本文關(guān)鍵詞： 棉花 節(jié)水灌溉 效益分析 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià) 新疆　出處：《新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：新疆位于干旱的內(nèi)陸地區(qū),全年氣候干燥,降雨較少,蒸發(fā)量大,其農(nóng)業(yè)特點(diǎn)是“荒漠綠洲、灌溉農(nóng)業(yè)”。因此,以節(jié)水灌溉技術(shù)示范為核心的高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)節(jié)水棉田建設(shè)項(xiàng)目是新疆優(yōu)質(zhì)棉基地建設(shè)的重要內(nèi)容之一。通過(guò)多年優(yōu)質(zhì)棉基地建設(shè),新疆節(jié)水棉田的建設(shè)規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大,棉花產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)大幅提高,對(duì)增加農(nóng)民收入和改善生態(tài)環(huán)境也產(chǎn)生了重要影響。農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水灌溉工程項(xiàng)目是關(guān)系水資源可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要基礎(chǔ)性項(xiàng)目,通過(guò)對(duì)該項(xiàng)目可行性方案的分析與評(píng)價(jià),對(duì)多種方案的選擇做出科學(xué)的評(píng)價(jià)。同時(shí)對(duì)項(xiàng)目中的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、社會(huì)效益、生態(tài)效益及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素進(jìn)行分析與評(píng)價(jià),論證節(jié)水灌溉項(xiàng)目的必要性和可行性,最大限度地避免風(fēng)險(xiǎn),提高投資效益,為項(xiàng)目可行性建設(shè)提供決策依據(jù)。本文以新疆國(guó)家農(nóng)作物原種場(chǎng)節(jié)水灌溉項(xiàng)目建設(shè)為例對(duì)棉花節(jié)水灌溉的選擇方法進(jìn)行綜合分析,對(duì)項(xiàng)目所涉及的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、社會(huì)效益、生態(tài)效益及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行指標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià),得出以下結(jié)論:1.通過(guò)構(gòu)建的效益分析與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系對(duì)國(guó)家原種場(chǎng)節(jié)水灌溉項(xiàng)目經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、社會(huì)效益、生態(tài)效益及可能存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素進(jìn)行定性與定量評(píng)價(jià),認(rèn)為該項(xiàng)目在經(jīng)濟(jì)上合理、技術(shù)上可行,具有良好的生態(tài)效應(yīng)。同時(shí)對(duì)項(xiàng)目的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素進(jìn)行評(píng)估,為項(xiàng)目可能出現(xiàn)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)做好應(yīng)對(duì)措施。2.通過(guò)對(duì)項(xiàng)目相關(guān)性進(jìn)行分析,該項(xiàng)目符合國(guó)家節(jié)水發(fā)展的方向,認(rèn)為該項(xiàng)目投資結(jié)構(gòu)合理,同時(shí)具有顯著的帶動(dòng)及指導(dǎo)作用,具有一定的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。項(xiàng)目盈虧平衡點(diǎn)(BEP)為49.42%,表明項(xiàng)目對(duì)市場(chǎng)的適應(yīng)能力較強(qiáng),具有一定的抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力。3.通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)家原種場(chǎng)節(jié)水灌溉項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行可行性分析,研究棉花節(jié)水的新選擇、新方向、新技術(shù),綜合評(píng)價(jià)棉花節(jié)水灌溉技術(shù)選擇的利弊。對(duì)可行性中技術(shù)方案、灌溉方式、設(shè)備的選型等建立定量與定性的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,通過(guò)對(duì)項(xiàng)目可行性方案的分析,對(duì)多種方案的選擇做出科學(xué)的評(píng)價(jià)。
[Abstract]:Xinjiang is located in arid inland area, with a dry climate, less rainfall and large evaporation. Its agricultural characteristics are "desert oasis, irrigated agriculture". The construction project of high standard water-saving cotton field based on demonstration of water-saving irrigation technology is one of the important contents of the construction of high-quality cotton base in Xinjiang. Through the construction of high-quality cotton base for many years, the construction scale of water-saving cotton field in Xinjiang has been continuously expanded. The increase in cotton yield and quality has also had an important impact on increasing farmers' income and improving the ecological environment. The agricultural water-saving irrigation project is an important basic project related to the sustainable development of water resources. Through the analysis and evaluation of the feasibility scheme of the project, a scientific evaluation of the selection of various schemes is made. At the same time, the economic benefit, social benefit, ecological benefit and risk factors in the project are analyzed and evaluated. To demonstrate the necessity and feasibility of water-saving irrigation projects, to avoid risks to the maximum extent and to improve investment efficiency. This paper, taking the construction of water-saving irrigation project of the national crop farm in Xinjiang as an example, comprehensively analyzes the selection method of water-saving irrigation for cotton, and makes a comprehensive analysis of the economic and social benefits involved in the project. The ecological benefit and risk were evaluated, and the following conclusions were drawn: 1. Through the benefit analysis and risk evaluation index system, the economic and social benefits of the water-saving irrigation project in the original seed farm of the country were studied. The ecological benefit and the possible risk factors are evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively. It is considered that the project is economically reasonable, technically feasible and has good ecological effect. At the same time, the risk factors of the project are evaluated. By analyzing the relativity of the project, the project accords with the direction of national water-saving development, and considers that the investment structure of the project is reasonable, and it has a significant driving and guiding role. It has certain social and economic benefits. The breakeven point of the project is 49.42, which indicates that the project has a strong adaptability to the market and has a certain ability to resist risks .3.Through analyzing the feasibility of water-saving irrigation project in the original national seed field, This paper studies the new choice, new direction, new technology of cotton water saving, and synthetically evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of cotton water saving irrigation technology selection. A quantitative and qualitative evaluation index system is established for the feasible technical scheme, irrigation method, equipment selection, etc. Through the analysis of the project feasibility scheme, scientific evaluation of the choice of various options is made.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S562;F323.213

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