【摘要】：科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展極大地促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長，創(chuàng)造了輝煌燦爛的物質(zhì)文明。但隨著人們物質(zhì)欲望的惡性膨脹和對經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)的盲目追求，造成了各種資源無節(jié)制的濫用，使得人類賴以生存的生態(tài)環(huán)境遭受嚴(yán)重的破壞，人類正面臨著資源枯竭、環(huán)境污染、臭氧層破壞、生物多樣性減少、土地荒漠化、淡水資源匱乏等諸多環(huán)境問題，人類的生存和發(fā)展受到了嚴(yán)重的威脅。 所有這些生態(tài)問題促使人類開始反思改造自然的實(shí)踐活動(dòng)，人們開始尋找一種能使經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、生態(tài)三者協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的可持續(xù)發(fā)展道路。1992年聯(lián)合國在巴西首都里約熱內(nèi)盧召開的“環(huán)境與發(fā)展會(huì)議”提出了《21世紀(jì)議程》，其中提出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)：“全球環(huán)境退化的主要原因是不可持續(xù)發(fā)展的消費(fèi)和生產(chǎn)形態(tài)造成的”。那么如何才能使技術(shù)在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的同時(shí)，又不對生態(tài)環(huán)境造成破壞呢?正是出于對這個(gè)問題的思考，技術(shù)創(chuàng)新生態(tài)化就逐步被提到日程上來。 技術(shù)創(chuàng)新生態(tài)化也被稱作生態(tài)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新或綠色技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，它以生態(tài)保護(hù)為中心，在企業(yè)生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)中引入生態(tài)觀念，從而引導(dǎo)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新朝著有利于資源、環(huán)境保護(hù)及其與經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、環(huán)境系統(tǒng)之間的良性循環(huán)的方向協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。它追求的是生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)綜合效益，即經(jīng)濟(jì)效益最佳、生態(tài)效益最好、社會(huì)效益最優(yōu)的三大效益的有機(jī)統(tǒng)一，其最終目標(biāo)是社會(huì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。本文從以下幾個(gè)方面對技術(shù)創(chuàng)新生態(tài)化進(jìn)行了較為系統(tǒng)的研究。 第二章在對生態(tài)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新同傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新進(jìn)行比較分析的基礎(chǔ)上指出了技術(shù)創(chuàng)新生態(tài)化在社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展過程中的重要地位和作用。它不僅是技術(shù)發(fā)展的必然趨勢，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的關(guān)鍵，更是社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要保證。 第三章指出了技術(shù)創(chuàng)新生態(tài)化實(shí)施的基本原則。主要是技術(shù)先進(jìn)性原則、尊重自然原則、全生命周期分析原則、生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益原則、可持續(xù)發(fā)展原則等五個(gè)基本原則。 第四章根據(jù)生態(tài)化技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的基本原則提出了生態(tài)化技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的評價(jià)體系。大致從經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、技術(shù)效益、生態(tài)效益和社會(huì)效益等幾個(gè)方面對生態(tài)化技術(shù)創(chuàng)新活動(dòng)進(jìn)行評價(jià)。 第五章對技術(shù)創(chuàng)新生態(tài)化的基本途徑進(jìn)行了嘗試性研究，從消費(fèi)者觀念、企業(yè)經(jīng)營理念、管理方式、政府支持等幾方面，總結(jié)出進(jìn)行綠色消費(fèi)，建立綠色市場、塑造綠色企業(yè)文化、完善環(huán)保法律法規(guī)、建立生態(tài)工業(yè)園等技術(shù)創(chuàng)新生態(tài)化的基本途徑。 本文的創(chuàng)新之處有以下幾點(diǎn)： 第一，在對技術(shù)創(chuàng)新評價(jià)體系的研究過程中，突破傳統(tǒng)評價(jià)體系只注重經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的不可持續(xù)發(fā)展的評價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，把生態(tài)效益納入評價(jià)體系，并把它作為基本的評價(jià)準(zhǔn)則，從而對技術(shù)創(chuàng)新生態(tài)化活動(dòng)提供了依據(jù)和指導(dǎo)。 第二，把生態(tài)學(xué)的思想融合在技術(shù)創(chuàng)新活動(dòng)中，使技術(shù)創(chuàng)新活動(dòng)從設(shè)計(jì)階段到最終消費(fèi)的整個(gè)生命周期中都依據(jù)自然生態(tài)的有機(jī)循環(huán)原理而進(jìn)行，形成了類似于自然生態(tài) 第11頁 武漢科技大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文 鏈的關(guān)系，使自然資源循環(huán)利用，從而盡可能地減少對自然資源的消耗和對環(huán)境的污染。 第三，在解決途徑中，，本文著重從觀念入手，從指導(dǎo)思想上對技術(shù)創(chuàng)新進(jìn)行約束， 并針對我國生產(chǎn)和社會(huì)實(shí)際提出了諸如國家運(yùn)用政策法規(guī)等宏觀調(diào)控等解決方式。 關(guān)鍵詞:技術(shù)創(chuàng)新生態(tài)化可持續(xù)發(fā)展基本原則評價(jià)體系基本途徑
[Abstract]:The development of science and technology has greatly promoted the growth of the economy and created a brilliant material civilization. But with the vicious expansion of people's material desires and the blind pursuit of economic indicators, the abuse of various resources is caused, so that the ecological environment on which the human is based depends on the serious damage, and the mankind is facing the depletion of resources, the environmental pollution and the destruction of the ozone layer. The existence and development of human beings have been seriously threatened by many environmental problems such as the reduction of biodiversity, land desertification and the lack of fresh water resources. All of these ecological problems have led to the reflection of the natural practice of the transformation of human beings, and people began to look for one. The "Conference on Environment and Development" of the United Nations