關(guān)于馬克思社會必要勞動時間含義的再認(rèn)識
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-23 19:38
【摘要】： 關(guān)于社會必要勞動時間的含義，早在20世紀(jì)20年代初，原蘇聯(lián)的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)界就有不同的看法。新中國建國一開始，國內(nèi)就有了類似看法。從20世紀(jì)50年代起，直到現(xiàn)在經(jīng)歷了5次大的爭論，至今沒有結(jié)束的跡象。目前，關(guān)于社會必要勞動時間的含義的看法，可以分為兩類：一是認(rèn)為馬克思的社會必要勞動時間只有一種含義，這為一種論；一是認(rèn)為社會必要勞動時間不止一種含義，而是多種含義。其中有的認(rèn)為有兩種，有的認(rèn)為有三種，有的認(rèn)為有四重。更有甚者，有的認(rèn)為馬克思社會必要勞動時間不是多種含義，而是不同的兩種或四種。有的則認(rèn)為馬克思的社會必要勞動時間，既不是一種含義，也不是多種含義或多種不同種類，而是一種含義三個層次，一個事物兩個層面，一個本原三層含義。這是非一種論。存在這么大的分歧，客觀原因是：馬克思在不同地方的論述形式上存在差異，馬克思的社會必要勞動時間，有時指生產(chǎn)單位商品所需的，有時生產(chǎn)總量商品所必需的，有時指再生產(chǎn)商品所必需的，有時指原有的，有時指現(xiàn)有的，等等。站在某種角度看，的確可以認(rèn)為馬克思的社會必要勞動時間是多義的或多種的。這是非一種論產(chǎn)生的基礎(chǔ)。“社會必要勞動時間”一詞本身具有多語義性，它既可理解為生產(chǎn)單位商品所需的時間，也可理解為再生產(chǎn)商品所需的時間；既可理解為生產(chǎn)商品平均所需要的時間，也可理解為滿足社會規(guī)模所要的時間；既可理解為生產(chǎn)商品必須花費(fèi)的，也可理解為生產(chǎn)商品允許花費(fèi)或應(yīng)該花費(fèi)的時間。等等。馬克思本人也未能避開這種多語義性。這是非一種論產(chǎn)生的又一基礎(chǔ)。但馬克思在各處論述的內(nèi)容具有一致性，社會必要勞動時間始終只是一種社會必要勞動時間。這是一種論的基礎(chǔ)。分歧的主觀原因是：(1)研究視角低平。這就使人難以把握馬克思關(guān)于社會勞動時間論述的全部變化，只能把握其部分。(2)研究方法形而上學(xué)，這使研究者不能把馬克思論述的社會必要勞動時間概念看成是一個不斷變化的、形態(tài)多樣的 卜虔蒙一汰上主j斗十于 整體。（3）以非馬克思主義態(tài)度對待《資本論》。這限輸了研究者的視野，使 人不能把馬克思有關(guān)論述看成是可以發(fā)展而且應(yīng)該發(fā)展的，又囂靜止地理解馬 克思的論述。從馬克思的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)學(xué)風(fēng)和高度負(fù)責(zé)精神看，從歷 子后來馬克思 主義者的任務(wù)看，從論證方法看，馬克思沒有多種或多種含義的社會必要勞動 時間。要能夠正確理解和把握馬克思的社會必要勞動時間的含義，必須站在新 高度、新視角，，運(yùn)用新的研究方法。如果抬高視點(diǎn)，姑在新的視角，運(yùn)用辨證 法，就會看到，馬克思的社會必要勞動時間是指，在現(xiàn)有的社會正常的生產(chǎn)和 再生產(chǎn)條件下，社會為滿足對某種產(chǎn)品的需要而分配的勞動時間。無論產(chǎn)品是 否商品化，只要是社會需要的，都可分配到一定量的社會必要勞動時間。社會 是按照在各種產(chǎn)品上需要滿足程度相同的原則，在社會可支配的勞動時間中分 配各種產(chǎn)品的社會必要勞動時間。重新認(rèn)識社會必要勞動時間含義的重要意 義：理論上，它有助于結(jié)束社會必要勞動時間的爭論，徹底解決商品價值量的 訣定問題，有助于澄清和統(tǒng)一對勞動價值論的認(rèn)識，從而有利于堅(jiān)持和發(fā)展勞 動價值論，也有助于理解馬克思主義和發(fā)展馬克思主義；從實(shí)踐上，有助于解 釋現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的疑惑問題；有助于解釋、指導(dǎo)產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的價值和價格的確定， 這些產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)包括：壟斷性產(chǎn)品、非市場化的產(chǎn)品、公務(wù)員和企業(yè)事業(yè)單位 某些職工的活動。它也有利于推動?jì)D女解放運(yùn)動和社會的健康發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:As early as the early 1920s, the economic circles of the former Soviet Union had different views on the meaning of the necessary labor time of the society. Since the beginning of the founding of the new China, there was a similar view in the country. Since 1950s, there have been 5 big debates until now, and there are no signs of ending. At present, the necessary labor time of the society is contained. The view of righteousness can be divided into two categories: one is that Marx's social necessary labor time has only one meaning, which is a theory; the first is that the social necessary labor time has more than one meaning, but a variety of meanings. Some of them think there are two kinds, some think three, some think four, and some think Marx. Social necessary labor time is not a variety of meanings, but two different or four different kinds. Others think that Marx's social necessary labor time is neither a meaning, nor a variety of meanings or various kinds, but a meaning three levels, one thing two layers, a primitive three meaning. This is a non theory. Such a big difference, the objective reason is that there is a difference in the form of Marx's discussion in different