發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-03 10:05

  本文選題：涪陵區(qū)　切入點(diǎn)：農(nóng)村　出處：《中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)是一項(xiàng)世界性的任務(wù)。我國(guó)的農(nóng)村扶貧工作經(jīng)過三十多年的努力,不僅解決了幾億貧困人口的溫飽問題,也極大地提高了貧困農(nóng)村地區(qū)的發(fā)展水平和貧困群眾的生活水平。但因我國(guó)人口基數(shù)大、貧困人口多、東西部與城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不平衡、貧困人口和地區(qū)的貧困原因與特點(diǎn)不一。所以,原來“大水滿貫”式的傳統(tǒng)扶貧模式,已經(jīng)不能較好的把握貧困地區(qū)和貧困人口的致貧原因、實(shí)際需要,造成了扶貧開發(fā)不能實(shí)現(xiàn)“真扶貧、扶真貧”的問題。因此,國(guó)家出臺(tái)了《關(guān)于創(chuàng)新機(jī)制扎實(shí)推進(jìn)農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)工作的意見》(中辦發(fā)[2013]35號(hào))明確提出了農(nóng)村扶貧實(shí)現(xiàn)精準(zhǔn)扶貧的要求。在精準(zhǔn)扶貧提出以來,各地按“扶貧到村到戶”和“扶真貧、真扶貧”的要求,積極推行了農(nóng)村精準(zhǔn)扶貧開發(fā)；雖然探索和實(shí)踐出了一些有效的經(jīng)驗(yàn),但也發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些問題。涪陵區(qū)作為重慶市市級(jí)貧困區(qū)縣和三峽庫區(qū)腹地,且具有‘大城市帶大農(nóng)村”特點(diǎn)的區(qū)縣,近2年來,按國(guó)家和重慶市的相關(guān)要求積極推進(jìn)了農(nóng)村精準(zhǔn)扶貧工作,并提出了在重慶市內(nèi)率先實(shí)現(xiàn)脫貧摘帽。本文就以涪陵區(qū)為例,在總結(jié)涪陵區(qū)近年來的農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)工作做法、經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn)的基礎(chǔ)上；特別是在準(zhǔn)確把握涪陵區(qū)農(nóng)村地區(qū)的貧困現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,認(rèn)真總結(jié)和分析涪陵區(qū)農(nóng)村精準(zhǔn)扶貧開發(fā)中農(nóng)村貧困地區(qū)和人口的貧困特點(diǎn)與原因、精準(zhǔn)扶貧的模式與經(jīng)驗(yàn)、精準(zhǔn)扶貧開發(fā)存在的問題。同時(shí),準(zhǔn)確把握涪陵區(qū)精準(zhǔn)扶貧現(xiàn)狀與存在的問題,并結(jié)合涪陵區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展提出了健全扶貧對(duì)象進(jìn)入與退出動(dòng)態(tài)管理機(jī)制、構(gòu)建政府主導(dǎo)的社會(huì)化扶貧主體體系、充分發(fā)揮地方企業(yè)優(yōu)勢(shì)走產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧道路、以教育培訓(xùn)提高扶貧對(duì)象的自主脫貧與發(fā)展能力、以農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)改善貧困村與貧困戶發(fā)展環(huán)境、發(fā)揮農(nóng)村社保等制度的兜底作用、健全扶貧考核機(jī)制等相應(yīng)的對(duì)策和建議。特別是在產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧方面,立足扶貧對(duì)象和涪陵區(qū)自身的產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展優(yōu)勢(shì)提出了分類別推行產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧的建議,即“利用涪陵區(qū)新大興等大型企業(yè)和超市,以“農(nóng)超對(duì)接”精準(zhǔn)幫扶近郊貧困戶；立足涪陵區(qū)煙草、榨菜產(chǎn)業(yè)優(yōu)勢(shì),以烤煙、榨菜種植精準(zhǔn)幫扶邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)貧困戶；利用‘增福土雞’等地方特產(chǎn),以養(yǎng)殖土雞精準(zhǔn)幫扶缺少勞力貧困戶；發(fā)揮‘大仙女山旅游區(qū)’輻射和帶動(dòng)鄉(xiāng)村旅游,精準(zhǔn)幫扶武陵山等山區(qū)貧困戶”,從而對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧與地方產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展緊密結(jié)合,使產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧更具有后續(xù)發(fā)展能力作了有益的思考。希望,本文將對(duì)涪陵區(qū)農(nóng)村精準(zhǔn)扶貧工作起到一定的推動(dòng)作用,同時(shí)為西部其他地區(qū)的農(nóng)村精準(zhǔn)扶貧工作提供參考和借鑒。
[Abstract]:Poverty alleviation and development in rural areas is a worldwide task. After more than 30 years of efforts, China's rural poverty alleviation work has not only solved the problem of food and clothing for hundreds of millions of poor people. It has also greatly improved the level of development in poor rural areas and the living standards of the poor. However, due to the large population base and the large number of poor people in China, the development of the eastern, western and urban economies is not balanced with that of the urban and rural areas. The causes and characteristics of poverty among the poor population and regions are different. Therefore, the original "great flood slam" pattern of traditional poverty alleviation has not been able to better grasp the causes of poverty in poor areas and poor people, and the actual needs. This has caused the problem that poverty alleviation and development cannot be realized. The State issued the "opinions on innovative mechanisms to promote the work of Poverty Alleviation and Development in Rural areas" (Zhongfa [2013] 35) clearly set forth the requirements for achieving precision poverty alleviation in rural areas. In