本文關(guān)鍵詞：新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)與新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的比較及綜合：交易組織制度分析，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

        本文是一項(xiàng)考察經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)問(wèn)題基本分析方法的基礎(chǔ)理論研究。主要集中于對(duì)交易方式、交易組織和交易制度進(jìn)行新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的比較及綜合研究。在社會(huì)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域特別是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)中對(duì)交易方式、交易組織和制度已有大量的研究,上個(gè)世紀(jì)七八十年代新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的蓬勃發(fā)展更是將關(guān)于交易組織和制度的研究推向了新的高度。不過(guò),新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)對(duì)這一問(wèn)題的研究在基本方法論、研究主線和邏輯方法等理論構(gòu)件上既有相同點(diǎn)又有區(qū)別。對(duì)于交易組織和制度的已有分析,經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)絕大多數(shù)研究的視角集中于企業(yè)和市場(chǎng),而只有較少的研究涉及家庭或家族,社會(huì)學(xué)的研究主要是從社會(huì)交往和網(wǎng)絡(luò)的角度去研究家庭,側(cè)重于將其作為社會(huì)組織細(xì)胞的社會(huì)功能。但是,家庭或家族作為精神情感交流的場(chǎng)所,它在不同歷史階段和不同的國(guó)家地區(qū)一直都具有經(jīng)濟(jì)交易的組織功能,而且在不同的法律體系完善程度以及不同的文化傳統(tǒng)和社會(huì)規(guī)范的情況下,家庭作為經(jīng)濟(jì)組織形式發(fā)揮的作用也不盡相同。本文力圖通過(guò)新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)基本方法論和理論體系的比較及綜合,嘗試構(gòu)建綜合的理論分析框架——交易組織制度分析,在對(duì)交易組織制度的研究上,將家庭、企業(yè)以及市場(chǎng)等作為交易組織形態(tài)和規(guī)制制度納入一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的、整合的分析框架中去。理論綜合是針對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)共同關(guān)注的研究對(duì)象,嘗試建構(gòu)一種能夠在理論上闡述經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會(huì)關(guān)系,又能對(duì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)事實(shí)有比較好解釋力的理論框架。要進(jìn)行這樣的嘗試,首先要尋求一些基本分析概念,它們反映經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)關(guān)系,并且包含微觀行動(dòng)因素和宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)因素,這些基本概念能使宏微觀因素分析能夠在一種綜合的基本方法論的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合起來(lái)。所以,本文的研究思路和邏輯是:從已有理論和經(jīng)驗(yàn)事實(shí)中抽象出作為理論研究的基本概念;從這些概念的界定中得到微觀分析與宏觀分析相結(jié)合,綜合分析經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會(huì)關(guān)系的基本理論構(gòu)件;然后,通過(guò)對(duì)新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)方法論的比較和綜合,建立這些基本概念和理論構(gòu)件之間的邏輯關(guān)系;最后,通過(guò)對(duì)決定交易組織制度建立以及交易組織內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的產(chǎn)生、變化和互動(dòng)關(guān)系的分析,初步建構(gòu)起一種綜合的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)分析方法,即交易組織制度分析。在這一過(guò)程中,建構(gòu)整合性的方法論處于核心地位。本文從考慮微觀層面?zhèn)�人行為假定的中間層次分析出發(fā),綜合新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的研究方法考察在文化信念因素等非正規(guī)制度的影響下社會(huì)交易方式和制度的形成和變遷,以及既有社會(huì)交易結(jié)構(gòu)和交易方式的占優(yōu)——被占優(yōu)關(guān)系對(duì)文化信念演化的影響。另外,也將從歷史的視角考察不同文化信念影響下有關(guān)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的特定歷史階段的社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)交易制度變遷,分析文化因素對(duì)不同社會(huì)交易結(jié)構(gòu)形成和變遷的影響,以及交易機(jī)制的結(jié)構(gòu)性變化對(duì)文化信念的反作用。本文比較和綜合了新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的研究方法論,在一個(gè)更寬廣的范圍內(nèi),論述社會(huì)交易結(jié)構(gòu)的決定和變遷,文化信念和社會(huì)交易方式的相互關(guān)系及共同演化。對(duì)于規(guī)范分析,具體而言,在考慮個(gè)體選擇的交易制度分析的基礎(chǔ)上建立了文化信念等非正規(guī)制度對(duì)社會(huì)交易結(jié)構(gòu)影響的一般分析框架,重新理解和審視家庭、企業(yè)、市場(chǎng)等具體交易方式的功能和范圍決定因素。對(duì)于歷史分析,具體而言,立足于經(jīng)濟(jì)史,用歷史比較制度分析的方法從不同文化因素影響下的國(guó)家或地區(qū)的社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)變遷過(guò)程中考察文化因素對(duì)不同社會(huì)交易結(jié)構(gòu)形成和演變的影響,以及交易機(jī)制的變化對(duì)文化信念的反作用。關(guān)注“自我實(shí)施”、“第二方實(shí)施”和“第三方實(shí)施”契約各自運(yùn)行機(jī)制以及相互影響;并不簡(jiǎn)單將交易制度作為非外生變量,而是著重研究交易制度生成與進(jìn)化的影響和決定因素,即研究經(jīng)濟(jì)制度差異性的原因;將研究的視野不斷地從市場(chǎng)交易制度拓展到包括非市場(chǎng)交易制度在內(nèi)的交易制度結(jié)構(gòu),從制度安排向制度環(huán)境,從經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、法律制度向文化傳統(tǒng)、價(jià)值觀念和意識(shí)形態(tài)拓展,尤其重視影響制度諸因素中的文化傳統(tǒng)、價(jià)值觀念和意識(shí)形態(tài)的作用。本文的分析結(jié)構(gòu)如下:第一章為導(dǎo)言部分,第二章為新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的理論體系評(píng)述,通過(guò)對(duì)已有文獻(xiàn)的考察,評(píng)析了新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)對(duì)交易方式、交易組織及制度的研究及發(fā)展線索。