in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992, put forward a point of view: s" . How can the technology be made to promote economic development and not to be born What is the destruction of the state environment? It is for the thought of this problem that the ecological technology innovation is ecological. The process of technological innovation is also called ecological technology innovation or green technology innovation. It is the center of ecological protection, and introduces the ecological concept in the enterprise production system, thus leading the technological innovation to be is beneficial to the resources, the environmental protection and the economic, social, and economic The direction of the virtuous circle between the environmental systems is coordinated and developed. It pursues the three benefits of the comprehensive benefit of the ecological economy, that is, the best economic benefit, the best ecological benefit and the optimal social benefit. Unified, the ultimate goal is the sustainable development of society. This article is from the following aspects: The second chapter is based on the comparative analysis of the technology innovation and the traditional technological innovation. The ecological technology innovation plays an important role in the process of social sustainable development. It is not only the inevitable trend of the development of technology, The key to the normal operation of the ecosystem is the sustainable development of the society The third chapter points out the basic principle of the ecological implementation of technological innovation. then, the whole life cycle analysis principle, the ecological economic benefit principle, the sustainable development principle and the like The fourth chapter puts forward the evaluation of ecological technology innovation based on the basic principles of ecological technology innovation The paper makes an evaluation on the activities of ecological technology innovation, such as economic benefit, technical benefit, ecological benefit and social benefit. The fifth chapter makes a tentative study on the basic way of the ecological technology innovation, and from the concept of consumers, the enterprise The management idea, management mode, government support, etc., summary Green consumption and green market The innovation of this paper has the following points: I. In the course of the research of the technical innovation evaluation system, the breakthrough The traditional evaluation system only pays attention to the evaluation standard of the non-sustainable development of the economic benefit, the ecological benefit is included in the evaluation system, and it is used as the basic evaluation criterion, so that the ecological activity of the technological innovation is raised For the basis and guidance. second, the thought of ecology To integrate in the technological innovation activity, the technological innovation activity will be changed from the design stage to the end consumption throughout the life cycle According to the principle of the organic cycle of natural ecology, the natural ecology is formed. Master's degree of Wuhan University of Science and Technology on page 11 The link of the chain so that the natural resources can be recycled, so as to reduce as much as possible
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2004
【分類號(hào)】：F062.2

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 周惠軍;畢克新;徐明凱;;中小企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新可持續(xù)發(fā)展的途徑[J];科技與管理;2006年02期

2 朱文怡;;低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)視野下的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新路徑選擇[J];商業(yè)文化(下半月);2011年05期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王仲t@;黑龍江省能源可持續(xù)發(fā)展研究[D];東北林業(yè)大學(xué);2007年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前7條

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2 周惠軍;中小企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新可持續(xù)發(fā)展及評價(jià)研究[D];哈爾濱理工大學(xué);2006年

3 蔡喜平;我國科技法立法傾向偏離與匡正研究[D];中南大學(xué);2007年

4 錢曉燕;可持續(xù)發(fā)展視野下的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新觀[D];長沙理工大學(xué);2007年

5 郭海燕;從技術(shù)的本質(zhì)看技術(shù)生態(tài)化[D];成都理工大學(xué);2008年

6 姜?jiǎng)?可持續(xù)發(fā)展背景下技術(shù)創(chuàng)新生態(tài)化研究[D];東北師范大學(xué);2008年

7 高遠(yuǎn);循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新影響因素的理論與實(shí)證研究[D];合肥工業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

本文編號(hào)：2510885