本文關(guān)鍵詞： 森林資源—環(huán)境—經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)合系統(tǒng) 可持續(xù)發(fā)展 黑龍江國有林區(qū)　出處：《東北林業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)過半個多世紀(jì)的開發(fā)建設(shè),黑龍江重點國有林區(qū)為國家生產(chǎn)了大量木材產(chǎn)品,為國家經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、社會進(jìn)步做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。但同時林區(qū)社會陷入“資源危機、經(jīng)濟(jì)危困”的兩危境地,生態(tài)環(huán)境也隨之不斷惡化。從2014年4月1日起,國家對黑龍江省內(nèi)重點國有林區(qū)全面停止天然林商業(yè)性采伐。這意味著黑龍江國有林區(qū)發(fā)展到了十字路口,林區(qū)資源、經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會發(fā)展能否可持續(xù)發(fā)展成為我們必須回答的時代議題。因此,在黑龍江國有林區(qū)全面停止天然林商業(yè)性采伐、國有林區(qū)社會未來發(fā)展將發(fā)生重大轉(zhuǎn)變、林業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力受到嚴(yán)重挑戰(zhàn)、國有林區(qū)發(fā)展方向亟待回答之際,本文從黑龍江國有林區(qū)所擁有遼闊的林地資源、豐富的“綠色”林下經(jīng)濟(jì)資源和能提供社會需要的生態(tài)產(chǎn)品等全新視角出發(fā),重新審視評價黑龍江國有林區(qū)具有的可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力與水平,跳出傳統(tǒng)的以可采資源為主體評價國有林區(qū)可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力的制框,探求新形勢下國有林區(qū)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的思路與對策,以期為政府制訂國有林區(qū)經(jīng)營方針、改革方案提供理論支撐與政策建議。首先,本文在對國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有研究成果進(jìn)行梳理的基礎(chǔ)上,以可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論、復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)理論、生態(tài)學(xué)理論為基礎(chǔ),通過對黑龍江國有林區(qū)森林資源一環(huán)境一經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)合系統(tǒng)(FEES)情況實地調(diào)研、探查,搜集摸清了黑龍江國有林區(qū)各個林業(yè)局FEES的相關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù),并依據(jù)調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù),明確了黑龍江國有林區(qū)FEES的構(gòu)成,從耦合機理角度分析了黑龍江國有林區(qū)FEES各個子系統(tǒng)之間的關(guān)系。研究表明：黑龍江國有林區(qū)FEES可持續(xù)發(fā)展是以森林資源子系統(tǒng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展為基礎(chǔ),以經(jīng)濟(jì)子系統(tǒng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展為樞紐,以環(huán)境子系統(tǒng)發(fā)展為載體的動態(tài)耦合發(fā)展過程。其次,本文獨創(chuàng)地運用系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)解析模型和系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)原理相結(jié)合,分析了黑龍江國有林區(qū)EES的運行機理。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：構(gòu)成黑龍江國有林區(qū)FEES共有15條運行路徑,每條路徑都不同程度的影響著國有林區(qū)FEES及其子系統(tǒng)。而且,在森林資源子系統(tǒng)中,其核心因子是“森林采伐量”和“森林面積”,環(huán)境子系統(tǒng)核心因子是“氣候變化”,經(jīng)濟(jì)子系統(tǒng)的核心因子是“林業(yè)產(chǎn)值”和“林業(yè)科技”,同時得到“森林采伐量”和“林業(yè)產(chǎn)值”是FEES的核心因子。第三,依據(jù)黑龍江國有林區(qū)FEES的運行機理,通過向林業(yè)科研部門、高校和林業(yè)行政主管部門及基層林業(yè)科技推廣部門、企業(yè)部門的專家進(jìn)行咨詢,從森林資源、環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)三個維度確定了黑龍江國有林區(qū)FEES可持續(xù)發(fā)展的評價體系,并進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)評價。結(jié)果表明：黑龍江國有林區(qū)FEES可持續(xù)發(fā)展水平整體中等偏弱,正處于傳統(tǒng)發(fā)展向可持續(xù)發(fā)展的過渡階段。第四,首次在評價結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上,以FEES核心因子“森林采伐量”和“林業(yè)產(chǎn)值”為輸入變量,采用RBF神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)測方法分析了黑龍江國有林區(qū)FEES的未來發(fā)展走向。研究表明：在2020年,黑龍江國有林區(qū)FEES整體仍存在一定警情,黑龍江森工林區(qū)的40個林業(yè)局中,“巨警”占2.5%,“重警”占10%,“中警”占27.5%,“輕警”占32.5%,“無警”占27.5%。依據(jù)不同警情具體分析其存在的原因,指出需要針對不同的林業(yè)局及地區(qū)的警情特點,采取有針對性的解決措施。第五,首次提出從FEES的核心因子出發(fā),針對不同林業(yè)局FEES可持續(xù)發(fā)展的警情特點,分別構(gòu)建了“巨警”、“重警與中警”、“輕警”的對策體系。為了確保黑龍江國有林區(qū)FEES的可持續(xù)發(fā)展對策得以順利實施,構(gòu)建了FEES的可持續(xù)發(fā)展保障機制,該機制包括創(chuàng)新機制、多方協(xié)作機制、市場調(diào)節(jié)機制、區(qū)域環(huán)境宏觀調(diào)控機制和生態(tài)補償機制。
[Abstract]:After more than half a century of development and construction, Heilongjiang key state-owned forest produce large wood products for the country, for the development of the national economy and made a great contribution to social progress. But at the same time in the society into "resource crisis, economic crisis" two danger, ecological environment has been deteriorating. From April 1, 2014 onwards, the country to stop comprehensive commercial logging of natural forests of key state-owned forest in Heilongjiang province. This means that the Heilongjiang state-owned forestry development to the crossroads, forest resources, economic and social development, sustainable development has become the era of question we must answer. Therefore, full stop commercial logging of natural forests in Heilongjiang state forest, state forest social development will be a major change the future, sustainable forestry development is facing serious challenge, the state-owned forest development direction to be answered on the occasion, from the state of Heilongjiang The region has vast forest resources, rich green forest can provide economic resources and social needs of ecological products such as new