【摘要】：城鎮(zhèn)化問題是我國經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的重大問題,是“十二五”期間的重要任務(wù)。近年來,隨著我國城鎮(zhèn)化的深入發(fā)展,農(nóng)村的生產(chǎn)、生活環(huán)境得到了明顯的改善和提高,城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)也有了一定的成效,有力地推動了我國全面小康社會和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的發(fā)展。但長期以來,隨著城鎮(zhèn)化的發(fā)展,人們更加關(guān)注經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展而忽略了生態(tài)環(huán)境的保護,只重視經(jīng)濟效益而忽視了環(huán)境效益和社會效益。城鎮(zhèn)化迅速發(fā)展的過程中,我國農(nóng)村生態(tài)環(huán)境遭受著巨大挑戰(zhàn)。越來越多的生態(tài)環(huán)境問題擺在我們面前,農(nóng)村生態(tài)環(huán)境日益惡化,嚴重地影響和制約著城鎮(zhèn)化的可持續(xù)發(fā)展和農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的潛力,給人們的生產(chǎn)、生活,鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)的生存、發(fā)展乃至國家的環(huán)境安全都造成了極大的威脅。 黑龍江省作為中國的農(nóng)業(yè)大省,不斷地探索農(nóng)村城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展與改革的實踐,城鎮(zhèn)化水平走在全國前列。然而,在快速發(fā)展城鎮(zhèn)化的過程中,農(nóng)村的生態(tài)環(huán)境遭受著嚴重的破壞,環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)威脅到農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的食用安全、農(nóng)民的身體健康,阻礙了農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟增長的速度。因此,農(nóng)村生態(tài)環(huán)境保護應(yīng)得到政府和社會的重視�；谝陨媳尘�,研究黑龍江省城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)中的生態(tài)環(huán)境保護問題尤為重要。 本文以黑龍江省城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)中生態(tài)環(huán)境保護問題為研究對象,首先,介紹國內(nèi)外城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)中生態(tài)環(huán)境保護的經(jīng)驗與借鑒；其次,介紹黑龍江省城鎮(zhèn)化概況及城鎮(zhèn)化對黑龍江省生態(tài)環(huán)境的不利影響；再次,分析黑龍江省城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)中生態(tài)環(huán)境保護的現(xiàn)狀及目標：最后分析黑龍江省生態(tài)環(huán)境保護存在的問題并基于層次分析法(AHP)對造成黑龍江省生態(tài)環(huán)境保護問題的影響因素進行分析,得出政策問題是制約黑龍江省城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)中生態(tài)環(huán)境保護問題的關(guān)鍵因素,其次分別是思想問題、管理問題和技術(shù)問題。基于以上分析,本文提出加強法制建設(shè),建立健全生態(tài)環(huán)境保護法律法規(guī)；控制人口增長速度,加強環(huán)境保護宣傳教育；建立完善農(nóng)村生態(tài)補償機制,加強農(nóng)村生態(tài)環(huán)境保護力度等能夠推進黑龍江省生態(tài)環(huán)境保護的對策建議。 因此,期望本文的研究能對黑龍江省城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)中生態(tài)環(huán)境保護問題提供理論指導(dǎo)和實踐意義。
[Abstract]:Urbanization is a major issue in China's economic and social development and an important task during the Twelfth five-year Plan. In recent years, with the in-depth development of urbanization in China, the production of rural areas, the living environment has been significantly improved and improved, urbanization has also achieved some results, effectively promoting the development of China's all-round well-off society and modernization. But for a long time, with the development of urbanization, people pay more attention to the development of economy and ignore the protection of ecological environment, but only pay attention to the economic benefits but ignore the environmental and social benefits. With the rapid development of urbanization, China's rural ecological environment is subject to great challenges. More and more ecological environmental problems are facing us, and the rural ecological environment is deteriorating day by day, seriously affecting and restricting the sustainable development of urbanization and the potential of rural economic development, giving people's production, life and the survival of villages and towns. Development and even the country's environmental security have posed a great threat. Heilongjiang Province, as a major agricultural province in China, is constantly exploring the practice of rural urbanization development and reform, and the level of urbanization is at the forefront of the country. However, in the process of rapid development of urbanization, the ecological environment in rural areas has suffered serious damage, environmental pollution has threatened the food safety of agricultural products, the health of farmers, and hindered the speed of rural economic growth. Therefore, the protection of rural ecological environment should be attached importance to by the government and society. Based on the above background, it is very important to study the ecological environment protection in the urbanization construction of Heilongjiang Province. This article takes the ecological environment protection in the urbanization construction of Heilongjiang Province as the research object. Firstly, it introduces the experience and reference of the ecological environment protection in the urbanization construction at home and abroad. Secondly, this paper introduces the general situation of urbanization in Heilongjiang Province and the adverse effects of urbanization on ecological environment in Heilongjiang Province. Again, The present situation and goal of ecological environment protection in urbanization construction of Heilongjiang Province are analyzed. Finally, the existing problems of ecological environment protection in Heilongjiang Province are analyzed and based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (AHP) to cause the ecological environment protection problem in Heilongjiang Province. Analysis of the influencing factors, It is concluded that the policy problem is the key factor restricting the ecological environment protection in the urbanization construction of Heilongjiang Province, followed by the ideological problem, the management problem and the technical problem. Based on the above analysis, this paper proposes to strengthen the construction of the legal system, establish and improve the laws and regulations of ecological and environmental protection, control the rate of population growth, strengthen the publicity and education of environmental protection; Establishing and perfecting the mechanism of rural ecological compensation and strengthening the protection of rural ecological environment can promote the countermeasures and suggestions of ecological environmental protection in Heilongjiang Province. Therefore, it is expected that the study of this paper can provide theoretical guidance and practical significance for ecological environment protection in urbanization construction of Heilongjiang Province.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X321;F299.21

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