本文關鍵詞：退耕還林、非農(nóng)就業(yè)與農(nóng)民增收——基于21省面板數(shù)據(jù)的雙重差分分析　出處：《經(jīng)濟研究》2017年04期 　論文類型：期刊論文

  更多相關文章： 退耕還林 非農(nóng)就業(yè) 農(nóng)民增收 傾向得分匹配 雙重差分

【摘要】：退耕還林工程實施的最初目的在于遏制水土流失,但因同時影響農(nóng)戶收入和就業(yè)方式而具有經(jīng)濟效應。本文利用2006—2010年間國家統(tǒng)計局貧困監(jiān)測調查數(shù)據(jù),旨在評估退耕還林在農(nóng)民增收、非農(nóng)就業(yè)和扶貧開發(fā)等方面的政策效果。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),首先,退耕還林后,包括退耕還林補貼在內的農(nóng)民收入與退耕還林前相比有所增長,但如果不計退耕還林補貼,農(nóng)戶退耕后非農(nóng)收入的增長剛好彌補因耕地減少而導致的收入損失,增收效果暫不明顯;其次,從整體來看,退耕還林補貼主要集中于低收入農(nóng)戶,因此明顯降低了農(nóng)村居民收入的不平等程度;再次,在退耕后農(nóng)戶的就業(yè)取向上,不同收入群體之間存在顯著差異,高收入農(nóng)戶傾向于從事林牧漁業(yè)經(jīng)營活動,而中等收入農(nóng)戶傾向于外出務工,差異的產(chǎn)生與人群組間的內在特征有關;此外,工程暫且無法吸引退耕村非退耕戶從事非農(nóng)就業(yè),帶動效應不顯著;最后,項目的脫貧效果隨貧困標準的不同而存在差異,總體而言,脫貧效果顯著。盡管農(nóng)戶增收主要來源于退耕補貼,但考慮其生態(tài)保護效應、非農(nóng)就業(yè)促進效應、收入分配效應以及扶貧效應,退耕還林工程應當予以持續(xù)。在此過程中,如何促使退耕戶實現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定的非農(nóng)就業(yè),避免退耕戶復墾是制度完善的關鍵。
[Abstract]:The initial purpose of the project is to curb soil erosion. However, it has economic effect because of the influence of farmers' income and employment mode. This paper uses the survey data of poverty monitoring of the National Bureau of Statistics from 2006 to 2010 to evaluate the income of farmers in returning farmland to forestry. The study found that, first of all, after returning farmland to forestry, the income of farmers, including subsidies for returning farmland to forests, increased compared with that before returning farmland to forests. However, if the subsidy for returning farmland to forest is excluded, the increase of non-agricultural income of farmers after returning farmland can make up for the loss of income caused by the decrease of cultivated land, and the effect of income increase is not obvious for the time being; Secondly, from the overall point of view, subsidies for returning farmland to forests are mainly concentrated on low-income farmers, so the income inequality of rural residents is obviously reduced. Thirdly, there are significant differences among different income groups in the employment orientation of farmers after returning farmland. High income farmers tend to engage in forestry, pastoral fishery management activities, while middle income farmers tend to go out to work. The differences are related to the internal characteristics of the population groups. In addition, the project is unable to attract non-returning households to engage in non-agricultural employment for the time being, and the driving effect is not significant. Finally, the poverty alleviation effect of the project is different with the different poverty standards. In general, the poverty relief effect is remarkable. Although the farmers' income mainly comes from the subsidy of returning farmland, the ecological protection effect is considered. Non-agricultural employment promotion effect, income distribution effect and poverty alleviation effect, the project of returning farmland to forest should be sustained. In the process, how to promote the returning of farmland households to achieve stable non-agricultural employment. The key to the perfection of the system is to avoid reclaiming farmland.
【作者單位】： 中國人民大學財政金融學院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金項目(“尋找縮小我國居民收入差距的最有效手段”,項目編號:71473257)的資助
【分類號】：F249.2;F323.6;F326.2
【正文快照】： 一、引言 改革開放30余年,中國經(jīng)歷著深遠的社會變革,盡管經(jīng)濟總量持續(xù)高速增長,但同時也暴露出諸多問題,環(huán)境惡化、資源枯竭、收入分配不均等問題制約著中國經(jīng)濟、社會的進一步發(fā)展。其中生態(tài)問題尤為尖銳,災害頻發(fā)、水土流失、土地沙化、肥力下降,影響到百姓生活的方方面面

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本文編號：1425748