第三章為新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的理論體系評(píng)述,對(duì)新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的產(chǎn)生和理論構(gòu)建進(jìn)行介紹和評(píng)析。第四章為新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的比較及綜合。這一部分從研究對(duì)象、研究范圍、研究方法和學(xué)科功能等方面系統(tǒng)地對(duì)新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)(特別是它們的核心理論:交易成本理論和社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論)進(jìn)行比較以及整合。對(duì)已有理論研究進(jìn)行比較和評(píng)述,探討理論構(gòu)件和體系的差異以及溝通融合的問(wèn)題,以期為建立綜合新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)研究范式的研究框架做好理論基礎(chǔ)準(zhǔn)備;第五章是一個(gè)綜合的分析框架——交易組織制度分析的初步構(gòu)建,界定了其分析對(duì)象,基本前提假設(shè),研究方法論以及分析的具體層次,并且闡述了新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)融合的學(xué)理基礎(chǔ)以及學(xué)科融合的科學(xué)哲學(xué)意義;第六章界定了交易組織和制度的主要性質(zhì),對(duì)家庭、企業(yè)以及市場(chǎng)等代表性的交易組織和制度進(jìn)行較為具體的研究,建立了引入違約風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分擔(dān)理論模型;第七章集中研究經(jīng)濟(jì)行為的文化嵌入性和經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的社會(huì)構(gòu)建,并以文化傳統(tǒng)影響下中國(guó)養(yǎng)老方式安排以及社會(huì)養(yǎng)老結(jié)構(gòu)的研究為例;第八章為研究展望,從理論研究和案例應(yīng)用研究?jī)蓚�(gè)方面探討本文研究的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展方向;第九章是本文的結(jié)論。本文的主要觀點(diǎn)是:(1)交易、交易組織和交易制度是社會(huì)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域共同關(guān)注的研究對(duì)象。本文在經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)研究范疇內(nèi)對(duì)交易、交易組織和交易制度等概念作了分析,然后重點(diǎn)比較新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)與新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)對(duì)交易、交易組織和交易制度等的研究在理論范式、分析方法和基本結(jié)論等構(gòu)件上的異同。通過(guò)比較和綜合,本項(xiàng)研究說(shuō)明新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)之間的理論對(duì)立并沒(méi)有兩個(gè)領(lǐng)域某些學(xué)者所設(shè)定的那樣嚴(yán)苛,而且,本文力圖在對(duì)交易、交易組織和交易制度等研究對(duì)象的分析中構(gòu)建基于新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)研究特質(zhì)的整合的、統(tǒng)一的分析框架。對(duì)于經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象的研究,在歷史和社會(huì)的兩個(gè)維度進(jìn)行分析更有助于更深刻地把握問(wèn)題的實(shí)質(zhì)。(2)對(duì)于新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)研究范式及方法的綜合,本文給出了兩個(gè)研究范式融合的學(xué)理基礎(chǔ)——理論基點(diǎn)和價(jià)值共識(shí)(理論綜合的容易程度即“成本”)以及理論的互補(bǔ)性(理論綜合的解釋力即“收益”)。并且,從科學(xué)哲學(xué)的角度理解新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)這兩個(gè)研究體系的融合所帶來(lái)的“知識(shí)增長(zhǎng)”,這種融合所帶來(lái)的范式轉(zhuǎn)變符合庫(kù)恩的藝術(shù)模式而非科學(xué)模式,因此,也就不存在交流失靈(不可通約)的必然性和范式替代的完全性,在社會(huì)科學(xué)中,我們可以很清晰地看到,爭(zhēng)論的結(jié)局通常是接受新的理論但卻不完全毀壞和拋棄舊的,綜合的分析范式成為可能。(3)企業(yè)、家庭和市場(chǎng)等交易組織和制度形式,根據(jù)它們?cè)诮?jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)中的所發(fā)揮的職能以及經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)已有的研究,可以從交易成本(包括交易聯(lián)結(jié)成本(transacting connection cost))、交易風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分擔(dān)(risk sharing,主要針對(duì)客觀的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和不確定性)、違約風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和契約規(guī)制特點(diǎn)等界區(qū)。從這些方面的定義一方面可以提煉出了交易的核心性質(zhì),另一方面契合了交易組織制度分析的框架。(4)家庭、企業(yè)、市場(chǎng)等交易組織和制度安排,在新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)綜合的分析框架中,可以用非正式制度(社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò))和正式制度的雙重規(guī)制下,基于交易成本和特定文化傳統(tǒng)影響下個(gè)體偏好的分析這一本文定義的交易組織制度分析方法來(lái)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一研究。交易成本和文化傳統(tǒng)影響下的個(gè)體偏好共同決定了人們對(duì)交易組織制度的選擇,在初級(jí)交易(指基本的、保障性的、滿足馬斯洛意義上低層次需要的交易需求)中應(yīng)該由交易成本主導(dǎo)交易組織制度的選擇,而在次級(jí)交易(指非基本的、非保障性的、滿足馬斯洛高層次需要的交易需求)中可以充分兼顧文化傳統(tǒng)和社會(huì)習(xí)俗影響下的個(gè)體偏好。基于交易成本的初級(jí)交易組織制度安排的有效性影響次級(jí)交易包容個(gè)體偏好的程度,即初級(jí)交易的制度安排越節(jié)約交易成本,個(gè)體在次級(jí)交易中越有能力選擇包含較多個(gè)體主觀偏好的組織制度形式,這種情形下次級(jí)交易的效率甚至?xí)瘸跫?jí)交易還要高。本項(xiàng)研究主要的創(chuàng)新之處:(1)從考慮微觀層面?zhèn)�人選擇的嵌入性及社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析出發(fā),考察社會(huì)交易結(jié)構(gòu)和經(jīng)濟(jì)效率等宏觀層面的問(wèn)題。在一定程度上連接了相關(guān)問(wèn)題微觀和宏觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)研究。構(gòu)建了對(duì)有關(guān)問(wèn)題研究的一般性分析框架。