本文關鍵詞： 補貼 環(huán)境 能源 改革　出處：《浙江大學》2007年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 有害環(huán)境的補貼政策研究是在近十幾年間才開始展開的。隨著研究的逐步深入，補貼與環(huán)境損害之間的關系也越來越被人們所關注。本文界定了有害環(huán)境的補貼政策的涵義，，并通過構建補貼與環(huán)境之間的相互作用關系模型，揭露了其對環(huán)境造成損害的機理。在分析外部性理論和補貼政策的需求擴張效應的基礎上，構建了有害環(huán)境的補貼政策的一般性模型，從維持環(huán)境品質標準的角度證明了補貼將加劇環(huán)境損害的觀點。進而，以能源補貼為例，通過模型分析得出了生產者和消費者補貼都將造成環(huán)境損害的結論并揭示其補貼規(guī)模。通過對改革的成本收益和政策環(huán)境變化的分析，證明改革在環(huán)境及經(jīng)濟上的有利性。最后通過障礙分析，給出政策建議。 本文的創(chuàng)新之處主要體現(xiàn)在以下三點。第一，提出了將有害環(huán)境的補貼政策劃分為可再生資源性補貼和不可再生資源性補貼的全新的分類法，突出資源利用的外部性在補貼的環(huán)境損害過程中的地位，更直觀地闡述其作用機理，并使改革更具針對性。第二，在構建有害環(huán)境的補貼政策一般模型時，不是從補貼導致的需求和供給曲線的變化出發(fā)，而是從維持環(huán)境品質標準(即環(huán)境可持續(xù)性標準)的角度出發(fā)建立模型。通過一定環(huán)境品質標準下補貼造成的外部性成本的變化更直接地揭露出補貼對環(huán)境的損害。第三，將有害環(huán)境的補貼政策改革所面臨的障礙歸納為政治上、技術上和觀念上三個方面，使政策制定者、學者、社會大眾等不同群體從不同的角度入手，更清晰地了解改革的困難，并使各方更有針對性地為克服這些障礙做出努力。 隨著全球環(huán)境問題的日益嚴重和補貼政策改革將取得的巨大的環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟效益，有害環(huán)境的補貼政策改革勢在必行。我國面臨著來自國際社會越來越大的環(huán)保壓力，因此本文也試圖通過以上的分析體系，為我國在環(huán)境改善中將面臨的有害環(huán)境的補貼政策改革，尤其是有害環(huán)境的能源補貼政策改革提供一些理論指導和政策建議。
[Abstract]:With the development of the research, the relationship between subsidy and environmental damage has been paid more and more attention. This paper defines the meaning of the subsidy policy which is harmful to the environment. By constructing a model of the interaction between subsidy and environment, the mechanism of environmental damage is revealed. Based on the analysis of externality theory and demand expansion effect of subsidy policy, In this paper, a general model of environmentally harmful subsidy policy is constructed, which proves the view that subsidies will aggravate environmental damage from the point of view of maintaining environmental quality standards. Then, taking energy subsidies as an example, The conclusion that both producer and consumer subsidies will cause environmental damage and the scale of subsidies are revealed through model analysis. Through the analysis of the cost benefits of reform and the change of policy environment, Prove the environmental and economic advantages of the reform. Finally, through the barrier analysis, give policy recommendations. The innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in the following three points. Firstly, the paper proposes a new classification of the subsidy policy of harmful environment into renewable resource subsidy and non-renewable resource subsidy. Emphasizing the role of externality of resource utilization in the process of environmental damage of subsidies, explaining its mechanism more intuitively, and making the reform more targeted. Secondly, when constructing the general model of subsidy policy that is harmful to the environment, Not from the changes in the demand and supply curves caused by subsidies, Instead, the model is built from the perspective of maintaining environmental quality standards (i.e. environmental sustainability standards). Through the change of externality cost caused by subsidies under certain environmental quality standards, the damage caused by subsidies to the environment is more directly exposed. Third, The obstacles to the reform of subsidy policies that are harmful to the environment can be summed up into three aspects: political, technical and conceptual, so that different groups, such as policy makers, scholars, and the general public, will have a clearer understanding of the difficulties of the reform from different angles. And to make more targeted efforts to overcome these obstacles. With the increasingly serious global environmental problems and the enormous environmental and economic benefits that will be achieved through the reform of the subsidy policy, it is imperative to reform the subsidy policy that is harmful to the environment. Therefore, this paper also attempts to provide some theoretical guidance and policy advice for the reform of the harmful environmental subsidy policy, especially the energy subsidy policy reform, which will be faced in the environmental improvement in China through the above analysis system.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：F062.2

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