營(yíng)品種、循環(huán)模式的物質(zhì)流和價(jià)值流分析,物質(zhì)流方面得出兩種模式在輸入和輸出的物質(zhì)構(gòu)成上,“糧-菜(果)-食糧牲畜”循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)模式的物質(zhì)流失較少,生態(tài)效益比較明顯,符合農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展;價(jià)值流方面,通過(guò)分對(duì)總成本、總收入、成本利潤(rùn)率和經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)投比四個(gè)指標(biāo)得出“糧-菜(果)-食糧牲畜”循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)模式比“糧-食草牲畜”循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)模式的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益高,屬于高投入高產(chǎn)出,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避能力較強(qiáng)。最后對(duì)兩種模式家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)在糞便利用、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和技術(shù)采用等方面進(jìn)行比較分析。黃淮糧區(qū)種養(yǎng)一體化家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)間差異較大;土地權(quán)利與市場(chǎng)化程度較高的金融業(yè)不匹配;家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)者整體素質(zhì)偏低;對(duì)種養(yǎng)間的能量循環(huán)利用重視度較低,大多僅在傳統(tǒng)堆肥漚肥方式的基礎(chǔ)上稍作改良,仍與“3R”原則有較大差距。研究得出,種養(yǎng)結(jié)合家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的發(fā)展需要以下幾點(diǎn):第一,政府對(duì)于家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)進(jìn)行政策支持和財(cái)政投入;第二,農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)化服務(wù)水平的提高;第三,農(nóng)場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)者需要提升自我素質(zhì),重視產(chǎn)品特色、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量;第四,采用生態(tài)化設(shè)備,重視并發(fā)展循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)。本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)在于將家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)發(fā)展模式的問(wèn)題細(xì)化到種養(yǎng)一體型,更具有針對(duì)性,同時(shí),將生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)和循環(huán)發(fā)展融入到家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的發(fā)展中。本文的不足在于由于數(shù)據(jù)量較小,可能存在全面性不足的問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:Agriculture is the basic industry of national development, which provides necessary resources for the development of other industries. Since 2013, family farm has been one of the new management subjects, which is an important form of transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. Henan Province is the core area of grain production in our country, the Huanghuai grain area is undoubtedly the core of the core. As the main agricultural production area, the continuous development of family farms is conducive to speeding up the process of agricultural modernization in the Huang-Huai grain area. It is conducive to promoting the reform and development of rural areas and promoting the solution of the "three rural" problems. In this paper, the development theory of farmers, the theory of circular economy and the theory of ecological economics are used to describe the present situation of the family farm in Huanghuai grain area by means of investigation, case analysis and descriptive analysis. The problems and causes in the process of development are analyzed to provide theoretical and empirical support for the development of the integrated family farm. In this paper, two representative patterns of planting and breeding are summarized and analyzed, and the existing problems and causes of their development are combed out. By analyzing the material flow and value flow of the two models in terms of scale, operating variety, circulation mode and value flow, the material composition of the two models in terms of input and output is obtained in the analysis. The circulation agriculture model of "food and vegetable (fruit, vegetable, food and livestock)" has less material loss and obvious ecological benefits, which is in line with the sustainable development of agriculture. In the aspect of value stream, the total cost and total income are divided into two parts. The cost profit rate and the ratio of economic output to investment are four indexes. It is concluded that the circular agriculture model of "grain-vegetable (fruit and vegetable)" has higher economic benefits than that of "grain-herbivorous livestock", which belongs to high input and high output, and the ability of risk aversion is stronger than that of "grain-herbivorous livestock". Finally, the fecal utilization, product quality and technology of the two kinds of family farms were compared and analyzed. There are great differences among the family farms in the Huanghuai grain area; the financial industry with a high degree of land rights and marketization does not match; the overall quality of the family farm operators is low; and the energy recycling between planting and raising is less valued. Most of them are only slightly improved on the basis of traditional compost composting, and still have a big gap with the "3R" principle. The research shows that the development of family farm combined with planting and raising needs the following points: first, the government carries out policy support and financial investment to the family farm; second, the improvement of socialized service level of agriculture; third, Farm operators need to improve their own quality, pay attention to product characteristics and product quality; fourth, adopt ecological equipment, attach importance to and develop circular agriculture. The innovation of this paper is to refine the development model of family farm to the type of planting and raising, and at the same time, to integrate ecological economy and circular development into the development of family farm. The deficiency of this paper lies in the fact that the data amount is small and there may be the problem of comprehensive insufficiency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南財(cái)經(jīng)政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F324.1

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