本文選題：集組理論　切入點：集體理性　出處：《清華大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：最近十幾年隨著行為經(jīng)濟學(xué)和實驗經(jīng)濟學(xué)的迅猛發(fā)展，實驗經(jīng)濟學(xué)家通過大量實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)：實驗參與者不僅僅只關(guān)注個人利益，有時關(guān)注他人利益或關(guān)注所有參與者所組成的集體利益。對個體的非利己研究引起專家的重視。 集組理論是關(guān)于個體選擇集體理性的一種非利己的研究。本文主要以集組理論為主題，通過理論研究和實驗設(shè)計，圍繞集組理論的存在性、模型修正、假設(shè)條件和適用范圍進(jìn)行的一系列相關(guān)研究。 首先，本文通過對相關(guān)理論優(yōu)缺點的研究分析，提出相對完整的集組理論概念，從理論上辨別集組理論與其他相關(guān)理論的區(qū)別,說明集組理論不可替代性，同時提出集組理論的假設(shè)條件。 其次，本文對現(xiàn)有集組理論的數(shù)理模型的優(yōu)缺點進(jìn)行分析，然后與幾個相關(guān)理論的模型進(jìn)行對比，最后基于對外部信號因素的考慮構(gòu)建集組推理模型，并進(jìn)行算例分析。 第三，本文設(shè)計了五組對比實驗，實驗?zāi)康氖球炞C集組理論的存在性，進(jìn)而對提出的假設(shè)條件進(jìn)行驗證，并通過實驗過程和結(jié)果探討集組理論的適用范圍。實驗結(jié)果不僅證實了集組理論的存在性；而且揭示了個體理性和集體理性同時存在；個體選擇集體理性時具有團(tuán)隊意識；選擇集體理性策略的個體具有共同的價值觀；且在信息不對稱的情況下局中人相信對方和自己選擇相同的策略，希望和對方合作等現(xiàn)象，符合論文所設(shè)的假設(shè)條件。 本文通過對實驗設(shè)計、過程、結(jié)果的分析，，得到集組理論如下適用范圍：博弈條件/機制設(shè)置（顯性或隱形），會對局中人選擇個體理性、集體理性的程度造成影響；個體利益與集體利益增加方向一致增強集組理論作用的發(fā)揮，否則產(chǎn)生抑制效果；博弈中須只存在唯一的集組理論解，否則集組理論不穩(wěn)定。 最后本文在實驗數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)上對集組理論進(jìn)行延展性分析，討論了集組理論解的個數(shù)與穩(wěn)定性之間的關(guān)系；從數(shù)學(xué)角度論證集組理論的不可替代性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of behavioral economics and experimental economics in the past decade, experimental economists have found through a large number of experiments that the participants in the experiment are not only concerned with their personal interests. Sometimes attention is paid to the interests of others or to the collective interests of all participants. Set group theory is a kind of non-egoistic research on collective rationality of individual choice. This paper mainly focuses on set group theory, through theoretical research and experimental design, around the existence of set group theory, model modification. A series of relevant studies on hypothetical conditions and scope of application. First of all, by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of relevant theories, a relatively complete concept of set group theory is put forward, and the difference between set group theory and other related theories is theoretically distinguished, which shows that set group theory can not be replaced. At the same time, the hypothesis of set group theory is proposed. Secondly, this paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the existing mathematical models of set group theory, and then compares them with several models of relevant theories. Finally, based on the consideration of external signal factors, a set group reasoning model is constructed, and an example is analyzed. Thirdly, five sets of comparative experiments are designed to verify the existence of set theory, and then verify the proposed hypothesis. The experimental results not only confirm the existence of set group theory, but also reveal that individual rationality and collective rationality exist simultaneously, and that individuals have team consciousness when they choose collective rationality. The individuals who choose the collective rational strategy have the same values, and in the case of asymmetric information, they believe that the other side and themselves choose the same strategy, and hope to cooperate with each other, which accords with the hypothetical conditions set in the paper. Based on the analysis of experimental design, process and results, this paper obtains the following applicable scope of set group theory: game condition / mechanism setting (dominant or invisible) will affect the degree of individual rationality and collective rationality; The increasing direction of individual and collective interests enhances the function of set group theory, otherwise it produces inhibitory effect. In the game, there must be only one set group theory solution, otherwise the set group theory is unstable. Finally, based on the experimental data, this paper analyzes the ductility of the set theory, discusses the relationship between the number of solutions and the stability of the set group theory, and proves that the set group theory is irreplaceable from the point of view of mathematics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：F069.9

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 孫超;基于差異逃離及風(fēng)險態(tài)度的TeamReasoning游離博弈研究[D];清華大學(xué);2012年

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