本文選題：國際工程項目物流　切入點：項目組織結(jié)構(gòu)　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展，各國之間的交流不斷加強，國際貿(mào)易業(yè)務(wù)日趨頻繁。在當(dāng)今的國際貿(mào)易中，除常規(guī)的貨物貿(mào)易之外，國際工程項目也占據(jù)了重要的地位，并為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。這就使得物流，特別是國際物流的地位和作用越來越重要。而國際工程項目物流作為物流的一種模式，以其特殊的服務(wù)目的、較強的專業(yè)特性、極高的時限要求、有限的可利用資源以及較高的成本費用等特點更加具有復(fù)雜性。 AP公司作為工業(yè)氣體和特殊氣體及相關(guān)設(shè)備、功能材料等的主要供應(yīng)商之一，以其“現(xiàn)場供氣”的服務(wù)方式占領(lǐng)市場，成為世界第四大工業(yè)氣體及相關(guān)設(shè)備的供應(yīng)商�！艾F(xiàn)場供氣”業(yè)務(wù)是為了滿足客戶的長期需求，在客戶指定的場所為其設(shè)計、建造、控制和操作一個空氣分離工廠。而在每一個空氣分離工廠的建設(shè)過程中，國際工程項目物流都起著不可或缺的作用，其是否能夠在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)、利用有限的成本預(yù)算和人力資源來完成項目所需設(shè)備、貨物的國際和國內(nèi)運輸，直接關(guān)系到項目是否能夠順利完成。 本文以AP公司為研究背景，結(jié)合國際工程項目物流的相關(guān)知識，對AP公司目前國際工程項目物流所存在的問題進(jìn)行深入分析，并給出了優(yōu)化策略。在時間控制方面，分別對AP公司的項目組織結(jié)構(gòu)、運輸時間控制和清關(guān)時間控制進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化，，使各部門的職責(zé)更加清晰，更便于管理。依據(jù)提前期控制方法，對AP公司國際工程項目物流的運輸時間進(jìn)行分析和優(yōu)化。依據(jù)時間窗原理，通過項目要求的到貨時間倒推物流運作時間，將AP公司國際工程項目物流的時間窗進(jìn)行了設(shè)置，并對AP公司國際工程項目物流的清關(guān)時間進(jìn)行了內(nèi)、外部優(yōu)化。在成本控制方面，引入事前控制、事中控制和事后控制的概念，分別從稅費成本、清關(guān)成本、運輸成本、避免額外費用四個方面進(jìn)行分析，重點應(yīng)用層次分析法對AP公司的貨代進(jìn)行了評估，有助于AP公司對貨代的管理和成本的控制。在質(zhì)量控制方面，重點分析和深入研究了大件貨物內(nèi)陸運輸?shù)脑瓌t、捆綁加固方案和安全保障措施，確保AP公司國際工程項目所涉及的貨物及設(shè)備能夠完好的運輸?shù)巾椖楷F(xiàn)場。 本文期望通過對AP公司國際工程項目物流的優(yōu)化策略來達(dá)到節(jié)約成本、提高效率的目的，使AP公司的國際工程項目物流能夠更好的支持公司的國際工程項目，最終使得AP公司在國際市場上更具競爭力。同時，期望本文能夠給予相關(guān)企業(yè)的國際工程項目物流一定的借鑒和參考價值。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the world economy, the exchange between countries has been strengthened, and the international trade business is becoming more and more frequent. In today's international trade, in addition to the conventional trade in goods, international engineering projects also occupy an important position. It makes a great contribution to the development of the world economy. This makes the position and function of logistics, especially international logistics, more and more important. As a model of logistics, international engineering project logistics has its special service purpose. The characteristics of strong specialty, high time limit, limited available resources and high cost are more complicated. AP Company, as one of the main suppliers of industrial gas, special gas and related equipment, functional materials and so on, occupies the market with its "on-site gas supply" service. Become the world's 4th largest industrial gas and related equipment suppliers. "on-site gas supply" business is to meet the long-term needs of customers, in a customer-designated place for its design, construction, Control and operation of an air separation plant. International project logistics plays an indispensable role in the construction of each air separation plant, and whether it can be done within a specified time, The use of limited cost budget and human resources to complete the project required equipment, goods international and domestic transport, directly related to the project can be completed successfully. In this paper, with AP company as the research background, combined with the relevant knowledge of international engineering project logistics, the problems existing in AP company's current international engineering project logistics are deeply analyzed, and the optimization strategy is given. The project organization structure, transportation time control and customs clearance time control of AP Company are optimized respectively, so that the responsibilities of each department are clearer and easier to manage. This paper analyzes and optimizes the transportation time of AP company's international engineering project logistics. According to the principle of time window, the time window of AP company's international engineering project logistics is set up by pushing back the time of logistics operation through the arrival time required by the project. In terms of cost control, the concepts of pre-control, in-process control and after-control are introduced, respectively, from the cost of taxes and fees, customs clearance costs, transportation costs, etc. Four aspects of avoiding additional costs are analyzed, and the evaluation of AP's freight forwarders is focused on using AHP, which is helpful to AP's management and cost control of freight forwarders. In terms of quality control, The principles of inland transportation of large goods are analyzed and studied in detail, and the bundled reinforcement scheme and safety measures are put forward to ensure that the goods and equipment involved in the international engineering project of AP Company can be transported to the site of the project in good condition. This paper hopes to achieve the goal of saving cost and improving efficiency by optimizing the logistics strategy of international engineering project of AP Company, so that the logistics of international engineering project of AP Company can better support the international project of the company. At the same time, it is expected that this paper can give some reference and reference value to the related enterprises in the international engineering project logistics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F426.92;F253.7

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