(2)對(duì)于交易方式的有關(guān)具體問(wèn)題,例如基于家庭的互惠交易的問(wèn)題,經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)等領(lǐng)域往往分別從經(jīng)濟(jì)因素、社會(huì)因素、文化因素等方面進(jìn)行分析,本文嘗試建立一個(gè)跨社會(huì)學(xué)科的整合的分析框架,研究不同社會(huì)交易結(jié)構(gòu)的決定和變遷。(3)將家庭、企業(yè)、市場(chǎng)等具體的交易方式(經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究中經(jīng)常考察的對(duì)象)置入文化信念等非正規(guī)制度和社會(huì)交易制度關(guān)系的研究中,從而可以更好地揭示和理解有關(guān)的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。(4)總結(jié)和提煉出“理論基點(diǎn)和價(jià)值共識(shí)”及“理論互補(bǔ)性”分別作為理論綜合的預(yù)期“成本”和“收益”。并從科學(xué)哲學(xué)的角度理解新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)研究范式融合的意義。本文的不足:本文的寫(xiě)作和論證是基于作者所梳理和總結(jié)的新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)對(duì)交易方式、交易組織及制度的研究,對(duì)文獻(xiàn)的整理和把握還有待進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng),其邏輯分析結(jié)構(gòu)并不一定嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),分析的結(jié)構(gòu)安排也有待于進(jìn)一步完善。本文涉及問(wèn)題的進(jìn)一步研究方向:在理論邏輯上繼續(xù)完善新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的理論融合,并在此基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)建對(duì)交易、交易組織形成和變遷更為一般理論數(shù)理分析的框架。這一方面的研究可以從有約束的個(gè)人效用函數(shù)或偏好結(jié)構(gòu)出發(fā),運(yùn)用社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的交易序?qū)緮?shù)理分析,并將其拓展到群體和社會(huì)一般分析;進(jìn)一步從文獻(xiàn)梳理和總結(jié)出經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)以及新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)兩個(gè)路向的學(xué)術(shù)研究傳統(tǒng)——社會(huì)學(xué)取向的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)取向的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué),并且更深入地研究經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)取向的新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)和新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)(考慮制度約束的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué))的內(nèi)在契合性,從而更深刻地理解經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)研究范式的異同;對(duì)于企業(yè)理論、家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、市場(chǎng)理論等理論,用新的綜合的交易組織制度分析方法研究其中諸如關(guān)系專(zhuān)用性投資,套牢問(wèn)題,經(jīng)濟(jì)個(gè)體社會(huì)資本的積累,市場(chǎng)交易機(jī)制的屬性,企業(yè)理論中的有關(guān)內(nèi)容,金融保險(xiǎn)安排,家庭的功能等具體問(wèn)題,在交易組織制度分析的基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)建更為嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)睦碚擉w系,并加入適當(dāng)?shù)陌咐治觥?/p>

    This paper is a theoretical study of basic analytical paradigm of economic and social problem, which mainly focuses on the comparative study of transaction, transaction organization and transaction institution of new institutional economics and new economic sociology. In the social sciences, especially in economics and sociology, there are a lot of researches on transaction, transaction organization and institution. In the 1970s and 1980s last century, new institutional economics and new economic sociology have boomed the studies of organization and institution to new height. However, new institutional economics and new economic sociology have similarities and differences in basic research methodology, the main theories, such as components and logic methods on both similarities and differences.To deal with the organization and institution, most studies focused on firm and market, and only few studies involved family or clan. Sociologic researches mainly study family from the perspective of social interaction and network and focus on the family as a social organization and its function of social cells. However, the family or clan in different historical stages and different countries has economic organizational function. And in different legal system and different cultural tradition and social norms, the role of family is not the same.This paper tries to build comprehensive theoretical framework—transaction organizational institutional analysis, by comparing and summarizing the basic methodology and theoretical system of the new institutional economics and the new economic sociology. In the study of transaction organizational institution-the