【摘要】：自1995年國(guó)家發(fā)出大力發(fā)展民族旅游的號(hào)召以來(lái),民族旅游獲得長(zhǎng)足發(fā)展。民族旅游是經(jīng)濟(jì)外殼文化內(nèi)涵的產(chǎn)業(yè),作為一種跨民族、跨文化的社會(huì)行為,文化互動(dòng)給民族地區(qū)的社會(huì)文化帶來(lái)的影響已日益凸顯。從跨文化的視角出發(fā)研究民族旅游是近年來(lái)的一個(gè)新趨向,但研究大多局限于“文化傳播”這一視角,尚無(wú)專(zhuān)門(mén)的文章對(duì)接觸民族文化間的互動(dòng)做系統(tǒng)深入的探討。 本文從跨文化交流著手,在閘述跨文化交流相關(guān)理論的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)民族旅游與跨文化交流的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了論述,歸納出民族旅游跨文化交流的特點(diǎn)；通過(guò)參與跨文化交流范疇、民族旅游跨文化交流的內(nèi)容和模式、影響民族旅游跨文化交流的障礙因素等方面的論述、闡釋和分析,對(duì)民族旅游跨文化交流過(guò)程進(jìn)行了解析；分析了民族旅游跨文化交流的積極影響和消極影響；從跨文化旅游者和民族旅游日的地雙向主體出發(fā)提出了民族旅游跨文化交流的調(diào)適和管理措施；最后通過(guò)民族旅游跨文化交流的案例研究,提出了相應(yīng)的建議。 本研究得出的結(jié)論有： (1)民族旅游與跨文化交流有著天然的耦合關(guān)系,民族旅游跨文化交流具有直接體驗(yàn)性、靈活自主性和表層理解性的特點(diǎn)。 (2)民族旅游跨文化交流的順利與否主要受文化差異的影響,但旅游者諸如定勢(shì)與偏見(jiàn)、民族中心主義的個(gè)性心理因素和交流雙方所處的交際情境也是影響的重要因素。 (3)民族旅游跨文化交流一方面產(chǎn)生諸如促進(jìn)民族旅游目的地的對(duì)外交流、為民族文化的發(fā)展提供備選方案、促進(jìn)民族文化的“自醒”以及擴(kuò)大民族文化的生存空間等積極影響同時(shí),另一方而也引發(fā)了民族劣勢(shì)心理或排外情緒以及由于情景化場(chǎng)域的消失導(dǎo)致民族文化成為“文化孤島”的消極影響。 (4)跨文化旅游者提高文化適應(yīng)能力和自控能力以及民族旅游目的地加強(qiáng)對(duì)旅游者的文化關(guān)懷、積極發(fā)展民族文化旅游、加強(qiáng)民族文化的傳承和保護(hù)是民族旅游跨文化交流順利實(shí)現(xiàn)的有效措施。
[Abstract]:Since 1995, the state issued a call to vigorously develop ethnic tourism, ethnic tourism has made great progress. Ethnic tourism is an industry with the connotation of economic shell culture. As a kind of cross-ethnic and cross-cultural social behavior, the influence of cultural interaction on the social culture in ethnic areas has become increasingly prominent. The study of ethnic tourism from the perspective of cross-culture is a new trend in recent years, but most of the studies are limited to the perspective of "cultural communication". There is no special article to make a systematic and in-depth discussion on the interaction between ethnic cultures. Starting from cross-cultural communication, this paper discusses the relationship between ethnic tourism and cross-cultural communication on the basis of the related theories of cross-cultural communication, and sums up the characteristics of cross-cultural communication of ethnic tourism. Through the discussion of participating in the category of cross-cultural communication, the content and mode of cross-cultural communication of ethnic tourism, and the obstacles affecting cross-cultural communication of ethnic tourism, this paper explains and analyzes the process of cross-cultural communication of ethnic tourism. This paper analyzes on the positive and negative effects of cross-cultural communication of ethnic tourism, and puts forward some measures for the adjustment and management of cross-cultural communication of ethnic tourism from the perspective of cross-cultural tourists and the two-way subject of ethnic tourism day. Finally, through the case study of cross-cultural exchange of ethnic tourism, the corresponding suggestions are put forward. The conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) there is a natural coupling relationship between ethnic tourism and cross-cultural communication, and the cross-cultural communication of ethnic tourism has the characteristics of direct experience, flexible autonomy and surface understanding. (2) the success of cross-cultural communication of ethnic tourism is mainly affected by cultural differences, but tourists such as stereotyping and prejudice, the personality psychological factors of ethnocentrism and the communication situation between the two sides are also important factors. (3) Cross-cultural exchanges of ethnic tourism, on the one hand, give rise to foreign exchanges such as promoting the destination of ethnic tourism and provide options for the development of national culture, To promote the "self-awakening" of national culture and to expand the living space of national culture, at the same time, On the other hand, it also leads to the psychology of national inferiority or exclusion, as well as the negative influence of national culture becoming a "cultural island" due to the disappearance of the situational field. (4) to improve the cultural adaptability and self-control of cross-cultural tourists, as well as to strengthen cultural care for tourists in ethnic tourism destinations, and to actively develop ethnic cultural tourism, Strengthening the inheritance and protection of national culture is an effective measure for the smooth realization of cross-cultural exchanges of ethnic tourism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F592.7

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