本文選題：生物質(zhì)發(fā)電 + 生命周期�。� 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國經(jīng)濟在政策、資金、技術(shù)及人才等資源支撐下,取得了跨越式的進(jìn)步并呈現(xiàn)出較大的發(fā)展?jié)摿�。然�?在無限風(fēng)光背后,日益顯化和激化的環(huán)境問題成為了經(jīng)濟、社會發(fā)展進(jìn)程的制約因素。電力行業(yè)在我國占據(jù)著舉足輕重的地位,是保障其他行業(yè)順利運營和發(fā)展的先行軍。但由于我國傳統(tǒng)能源消費結(jié)構(gòu)的根深蒂固,電力行業(yè)已然成為污染排放大戶。我國不斷推進(jìn)綠色發(fā)展進(jìn)程,以電力行業(yè)作為環(huán)境治理突破口具有立竿見影的效果。在諸多綠色清潔電力中,生物質(zhì)發(fā)電具有廣闊發(fā)展前景和重要戰(zhàn)略價值。然而,由于燃料供應(yīng)充足性欠佳、建設(shè)運營成本高等瓶頸因素,我國生物質(zhì)發(fā)電步履維艱,任重而道遠(yuǎn)。 為了凸顯生物質(zhì)發(fā)電的優(yōu)勢空間并推動其崛起進(jìn)程,本文基于環(huán)境視角,在概述環(huán)境成本和環(huán)境效益理論框架的基礎(chǔ)上,采用生命周期分析法測算了生物質(zhì)發(fā)電的環(huán)境成本和替代環(huán)境效益。測算結(jié)果表明,生物質(zhì)發(fā)電具有較強的環(huán)境外部經(jīng)濟性。在現(xiàn)有估算數(shù)據(jù)和情景下,25MW秸稈直燃發(fā)電系統(tǒng)環(huán)境成本約為3180.1564萬元／年。秸稈直燃發(fā)電替代火力發(fā)電的環(huán)境效益約為0.4743元/kWh。 本文研究視角具有較強的前沿性和價值性。一方面,探究生物質(zhì)發(fā)電環(huán)境成本為豐富環(huán)境會計理論注入了新鮮“血液”,彰顯了其理論價值。另一方面,測算環(huán)境成本為進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化生物質(zhì)發(fā)電提供了新思路和突破口。測算替代環(huán)境效益有利于擴大生物質(zhì)發(fā)電優(yōu)勢空間,為國家制定合理化的生物質(zhì)電價、財政補貼以及稅收減免等政策提供數(shù)據(jù)支持,具有積極的現(xiàn)實意義。
[Abstract]:Supported by policies, funds, technologies and talents, China's economy has made leap-forward progress and presented great potential for development. However, behind the boundless scenery, the increasingly obvious and intensified environmental problems have become the constraints of the economic and social development process. Electric power industry plays an important role in our country and is the leading force to guarantee the smooth operation and development of other industries. However, because of the deep-rooted traditional energy consumption structure, the electric power industry has become a major polluter. Our country promotes the green development process unceasingly, takes the electric power industry as the environmental treatment breakthrough has the immediate effect. Biomass power generation has broad development prospects and important strategic value in many green clean power systems. However, because of the poor fuel supply and the bottleneck factors such as high construction cost, biomass power generation in China has a long way to go. In order to highlight the advantages of biomass power generation and promote its rising process, based on the environmental perspective, this paper summarizes the theoretical framework of environmental costs and environmental benefits. The environmental cost and substitute environmental benefit of biomass power generation were calculated by life cycle analysis method. The results show that biomass power generation has strong environmental external economy. The environmental cost of 25MW straw direct-fired power generation system is about 31.801564 million yuan per year under the existing estimation data and scenarios. The environmental benefit of replacing thermal power by direct burning of straw is about 0.4743 yuan / kWh. The perspective of this paper has strong vanguard and value. On the one hand, exploring the environmental cost of biomass power generation has injected fresh "blood" into the theory of rich environmental accounting, which demonstrates its theoretical value. On the other hand, the calculation of environmental cost provides a new idea and breakthrough for further optimization of biomass power generation. The calculation of alternative environmental benefits is beneficial to expand the advantage space of biomass power generation, and provide data support for the country to formulate reasonable biomass electricity price, financial subsidy, tax relief and other policies, which has positive practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.61;F406.72

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本文編號：1952129