family, the firm and the market-will be put into a unified and integrated analytical framework.The synthesis of this paper is to build a theoretical framework which is not able to promulgate the economy and the social relations, but also have the enough explanation to experience, as far as the study object is concerned. In order to carry on such attempt, we first need to seek a reflection economic society to relate, the packet of energy including the macrostructure factor and the microscopic motion factor’s analysis concept, which can enable these two kinds of factor analysis to be able to unify in one comprehensive basic methodology foundation.The paper’s research logic is: Abstracting the basic concept from the experience fact; then obtaining the elementary theory component; and then, through in new system economic and new economic sociology foundation conformability methodology innovation, establishing an analytical pathway; Finally, constructing a comprehensive economic society analysis method, namely transaction organizational institutional analysis.This paper compares and synthesizes research methodologies of the new institutional economics and the new economic sociology. In a wider range of social structure, this paper discusses the decision and transaction change and cultural beliefs and social way to transaction relationship and common evolution. In particular, in consideration of the individual choice on the basis of analysis of the transaction institution, we establish cultural beliefs of informal social transaction institution as the general framework structure, to understand and examine family, firm, market and the function of transaction and factors which decide the boundaries. In particular, the historical analysis, concern "self" and "the implementation of implementing" and "third party" contract implementation of each operation mechanism and mutual influence. Transaction institution is not simply taken as exogenous variables, which focuses on the formation and evolution of transaction institution and decision factors. Finally, the view of study will expand from market-oriented transaction institution to non-market oriented institution structure, from the institutional arrangements to institutional environment, from the economic, political, legal system, to the value of traditional cultural and ideological, especially to expand the influence factors of traditional culture system, values and ideology.The analytical structure is as follows: the first chapter is introduction; the second chapter is for the theory of new institutional economics. Through the survey of literatures, this chapter analyses the researches and developments of the new institutional economics and transactions of organization and institution. The third chapter is the review of new economic sociology theory. The fourth chapter is the comparison and synthesis of new institutional economics and the new economic sociology. The fifth chapter is a comprehensive analysis framework. In this chapter, I define the basic hypothesis, and research methodology and the analysis of the specific levels, and expounds theoretic foundations of the new institutional economics and the new economic sociology and states scientific philosophy meaning of discipline integration; The sixth chapter defines transaction institution of organization and the main properties of family, firm and market, building a risk sharing theory model. Chapter seven focuses on the embeddedness of economic behavior and the social construction of economic institution, and studies the old-age financial supportive system in China as an example. Chapter eight is the research prospect which discusses further development direction from two aspects of theory and application. Chapter night is the conclusion.The main points in this paper are:(1) Transaction, transaction organizations and transaction institution is the object of study which the social sciences pay attention to together. This article analyzes the concepts of transaction, the transaction organization and institution in the economic and sociological research category with focusing on their similarities and differences. Through the comparison and the synthesis, this research showed the opposition in two domains is not severe; moreover, this paper tries hard to build a unified analytical framework of new institutional economics and new economic sociology.