本文選題：分散污水處理模式 + 再生水　； 參考：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國水資源十分匱乏，，隨著西部大開發(fā)和城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)推進(jìn)，城鎮(zhèn)居民人口激增，工業(yè)、生活用水量和排污量也不斷增加，加劇了水資源短缺的矛盾。分散式污水資源化設(shè)施包括小型污水處理站等，具有極強的靈活性，價格低廉，便于技術(shù)更，形成的再生水更符合城鎮(zhèn)化背景下新農(nóng)村社區(qū)的需求。然而現(xiàn)階段的再生水仍缺乏科學(xué)和實用的價格制定方法，無法有效調(diào)動再生水企業(yè)積極性和用戶的需求量。因此，針對新農(nóng)村社區(qū)市場特點，科學(xué)合理的建立再生水定價模型，成為促進(jìn)再生水推廣和保護(hù)水資源的關(guān)鍵所在。 本文主要針對分散污水處理模式下新農(nóng)村社區(qū)再生水定價模型的理論與方法進(jìn)行了綜合性研究。從再生水的定價現(xiàn)狀問題出發(fā)，針對再生水特征和新農(nóng)村社區(qū)市場特點，從需求和成本兩個導(dǎo)向建立再生水定價模型，對各個模型的假設(shè)、步驟以及計算公式進(jìn)行推導(dǎo)。并進(jìn)行了深入的分析和比較。在需求導(dǎo)向中，建立了影子價格模型、縱向差異定價模型以及Hotelling定價模型。在成本導(dǎo)向的定價模型研究中，重點分析了平均成本定價模型、邊際成本定價模型、邊際機會成本定價模型。 實例研究選用了陜西某新農(nóng)村社區(qū)的污水處理站。分析了項目背景、污水來源和再生水的用途用量，分別運用了平均成本定價模型、邊際機會成本定價模型和縱向差異定價模型進(jìn)行實例計算和比較。在此基礎(chǔ)上根據(jù)項目建立四個定價策略，并從對社會效益、企業(yè)效益和消費者效益角度進(jìn)行比較，得出最優(yōu)定價策略。最后從擴(kuò)大需求和增進(jìn)供給兩個方面對政府部門提出定價和政策相關(guān)建議。
[Abstract]:Water resources are very scarce in China. With the development of western China and the development of urbanization, the population of urban residents is increasing rapidly, and the amount of industry, domestic water consumption and sewage discharge are also increasing, which exacerbates the contradiction of water resources shortage. The dispersive sewage resource facilities include small sewage treatment stations and so on. They have strong flexibility, low price, convenient technology, and the reclaimed water can meet the needs of the new rural communities under the background of urbanization. However, the reclaimed water is still lack of scientific and practical pricing method, which can not effectively mobilize the enthusiasm of reclaimed water enterprises and the demand of users. Therefore, according to the characteristics of the new rural community market, the scientific and reasonable establishment of renewable water pricing model has become the key to promote the promotion of renewable water and protect water resources. In this paper, the theory and method of new rural community reclaimed water pricing model under decentralized sewage treatment mode were studied. According to the characteristics of reclaimed water and the characteristics of new rural community market, the pricing model of reclaimed water is established from two directions of demand and cost, and the assumptions, steps and calculation formulas of each model are deduced. And carried on the thorough analysis and the comparison. In demand orientation, shadow price model, vertical differential pricing model and Hotelling pricing model are established. In the research of the cost oriented pricing model, the average cost pricing model and the marginal opportunity cost pricing model are analyzed. A case study selected a new rural community sewage treatment station in Shaanxi. The background of the project, the use of sewage source and reclaimed water are analyzed, and the average cost pricing model, marginal opportunity cost pricing model and vertical differential pricing model are used to calculate and compare them. On this basis, four pricing strategies are established according to the project, and the optimal pricing strategy is obtained by comparing the social benefit, enterprise benefit and consumer benefit. Finally, the paper puts forward pricing and policy suggestions to government departments from two aspects of expanding demand and increasing supply.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X703;X196

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