places. The social necessary labor time of Marx, sometimes the necessary for the production unit commodity, sometimes the necessary for the production of the total commodity, sometimes refers to the necessary of the reproduction of goods, the time refers to the original, sometimes refers to the existing, and so on. Stand in some kind. At the point of view, it is true that the social necessary labor time of Marx is polysemous or multiple. This is the basis of the non one theory. The term "social necessary labor time" itself is polysemous. It can be understood as the time needed for the production unit and the time needed for the reproduction of goods; it can be understood as a result. The average time needed to produce goods can also be understood as the time required to meet the scale of the society; it is understandable that the production of goods must be spent, and it can be understood as the time for the production of goods to allow or should be spent. And so on. Marx himself has not been able to avoid this multilingual. This is another basis for the creation of a theory. The content of Kyth's discourse is consistent, and the social necessary labor time is always a kind of social necessary labor time. This is the basis of a theory. The subjective reason of the disagreement is: (1) the research angle of view is low. It makes it difficult to grasp all the changes of the theory of social labor time by Marx and can only grasp its part. (2) research The method of metaphysics makes it impossible for researchers to regard Marx's concept of social necessary labor time as a constantly changing and varied form.
Bu Qianmeng is ten of the main J in the jig.
Overall, (3) to treat "Das Kapital" with a non Marx attitude. This has limited the vision of researchers.
People can not regard Marx's discourse as something that can be developed and developed.
Kyth's exposition. From Marx's rigorous style of study and highly responsible spirit, Marx came from Li Zi later.
From the point of view of argumentation, Marx does not have the social necessary labor of many or more meanings.
In order to correctly understand and grasp the meaning of Marx's social necessary labor time, we must stand in the new direction.
Height, new perspective, the use of new research methods. If we raise our viewpoint, we should apply dialectic in a new perspective.
Law will see that Marx's social necessary labor time refers to the normal production and production in the existing society.
Under the condition of reproduction, the labor time allocated by the society to meet the needs of certain products.
No commercialization, as long as it is social needs, can be allocated to a certain amount of social necessary labor time.
Distribution of socially disposable hours of work according to the principle of equal satisfaction in various products
The Social Necessary Labor Time for Matching Various Products. The Importance of Recognizing the Meaning of Social Necessary Labor Time
Meaning: Theoretically, it helps to end the controversy over social necessary labor time and thoroughly solve the problem of commodity value.
It is helpful to clarify and unify the understanding of labor theory of value, so as to uphold and develop labor.
The theory of dynamic value is also conducive to the understanding and development of Marxism; in practice, it is conducive to understanding.