(2) As to the synthesis of new institutional economics and the new sociology, this paper studies two theoretical paradigm integration foundation - the theoretical basis and value of consensus, as well as theoretical complementary to each other. And from the perspective of philosophy of science to understand the Synthesis between new institutional economics and new economic sociology as the two research system, it brought about the integration of "knowledge growth". The paradigm shift is brought about by integration is accordance with Kuhn’s art model, and not the scientific model. Therefore, there is no commensuration failure. In the social sciences, we can clearly see that the outcome of disputes is usually accepting the new theory but not completely destroyed and abandoned old paradigm, thus, it makes comprehensive analysis possibly.(3) Organizational and institutional forms such as firm, family and market, in accordance with their economic and social functions in the economics and sociology, as well as existing research, are distinguished from transaction costs (including transacting connection cost), transaction risk sharing (the main objective for the risk and uncertainty), default risk and contractual regulation characteristics.(4) In the comprehensive analysis framework of new institutional economics and new economic sociology, family, firm and market—transaction organization and institutional arrangement can be studied by the institutional analysis of transaction organization which is based on the transaction cost and specific cultural tradition of individual preference. Transaction costs and cultural tradition of the individual preference for transaction determines the choice in the organizational institution, the primary transaction (basic, affordable and Maslow’ s hierarchy of needs of low sense of transaction demand) should be made by the transaction cost of leading transaction organization system, and in subprime transaction can make full consideration in cultural tradition and social customs under the influence of individual preference. Based on the transaction cost of primary transaction organization institutional arrangement of the effectiveness of individual preference, individual savings in the secondary transactions have ability to select more individual subjective preferences containing the organizational institution. Under this circumstance, subprime transaction has even more efficiency than primary one.The main innovation of this study: (1) From the combination of micro-level consideration of individual choice and the embedded social network analysis, the study of social structure and economic efficiency of transactions, such as macro-level issues are considered; Building a general analytical framework for research.(2) In the case of transactions relating to specific issues, such as family-based reciprocal transactions, in areas such as economics and sociology are often analyzed separately from the economic factors, social factors, cultural factors, and this article seeks to set up an inter-disciplinary society integrated analytical framework to study the decision and the change of different social transaction structure.(3) Put the family, firm, market—specific transaction organizations into the cultural beliefs, such as non-formal institution and social study on the relationship between transaction institutions, thus it can better reveal and understand the economic situation.