本文選題：發(fā)電企業(yè) + 運營效率��； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：“十二五”期間,我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會快速發(fā)展,全社會用電需求不斷增加,隨著內(nèi)外部發(fā)展環(huán)境的快速變化,發(fā)電企業(yè)的經(jīng)營管理面臨著前所未有的挑戰(zhàn)。同時,作為我國溫室氣體排放大戶,發(fā)電行業(yè)必將成為推進(jìn)節(jié)能減排、貫徹我國可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的工作重點。在此背景下,發(fā)電企業(yè)傳統(tǒng)的運營評價機制已難以與國家的低碳發(fā)展要求相兼容,也難以充分反映發(fā)電企業(yè)經(jīng)營生產(chǎn)的現(xiàn)實情況。因此實現(xiàn)我國發(fā)電企業(yè)的跨越式戰(zhàn)略發(fā)展,將低碳要素納入發(fā)電企業(yè)運營評價體系,設(shè)計新的評價方法已經(jīng)成為目前熱門的研究方向。 發(fā)電企業(yè)的運營效率評價與傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)企業(yè)不同,由于發(fā)電企業(yè)的主營業(yè)務(wù)是發(fā)電生產(chǎn),因此發(fā)電企業(yè)的運營效率評價中必須包含對發(fā)電企業(yè)生產(chǎn)能力的分析評價。另一方面,發(fā)電企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營活動還包括對各項資金的獲取與使用,從而獲取利潤的過程,因此經(jīng)營效率評價也是必需的。通過運營效率評價,能夠綜合反映發(fā)電企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營管理情況,制定符合發(fā)電企業(yè)實際情況的優(yōu)化改進(jìn)策略,因此運營效率評價將成為提高本企業(yè)的經(jīng)營管理水平,增強企業(yè)綜合競爭力的重要手段之一。 本文首先給出發(fā)電企業(yè)運營效率的概念范疇,分析發(fā)電企業(yè)運營效率與傳統(tǒng)的技術(shù)效率、經(jīng)營效率與經(jīng)濟(jì)效率之間的區(qū)別,在綜合分析各類評價方法的基礎(chǔ)上重點研究數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析方法的適用性,從發(fā)電生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營管理、低碳發(fā)展三個角度分析了低碳背景下發(fā)電企業(yè)的運營現(xiàn)狀；其次構(gòu)建了以財務(wù)指標(biāo)為核心,輔以發(fā)電生產(chǎn)指標(biāo),兼容低碳發(fā)展指標(biāo)的運營效率評價指標(biāo)體系,并將指標(biāo)分為輸入指標(biāo)與輸出指標(biāo),提出了指標(biāo)預(yù)處理的方法；再次,構(gòu)建數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析評價初級模型,針對初級模型易受到數(shù)據(jù)極值影響、未區(qū)分指標(biāo)正負(fù)向等缺陷,對模型進(jìn)行改進(jìn),并運用鞍點算法,將具體數(shù)據(jù)帶入模型進(jìn)行計算,驗證模型的科學(xué)性與合理性；最后,針對發(fā)電企業(yè)目前存在的問題,提出低碳背景下發(fā)電企業(yè)優(yōu)化運營策略。
[Abstract]:During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, with the rapid development of our country's economy and society, the demand for electricity in the whole society is increasing. With the rapid changes of the internal and external development environment, the management of power generation enterprises is facing unprecedented challenges. At the same time, as a large greenhouse gas emitter in China, the power generation industry will become the focus of promoting energy saving and emission reduction and carrying out the strategy of sustainable development in China. In this context, the traditional operation evaluation mechanism of power generation enterprises has been difficult to be compatible with the low-carbon development requirements of the country, and it is difficult to fully reflect the reality of power generation enterprises' operation and production. Therefore, it has become a hot research direction to realize the leapfrog strategic development of power generation enterprises in our country, to incorporate low-carbon elements into the operation evaluation system of power generation enterprises and to design new evaluation methods. The operational efficiency evaluation of power generation enterprises is different from that of traditional manufacturing enterprises. Because the main business of power generation enterprises is generation production, the analysis and evaluation of power generation enterprises' productive capacity must be included in the operation efficiency evaluation of power generation enterprises. On the other hand, the production and management activities of power generation enterprises also include the acquisition and use of various funds, thus the process of obtaining profits, so the evaluation of operation efficiency is also necessary. Through the operation efficiency evaluation, it can comprehensively reflect the production and management situation of the power generation enterprise, and make the optimization and improvement strategy in accordance with the actual situation of the power generation enterprise. Therefore, the operation efficiency evaluation will become the improvement of the management level of the enterprise. One of the important means to enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of enterprises. This paper first gives the concept category of power generation enterprise operation efficiency, analyzes the difference between power generation enterprise operation efficiency and traditional technology efficiency, operation efficiency and economic efficiency. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of all kinds of evaluation methods, the applicability of data envelopment analysis method is emphatically studied, and the operation status of power generation enterprises under low carbon background is analyzed from three angles of power generation production, management and low-carbon development. Secondly, the operating efficiency evaluation index system, which takes the financial index as the core, is supplemented by the power generation production index and is compatible with the low-carbon development index, is constructed, and the index is divided into the input index and the output index, and the pre-processing method of the index is put forward. The primary model of data envelopment analysis is constructed. The primary model is easily influenced by the data extremum, and the index is not distinguished, so the model is improved, and the saddle point algorithm is used to carry out the calculation. Finally, aiming at the existing problems of power generation enterprises, the optimization strategy of power generation enterprises under the low carbon background is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F406.7;F426.61

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本文編號：1967356