發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-12-31 09:01

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：激勵(lì)性耕地保護(hù)制度研究　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 耕地保護(hù) 外部性 激勵(lì) 制度構(gòu)建

【摘要】：從我國1950年第一部土地法頒布至今,我國已經(jīng)逐步形成了以禁限性管制為中心的耕地保護(hù)法律體系,并對(duì)我國耕地的保護(hù)發(fā)揮了無可比擬的作用。但是,時(shí)至今日,以禁限性管制為中心的耕地保護(hù)法律體系的弊端卻日益顯露,我國目前城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程中大量存在的耕地拋荒、農(nóng)民棄地等現(xiàn)象即是明證。究其原因,我國已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷三十多年的改革開放,市場已經(jīng)成為社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的主要推動(dòng)力量,成為國家進(jìn)行資源配置的主要手段,而禁限性管制往往與市場主體逐利的“經(jīng)濟(jì)人”本質(zhì)相違,自然導(dǎo)致管制的功效不彰。同時(shí),從世界發(fā)達(dá)國家的耕地保護(hù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)來看,一個(gè)重視耕地保護(hù),致力提高耕地保護(hù)效率的政府,更側(cè)重于利用激勵(lì)手段保護(hù)耕地。因此,引入激勵(lì)性耕地保護(hù)制度,不僅是迎合市場經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的需求,克服我國禁限性耕地保護(hù)制度的弊端的必然選擇;更是充分調(diào)動(dòng)耕地保護(hù)主體的積極性,提高耕地保護(hù)效率的必然選擇。本文力圖從激勵(lì)性耕地保護(hù)制度的內(nèi)涵出發(fā),以外部性理論和公共產(chǎn)品理論為基礎(chǔ),論證引入激勵(lì)性耕地保護(hù)制度的合理性與必然性,并通過對(duì)我國耕地保護(hù)制度歷史與現(xiàn)狀的梳理,指出我國耕地保護(hù)制度存在的問題,從而在“激勵(lì)”的邏輯框架下,有針對(duì)性的構(gòu)建符合中國國情的激勵(lì)性耕地保護(hù)制度,提高耕地保護(hù)主體保護(hù)耕地的積極性,遏制農(nóng)民拋荒棄地及耕地非農(nóng)利用的趨勢,實(shí)現(xiàn)保護(hù)耕地的最終目的。本文出去引言和結(jié)語外,共包括四個(gè)部分,約3萬5千字:第一部分,激勵(lì)性耕地保護(hù)制度的界定。從激勵(lì)的內(nèi)涵出發(fā),通過對(duì)激勵(lì)性耕地保護(hù)制度的涵義、內(nèi)容的界定,為進(jìn)一步的理論分析界定范圍。第二部分,激勵(lì)性耕地保護(hù)制度的理論基礎(chǔ)。本部分主要通過對(duì)外部性理論、公共產(chǎn)品理論的介紹,指明對(duì)耕地保護(hù)進(jìn)行激勵(lì)的原因就在于耕地存在巨大的外部效益,并且,這種外部效益是一種公共產(chǎn)品,而激勵(lì)正是政府促進(jìn)外部性的內(nèi)部化,實(shí)現(xiàn)耕地外部效益的充分供給,促進(jìn)耕地保護(hù)目的實(shí)現(xiàn)的重要途徑。第三部分,我國耕地保護(hù)制度的歷史沿革及其問題的實(shí)證分析。該部分通過對(duì)建國以來耕地保護(hù)領(lǐng)域相關(guān)法律法規(guī)的梳理,提煉出“禁限性耕地保護(hù)制度”和“激勵(lì)性耕地保護(hù)制度”在我國相關(guān)政策、法規(guī)中的具體表現(xiàn),并以此為基礎(chǔ),指出現(xiàn)行耕地管制制度所存在的激勵(lì)問題,從而為進(jìn)一步的理論構(gòu)建和制度革新提供基點(diǎn)。第四部分,激勵(lì)性耕地保護(hù)制度的構(gòu)建。該部分通過對(duì)國內(nèi)以及國外相關(guān)制度的借鑒,構(gòu)建具有中國特色的農(nóng)業(yè)地役權(quán)制度,從而完善農(nóng)村土地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度;創(chuàng)建耕地保護(hù)基金制度,并針對(duì)耕地占用稅和農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充完善,完整的構(gòu)建符合我國國情和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r的激勵(lì)性耕地保護(hù)制度,從而順利實(shí)現(xiàn)外部性的內(nèi)部化,實(shí)現(xiàn)耕地保護(hù)的最終目的。
[Abstract]:From 1950 China's first land law issued so far, China has gradually formed with the restriction of control as the center of the legal system of cultivated land protection, and protection of cultivated land in China has played the role of There is nothing comparable to this. But today, with the restriction of control as the center of the cultivated land protection protection legal system has defects increasingly, there are a lot of abandoned land in our country at present in the process of urbanization, farmers abandoned such phenomenon is the proof. The reason, China has experienced thirty years of reform and opening up, the market has become the main driving force of social and economic operation, the main means to become the national allocation of resources, and the restriction of the main body of the market and regulation often profit "economic man" essence contrary, naturally leads to control effect not obvious. At the same time, the cultivated land protection from the experience of developed countries in the world, a great importance to the protection of arable land, to improve farming The protection efficiency of the government is more focused on the use of incentives to protect cultivated land. Therefore, the introduction of incentive system of cultivated land protection, is not only to meet the needs of the market economy, the inevitable choice of our country to overcome the restriction of the drawbacks of the system of cultivated land protection; is to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the cultivated land protection body, improve the inevitable choice of cultivated land the protection efficiency. This paper starts from the connotation of incentive farmland protection system, the externality theory and public goods theory, demonstrates the rationality and necessity of introducing the incentive system of the protection of cultivated land, and through the history and current situation of China's arable land protection system combing, pointed out the existence of China's arable land protection system problems. Thus in the logical framework of "incentive", the incentive system of cultivated land protection to construct Chinese conditions, improve the protection of cultivated land area subject to protect farmland, curb The trend of farmers abandoned land and non-agricultural land use, to achieve the ultimate goal of cultivated land protection. This paper out the introduction and conclusion, consists of four parts, about 30 thousand and 5 words: the first part, the definition of incentive system for protecting farmland. Starting from the connotation of incentive, the incentive of cultivated land protection system in the meaning of the content the definition, scope for further theoretical analysis. In the second part, the theoretical basis of incentive system for protecting farmland. This part mainly through the externality theory, public goods theory, pointed out the reasons for the protection of arable land is farmland incentive has great external benefit and external benefit, this is a kind of public product however, incentive is the government to promote the internalization of externalities, the full supply of external benefits of cultivated land, an important way to promote the protection of arable land to achieve the purpose of the third part, China's cultivated land An empirical analysis of the history and problems of nursing system. This part of the farmland protection areas since the founding of the relevant laws and regulations of the sort, refine the restriction of land protection system "and" incentive farmland protection system in our country related policies and regulations in the specific form, and on this basis, point out the incentive problems for farmland control system, so as to provide the basis for further theoretical construction and system innovation. The fourth part, the construction of incentive system for protecting farmland. This part through to the domestic and foreign related system, build a system of agricultural Chinese characteristics of the easement, in order to improve the rural land property rights system; create the cultivated land protection fund system, and for the farmland occupation tax and agricultural subsidies to complement construction to conform to the development situation of China's national conditions and economic incentive to protect farmland complete The system can realize the internalization of the externality smoothly, and realize the ultimate aim of the protection of cultivated land.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F323.211

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8 夏s，

本文編號(hào)：1359071