發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-02 12:58

  本文選題：生產(chǎn)線自動化 + 自動化收益分析　； 參考：《蘇州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：這些年中國的人工成本上升很快,從而導(dǎo)致了國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)制造企業(yè)成本壓力大幅度上升,這給很多的企業(yè)帶來了生存壓力。很多制造型企業(yè)開始探索生產(chǎn)線的自動化之路,期望以機(jī)器生產(chǎn)逐漸替代人工生產(chǎn),以應(yīng)對逐年上升的人工成本。但是生產(chǎn)線的自動化改造投資很大,并不是能隨意而為之。首先要明確產(chǎn)線自動化升級的收益的來源和計(jì)算方法。其次還需要考慮到資金的時(shí)間成本,通過內(nèi)部收益率和凈現(xiàn)值兩個值來評價(jià)這個項(xiàng)目是否值得投資。這樣才能對產(chǎn)線值不值得做自動化改造項(xiàng)目,做多大規(guī)模的改造項(xiàng)目有個量化的判斷。本文采用案例分析的方法,選擇M公司一條餅干生產(chǎn)線自動化改造作為研究案例。案例項(xiàng)目通過對比M公司國外產(chǎn)線,以及訪談M公司項(xiàng)目的資深技術(shù)經(jīng)理,得到各個工段改造方案;通過與國內(nèi)外多家產(chǎn)線自動化設(shè)備供應(yīng)商洽談,得到產(chǎn)線各個工段的自動化改造的投資額;通過與M公司市場部門與運(yùn)營部門同事的訪談,得到此條產(chǎn)線未來產(chǎn)量的預(yù)測與人工成本,從而推算出項(xiàng)目改造后的收益。掌握了這條生產(chǎn)線各個工段自動化改造的成本和收益情況后,我們將所有工段的改造方案排列組合,得到35組方案組合。通過計(jì)算對比這35組方案的內(nèi)部收益率和凈現(xiàn)值,只有包裝工段的自動化改造能達(dá)到財(cái)務(wù)上的要求。而其中一次包裝二次包裝工段的組合方案,是在滿足公司財(cái)務(wù)要求的下的最大凈現(xiàn)值,從長遠(yuǎn)看能給公司帶來最大利益。而單獨(dú)做禮盒裝盒工段的國產(chǎn)自動化改造方案內(nèi)部收益率最高。結(jié)合M公司最近投資策略,我們選擇禮盒裝盒工段進(jìn)行自動化改造。從研究的結(jié)果看,對于一條餅干生產(chǎn)線,人工使用較多的包裝工序是自動化改造首先考慮的。而使用性價(jià)比高的國產(chǎn)設(shè)備的方案可以帶來更高內(nèi)部收益率。在技術(shù)條件成熟的情況下,國產(chǎn)設(shè)備包裝自動化是首選。本文也為其他類似有做產(chǎn)線自動化需求的企業(yè)提供了可借鑒的研究方法。
[Abstract]:In recent years, labor costs in China have risen rapidly, which has led to a sharp rise in the cost pressure of domestic manufacturing enterprises, which has brought survival pressure to many enterprises. Many manufacturing enterprises begin to explore the road of production line automation and hope to replace manual production with machine production gradually in order to cope with the rising labor cost year by year. But the automation transformation of production line investment is very large, can not be done at will. First of all, it is necessary to clarify the source and calculation method of the income of the automation upgrade of the production line. Second, it is necessary to consider the time cost of capital and evaluate whether the project is worth investing through the internal rate of return and the net present value. Only in this way can there be a quantitative judgment on whether the production line is worth the automation project and how large the project is. In this paper, an automatic transformation of biscuit production line in M Company is selected as a case study. By comparing M Company's foreign production lines and interviewing senior technical managers of M Company's projects, the case project obtains the transformation plans of each section, and through negotiations with domestic and foreign suppliers of domestic and foreign production lines automation equipment, Through the interview with colleagues of market department and operation department of M Company, the forecast and labor cost of the future output of this production line are obtained, and the income of the project after transformation is calculated. After mastering the cost and benefit of the automatic transformation of each section of the production line, we arrange and combine the transformation schemes of all the sections, and get 35 groups of project combinations. By calculating and comparing the internal rate of return and the net present value of the 35 groups of schemes, only the automatic transformation of the packing section can meet the financial requirements. The combination scheme of once packaging and secondary packing section is the maximum net present value under meeting the financial requirements of the company, which can bring the company the greatest benefit in the long run. And the domestic automatization reconstruction plan which makes the gift box packing section alone has the highest internal rate of return. Combined with M Company's recent investment strategy, we choose gift box packing section for automation transformation. From the research results, for a biscuit production line, the manual use of more packaging procedures is the first consideration of automatic transformation. The use of high cost-to-performance domestic equipment can bring a higher internal rate of return. In the case of mature technical conditions, domestic equipment packaging automation is the first choice. This paper also provides reference research methods for other similar enterprises with the need of manufacturing line automation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F426.82;F406.7

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本文編號：2090201