perspective, re-examine the sustainable development ability and level evaluation of Heilongjiang state owned forest region has, to jump out of the traditional mining resources as the main evaluation of sustainable development of state-owned forest system frame. Ideas and Countermeasures for the sustainable development of state-owned forest exploration under the new situation, in order for the government to establish the state-owned forest management policy, to provide theoretical support and policy recommendations for reform. First, based on the domestic and foreign existing research results on carding, take the sustainable development theory, complex system theory, ecology theory as a foundation, through the the Heilongjiang state owned forest resources environment economy compound system (FEES) field research, exploration, collect out each state-owned forest in Heilongjiang The basic data related to Forestry Bureau FEES, and on the basis of the survey data, the FEES of Heilongjiang state owned forest region, from the angle of the coupling mechanism analysis of the relationship between FEES and Heilongjiang state owned forest region of each subsystem. The study shows that the sustainable development of state-owned forest in Heilongjiang FEES is based on the sustainable development of forest resources subsystem based on the sustainable development of economy the subsystem as the hub, with the development environment subsystem for the dynamic coupling development carrier. Secondly, this paper innovatively applies the principle of the structural analysis of system dynamics model and system integration, analyzes the operation mechanism of Heilongjiang state owned Forest Region of EES. The study found: FEES Heilongjiang state owned forest region a total of 15 running paths, each path is different the degree of influence of state-owned forest FEES and its subsystems. Moreover, the forest resources in the system, the core factor is the forest harvest volumes "And" forest area ", the environment subsystem is the core factor of" climate change ", the core factor of economic subsystem is" forestry output value "and" forestry science and technology ", and" deforestation "and" forestry output value "is the core factor of FEES. Third, according to the operation mechanism of FEES in Heilongjiang state owned forest region. According to the forestry scientific research departments, universities and administrative departments of forestry and forestry science and Technology Extension Department, business department experts for consultation, the environment of the forest resources, and the three dimensions of economic FEES was determined in Heilongjiang state owned forest region sustainable development evaluation system, and the corresponding evaluation. The results show that the level of sustainable development of the state-owned forest area FEES Heilongjiang overall medium weak, is in transition from traditional development to sustainable development. In fourth, for the first time on the basis of the evaluation results, the forest harvesting FEES core factor" "And" forestry output value "as the input variables, using RBF neural network prediction method to analyze the future development trend of FEES in Heilongjiang state owned forest region. The results show that: in 2020, FEES Heilongjiang state owned forest region there are still some overall alarm, 40 Forestry Bureau of Heilongjiang forest industry, the" giant police "accounted for 2.5%." "police" in police "accounted for 10%, accounted for 27.5%, accounting for 32.5%," light warning "" no warning "for 27.5%. alarm according to different specific analysis of the reasons for its existence, pointed out the need for alarm features of Forestry Bureau and different regions, will take measures targeted solutions. Fifth, put forward for the first time from the core factor of FEES, according to police intelligence characteristics of different forestry sustainable development FEES, were constructed by the" giant police "," police and police "," light warning countermeasure system ". In order to ensure the Sustainable Development Countermeasures of Heilongjiang FEES state-owned forest A sustainable development guarantee mechanism for FEES is successfully implemented. The mechanism includes innovation mechanism, multi party cooperation mechanism, market adjustment mechanism, regional environmental macro control mechanism and ecological compensation mechanism.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F326.2

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