(4) Summarize and extract the "theoretical basis and value of consensus" and "theoretical complementarity of each other" as the expected "cost" and "benefit" of theoretical synthesis, and from the perspective of philosophy of science, to understand the significance of the synthesis of new institutional economics and new sociology.The deficiency of this paper lies in: the logic structure of this paper may not be precise due to its basing on a framework which the author summarizes himself, and the arrangement of this paper also needs to be perfected further. Besides, those arguments for the practical applications of the theories need to be strengthened in this paper.The further study involves: deepening the logic framework. Research in this area is bound from the individual utility function or preference structure, the use of social networks, transaction sequence of basic mathematical analysis, and extended to groups and society in general analysis; further summarized Economic Sociology new economic sociology, as well as two streams of academic research traditions from the literature, and thus a deeper understanding of economics and sociological research paradigm of the similarities and differences is possible; For enterprise theory, family economics, the market research, try to build a more precise theoretical system on the basis of institutional analysis of transaction organization to further those theory study such as relationship-specific investments, hold-up problem, the economy of individual accumulation of social capital, the market mechanism for property transactions, business theory, the relevant content, finance and insurance arrangements, meanwhile, add some appropriate case study.

新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)與新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的比較及綜合：交易組織制度分析

中文摘要11-16Abstract16-21第一章 引言22-29    第一節(jié) 研究的背景與問(wèn)題的提出22-26        一、早期經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)的交叉研究22-24        二、新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的產(chǎn)生24-25        三、進(jìn)一步的理論綜合為什么可能?25-26    第二節(jié) 本文的研究思路和分析方法26-27    第三節(jié) 本文的主要內(nèi)容和分析結(jié)構(gòu)27-28    第四節(jié) 本文的主要觀點(diǎn)和可能的創(chuàng)新之處28-29第二章 新制度經(jīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的研究體系評(píng)述29-48    第一節(jié) 新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)對(duì)交易、交易組織和制度的研究綜述29-34    第二節(jié) 新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論的基本構(gòu)件34-41        一、新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的基本方法論34-35        二、基本假設(shè)35-37        三、新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的基本理論工具37-38        四、新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的主要理論體系38-41    第三節(jié) 新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的研究范式41-44        一、作為新古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的繼承和發(fā)展的新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)41-44        二、新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)與舊制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的關(guān)系44    第四節(jié) 新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究的一些評(píng)析44-48        一、新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的理論貢獻(xiàn)44-45        二、新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的研究缺陷45-48第三章 新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的研究體系評(píng)述48-68    第一節(jié) 新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)對(duì)交易和交易結(jié)構(gòu)的研究綜述48-52        一、社會(huì)交換理論:交易問(wèn)題的社會(huì)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)48-49        二、社會(huì)角色理論:社會(huì)心理學(xué)對(duì)交易者身份的研究49-50        三、嵌入理論:經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的新的分析視角50-52    第二節(jié) 新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)理論的基本構(gòu)件52-61        一、新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的研究方法52-54        二、基本假設(shè)54-56        三、新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的基本理論分析工具56-61    