城鎮(zhèn)污水處理排放標準改革的費效分析
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-04 06:44
【摘要】：從費用效果角度對提高城鎮(zhèn)污水處理排放標準的科學性和可實施性進行探討,利用污染源普查數(shù)據(jù),通過城鎮(zhèn)污水治理投資和運行函數(shù)的構(gòu)建,計算不同處理規(guī)模和排放標準下的污水處理投資和運行費用,在全國層面上計算提高污水處理排放標準所需費用和污染物的減排效果.研究表明:污水處理廠的投資和運行費用的增加隨著污水處理規(guī)模的增加而遞減.以污水處理廠正常運行率70%來計算,日處理能力在2.0×103～5.0×105t·d-1左右的污水處理廠,若將污水排放標準從二級標準升級為一級標準,增加的投資成本在623～323元·d-·1t-1,若不計設備的折舊費,增加的運行成本在0.20～0.11元·t-1之間;若按照減排的效果提升到一級B的排放標準估算,每增加一萬元的投入,可新增污染物COD減排量1.21～2.25t,新增氨氮的減排量0.51～0.95t,新增總磷的減排量60.3～112.3kg.
[Abstract]:From the point of view of cost effect, this paper discusses how to improve the scientificity and practicability of urban sewage treatment and discharge standard, and makes use of the general survey data of pollution sources, through the construction of investment and operation function of urban sewage treatment. The investment and operating cost of sewage treatment under different treatment scale and discharge standard are calculated, and the cost of improving sewage treatment discharge standard and the emission reduction effect of pollutants are calculated at the national level. The results show that the increase of investment and operation cost of sewage treatment plant decreases with the increase of wastewater treatment scale. If the sewage treatment plant with a daily treatment capacity of about 2.0 脳 10 ~ 3N 5.0 脳 10 ~ 5t ~ (d-1) is calculated by 70% normal operation rate, the sewage discharge standard is upgraded from the second class standard to the first class standard. The increased investment cost is 623 ~ 323 yuan d- 1t ~ (-1). If the depreciation cost of the equipment is not taken into account, the increased operating cost is between 0.20 ~ 0.11 yuan / t ~ (-1). If the emission reduction effect is raised to the emission standard of first class B, the emission reduction amount of COD and ammonia nitrogen can be increased by 1.21 ~ 2.25 t and 0.51t / 0.95t for every 10, 000 Yuan input, respectively. The emission reduction of total phosphorus was increased by 60.3 kg / kg or 112.3kg.
【作者單位】： 環(huán)保部環(huán)境規(guī)劃院;中國人民大學環(huán)境學院;
【基金】：水污染控制戰(zhàn)略與決策支持平臺研究(No.2008ZX07631-02-03)~~
【分類號】：X703;X196
[Abstract]:From the point of view of cost effect, this paper discusses how to improve the scientificity and practicability of urban sewage treatment and discharge standard, and makes use of the general survey data of pollution sources, through the construction of investment and operation function of urban sewage treatment. The investment and operating cost of sewage treatment under different treatment scale and discharge standard are calculated, and the cost of improving sewage treatment discharge standard and the emission reduction effect of pollutants are calculated at the national level. The results show that the increase of investment and operation cost of sewage treatment plant decreases with the increase of wastewater treatment scale. If the sewage treatment plant with a daily treatment capacity of about 2.0 脳 10 ~ 3N 5.0 脳 10 ~ 5t ~ (d-1) is calculated by 70% normal operation rate, the sewage discharge standard is upgraded from the second class standard to the first class standard. The increased investment cost is 623 ~ 323 yuan d- 1t ~ (-1). If the depreciation cost of the equipment is not taken into account, the increased operating cost is between 0.20 ~ 0.11 yuan / t ~ (-1). If the emission reduction effect is raised to the emission standard of first class B, the emission reduction amount of COD and ammonia nitrogen can be increased by 1.21 ~ 2.25 t and 0.51t / 0.95t for every 10, 000 Yuan input, respectively. The emission reduction of total phosphorus was increased by 60.3 kg / kg or 112.3kg.
【作者單位】： 環(huán)保部環(huán)境規(guī)劃院;中國人民大學環(huán)境學院;
【基金】：水污染控制戰(zhàn)略與決策支持平臺研究(No.2008ZX07631-02-03)~~
【分類號】：X703;X196
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