accordance with the requirements of "helping the poor to the village to the household" and "helping the real poor, really helping the poor," various localities have actively promoted the development of accurate poverty alleviation in rural areas; although some effective experiences have been explored and practiced, However, some problems have also been found. Fuling District, as a poor county at the municipal level in Chongqing and the hinterland of the three Gorges Reservoir area, has the characteristics of "big cities with large rural areas". In the past two years, According to the relevant requirements of the state and Chongqing Municipality, it has actively promoted the rural precision poverty alleviation work, and has proposed to take the lead in realizing poverty eradication and hat removal in Chongqing. This paper, taking Fuling District as an example, summarizes the methods of rural poverty alleviation and development in Fuling District in recent years. On the basis of experience and lessons, especially on the basis of accurately grasping the present situation of poverty in rural areas of Fuling District, we should conscientiously sum up and analyze the characteristics and causes of poverty in rural poor areas and population in the accurate development of poverty alleviation in rural areas of Fuling District. The model and experience of precision poverty alleviation, the problems existing in precision poverty alleviation and development. At the same time, accurately grasp the current situation and existing problems of precision poverty alleviation in Fuling District. In combination with the economic and social development of Fuling District, the paper puts forward to improve the dynamic management mechanism of the object of poverty alleviation, to construct the main body system of socialized poverty alleviation led by the government, to give full play to the advantages of local enterprises and to take the road of industrial poverty alleviation. To improve the ability of poverty alleviation and development of poverty alleviation objects by education and training, to improve the development environment of poor villages and poor households by the construction of rural infrastructure, and to give play to the role of rural social security and other systems. Improving the evaluation mechanism of poverty alleviation and other corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. Especially in the aspect of industrial poverty alleviation, based on the poverty alleviation object and the industrial development advantage of Fuling District, the paper puts forward some suggestions on how to carry out industrial poverty alleviation by category. That is, "make use of large enterprises and supermarkets, such as Xindaxing, Fuling District, to help the poor families in the suburbs with the precision of" Peasant Chao docking ", base on the advantages of tobacco and pickle industry in Fuling District, and help the poor households in the remote areas with the help of flue-cured tobacco and pickled vegetables. By using local specialty products such as' increasing the welfare of local chickens'to help poor families who lack labor with precision in raising local chickens, giving full play to the radiation of the 'tourism area of Da Sian Nu Mountain' and promoting rural tourism, Helping poor families in mountain areas such as Wuling Mountain with precision, "thus closely integrating industrial poverty alleviation with local industrial development, and making industrial poverty alleviation more capable of subsequent development." This paper will play a certain role in promoting the rural precision poverty alleviation in Fuling district, and provide reference for other areas in western China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F323.8

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