第三節(jié) 新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的研究范式61-63        一、作為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)范式化的新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)61-62        二、新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)和新古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究范式的關(guān)系62-63    第四節(jié) 對(duì)新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)研究的有關(guān)評(píng)析63-68        一、新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的理論貢獻(xiàn)63-64        二、新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的研究缺陷64-68第四章 新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)研究體系的比較及綜合68-87    第一節(jié) 關(guān)于交易、交易組織和制度的概念分析69-70    第二節(jié) 新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)中的社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論70-74    第三節(jié) 新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中的交易成本理論74-76    第四節(jié) 新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)研究體系的比較及綜合76-82        一、兩種研究體系的差別和比較76-78        二、兩種研究體系的通約和綜合78-82    第五節(jié) 經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)中的新制度主義82-85    第六節(jié) 本章小結(jié)85-87第五章 交易組織制度分析:一個(gè)綜合的研究視角87-108    第一節(jié) 交易的定義和分類(lèi)87-91    第二節(jié) 新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)融合的學(xué)理基礎(chǔ)91-98        一、新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的互補(bǔ)性和契合性91-93        二、新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)融合的科學(xué)哲學(xué)思考93-98    第三節(jié) 一個(gè)綜合的分析視角—交易組織制度分析98-105        一、基本概念98-99        二、基本假設(shè)99-102        三、基本研究方法102-105    第四節(jié) 交易組織制度的中間層次社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析105-106    第五節(jié) 交易組織制度的微觀層次分析106    第六節(jié) 交易組織制度的宏觀歷史和社會(huì)分析106-108第六章 作為交易組織和規(guī)制制度的家庭、企業(yè)及市場(chǎng)108-120    第一節(jié) 交易組織的契約性質(zhì)108-109    第二節(jié) 交易成本、交易聯(lián)結(jié)成本和交易形式109-110    第三節(jié) 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分擔(dān)和交易組織110-112    第四節(jié) 違約風(fēng)險(xiǎn):正式和非正式制度的不同規(guī)制作用112-114    第五節(jié) 引入違約風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分擔(dān)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型114-120        一、只考慮家庭內(nèi)交易的理論模型(單一組織模型)114-116        二、考慮家庭之間的交易(或市場(chǎng)交易的產(chǎn)生)的理論模型(兩組織模型)116-120第七章 文化傳統(tǒng)影響下的交易組織制度選擇問(wèn)題120-145    第一節(jié) 文化傳統(tǒng)、制度環(huán)境和交易組織制度的選擇120-123    第二節(jié) 經(jīng)濟(jì)行為的文化嵌入性和經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的社會(huì)構(gòu)建123-128        一、經(jīng)濟(jì)行為的文化嵌入性124-126        二、經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的社會(huì)構(gòu)建126-127        三、從網(wǎng)絡(luò)嵌入性到關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)和制度的雙重嵌入性127-128    第三節(jié) 文化和社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的產(chǎn)生及變遷128-131    第四節(jié) 中國(guó)和西方傳統(tǒng)文化差異下的交易組織制度分析131-138        一、新古典研究范式的基本方法論與中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化精神存在沖突134-135        二、從家庭推衍出來(lái)的交易組織結(jié)構(gòu)135-136        三、不同文化傳統(tǒng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)交易的不同規(guī)制136-138    第五節(jié) 一個(gè)應(yīng)用:中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化影響下的養(yǎng)老制度安排138-145        一、儒家倫理和交易聯(lián)結(jié)的差序結(jié)構(gòu)138-140        二、儒家文化和家庭養(yǎng)老的規(guī)制方式140-141        三、家庭的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分擔(dān)和養(yǎng)老安排效率141-142        四、正式制度和非正式制度的交互效應(yīng)對(duì)養(yǎng)老安排的影響142-145第八章 研究展望145-152    第一節(jié) 經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)研究范式的進(jìn)一步融合145-146    第二節(jié) 研究交易和交易制度的兩個(gè)維度—?dú)v史和社會(huì)146-148    第三節(jié) 對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)現(xiàn)象的進(jìn)一步應(yīng)用研究方向148-152第九章 結(jié)論152-154參考文獻(xiàn)154-167后記(致謝)167-168攻讀學(xué)位期間發(fā)表的論文目錄168-169學(xué)位論文評(píng)閱及答辯情況表169

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)與新經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)學(xué)的比較及綜合：交易組織制度分析，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。