本文選題：永嘉縣　切入點(diǎn)：飲水安全　出處：《浙江海洋大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：水是人類賴以生存不可或缺的物質(zhì),近些年來隨著我國工業(yè)化和城市化水平的快速提高,從普通公民到社會(huì)的其他各行各業(yè)均在不斷提高對(duì)供水的需求,因此保障農(nóng)村飲用水安全直接關(guān)系到農(nóng)民的生活和健康,同時(shí),也是全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的基本條件。由于我國農(nóng)村人口眾多、水資源短缺,農(nóng)村飲用水水質(zhì)、水量不達(dá)標(biāo)等等一系列問題,使我們不得不面對(duì)目前我國農(nóng)村飲用水存在的安全隱患問題。永嘉縣是我國浙江省南部的一個(gè)小縣城,其東部瀕臨東海,與工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)的溫州市區(qū)隔江相望。永嘉縣全縣總面積為2674.3平方公里,但山區(qū)眾多僅山地面積就達(dá)到2308.5平方公里,占總面積的80%以上,而平原面積卻只有265.0平方公里,河流湖泊數(shù)量少之又少,還不到總面積的20%,河流湖泊面積僅有100.8平方公里,所以人們用“八山一水一分田”來生動(dòng)形象地描述了永嘉縣目前各項(xiàng)資源的現(xiàn)狀。本文以永嘉縣農(nóng)村飲水安全為例,認(rèn)真闡述了農(nóng)村飲用水衛(wèi)生管理的相關(guān)理論體系,包括《生活飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB5749-2006)、農(nóng)村飲用水安全衛(wèi)生評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,以及闡述了科學(xué)發(fā)展理論、公共治理理論等。本文對(duì)永嘉縣農(nóng)村飲用水的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的調(diào)查,發(fā)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村供水普遍存在飲用水水質(zhì)達(dá)標(biāo)率不高、污染日益嚴(yán)重、供水不足以及安全管理不到位等突出問題。本文在全面分析每個(gè)問題的原因基礎(chǔ)上,借鑒國外發(fā)達(dá)國家對(duì)農(nóng)村飲水安全研究經(jīng)驗(yàn),再結(jié)合永嘉縣農(nóng)村飲用水的現(xiàn)狀和問題,提出進(jìn)一步完善科學(xué)改水的對(duì)策建議對(duì)策:政府監(jiān)管部門職能進(jìn)一步明確政府部門加大資金投入、加大監(jiān)督管理力度,發(fā)揮各自職能,同時(shí)要加強(qiáng)水源保護(hù),建立健全保護(hù)農(nóng)村水源地的法律法規(guī),進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村污水治理加強(qiáng)宣傳引導(dǎo),營造良好氛圍等,為永嘉縣農(nóng)村科學(xué)該是提供重要的參考。
[Abstract]:Water is an indispensable material for human survival. In recent years, with the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization in China, the demand for water supply has been increasing from ordinary citizens to other industries in society. Therefore, ensuring the safety of drinking water in rural areas is directly related to the life and health of farmers, and is also the basic condition for building a well-off society in an all-round way. Because of the large population in rural areas, the shortage of water resources, and the quality of drinking water in rural areas, A series of problems, such as substandard water volume, have forced us to face the potential safety problems existing in drinking water in rural areas. Yongjia County is a small county town in southern Zhejiang Province, and its eastern part is bordered on the East China Sea. Across the river from the industrially developed urban areas of Wenzhou, Yongjia County has a total area of 2,674.3 square kilometers, but the mountainous areas alone amount to 2308.5 square kilometers, accounting for more than 80% of the total area, while the plain area is only 265.0 square kilometers. The number of rivers and lakes is very small, less than 20 percent of the total area. The area of rivers and lakes is only 100.8 square kilometers. Therefore, people use "eight mountains, one water and one field" to vividly describe the present situation of various resources in Yongjia County. Taking Yongjia County as an example, this paper expounds the relevant theoretical system of drinking water sanitation management in rural areas. Including "Sanitary Standard of domestic drinking Water" (GB5749-2006), evaluation index system of drinking water safety in rural areas, scientific development theory and public governance theory, etc. The present situation of rural drinking water in Yongjia County is investigated in detail in this paper. It is found that there are some outstanding problems in rural water supply, such as low quality of drinking water, increasingly serious pollution, insufficient water supply and inadequate safety management, etc. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of the causes of each problem, Referring to the experiences of the developed countries in the study of drinking water safety in rural areas, and combining with the present situation and problems of drinking water in rural areas of Yongjia County, This paper puts forward some countermeasures to improve the scientific water reform: the functions of the government supervision department should be further defined, the government should increase the investment of funds, strengthen the supervision and management, exert their respective functions, and at the same time, strengthen the protection of water resources. Establishing and perfecting the laws and regulations to protect the rural water sources, further strengthening the rural sewage treatment, strengthening the propaganda and guidance, creating a good atmosphere, etc., which should provide an important reference for the rural science of Yongjia County.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S277.7;F323.213

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