Interpretation of doubts in real life helps to explain and guide the determination of the value and price of products and services.
These products and services include monopolistic products, non marketable products, civil servants and enterprises and institutions.
The activities of some workers are also conducive to promoting the healthy development of women's Liberation Movement and society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2002
【分類號】：F014.2
本文編號：2140440
[Abstract]:As early as the early 1920s, the economic circles of the former Soviet Union had different views on the meaning of the necessary labor time of the society. Since the beginning of the founding of the new China, there was a similar view in the country. Since 1950s, there have been 5 big debates until now, and there are no signs of ending. At present, the necessary labor time of the society is contained. The view of righteousness can be divided into two categories: one is that Marx's social necessary labor time has only one meaning, which is a theory; the first is that the social necessary labor time has more than one meaning, but a variety of meanings. Some of them think there are two kinds, some think three, some think four, and some think Marx. Social necessary labor time is not a variety of meanings, but two different or four different kinds. Others think that Marx's social necessary labor time is neither a meaning, nor a variety of meanings or various kinds, but a meaning three levels, one thing two layers, a primitive three meaning. This is a non theory. Such a big difference, the objective reason is that there is a difference in the form of Marx's discussion in different places. The social necessary labor time of Marx, sometimes the necessary for the production unit commodity, sometimes the necessary for the production of the total commodity, sometimes refers to the necessary of the reproduction of goods, the time refers to the original, sometimes refers to the existing, and so on. Stand in some kind. At the point of view, it is true that the social necessary labor time of Marx is polysemous or multiple. This is the basis of the non one theory. The term "social necessary labor time" itself is polysemous. It can be understood as the time needed for the production unit and the time needed for the reproduction of goods; it can be understood as a result. The average time needed to produce goods can also be understood as the time required to meet the scale of the society; it is understandable that the production of goods must be spent, and it can be understood as the time for the production of goods to allow or should be spent. And so on. Marx himself has not been able to avoid this multilingual. This is another basis for the creation of a theory. The content of Kyth's discourse is consistent, and the social necessary labor time is always a kind of social necessary labor time. This is the basis of a theory. The subjective reason of the disagreement is: (1) the research angle of view is low. It makes it difficult to grasp all the changes of the theory of social labor time by Marx and can only grasp its part. (2) research The method of metaphysics makes it impossible for researchers to regard Marx's concept of social necessary labor time as a constantly changing and varied form.
Bu Qianmeng is ten of the main J in the jig.
Overall, (3) to treat "Das Kapital" with a non Marx attitude. This has limited the vision of researchers.
People can not regard Marx's discourse as something that can be developed and developed.
Kyth's exposition. From Marx's rigorous style of study and highly responsible spirit, Marx came from Li Zi later.
From the point of view of argumentation, Marx does not have the social necessary labor of many or more meanings.
In order to correctly understand and grasp the meaning of Marx's social necessary labor time, we must stand in the new direction.
Height, new perspective, the use of new research methods. If we raise our viewpoint, we should apply dialectic in a new perspective.
Law will see that Marx's social necessary labor time refers to the normal production and production in the existing society.
Under the condition of reproduction, the labor time allocated by the society to meet the needs of certain products.
No commercialization, as long as it is social needs, can be allocated to a certain amount of social necessary labor time.
Distribution of socially disposable hours of work according to the principle of equal satisfaction in various products
The Social Necessary Labor Time for Matching Various Products. The Importance of Recognizing the Meaning of Social Necessary Labor Time
Meaning: Theoretically, it helps to end the controversy over social necessary labor time and thoroughly solve the problem of commodity value.
It is helpful to clarify and unify the understanding of labor theory of value, so as to uphold and develop labor.
The theory of dynamic value is also conducive to the understanding and development of Marxism; in practice, it is conducive to understanding.
Interpretation of doubts in real life helps to explain and guide the determination of the value and price of products and services.
These products and services include monopolistic products, non marketable products, civil servants and enterprises and institutions.
The activities of some workers are also conducive to promoting the healthy development of women's Liberation Movement and society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2002
【分類號】：F014.2
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