【摘要】：新型城市化是在新的歷史時(shí)期針對(duì)我國城市化進(jìn)程中出現(xiàn)的眾多問題而提出的全新城市化理念,也是在新型工業(yè)化道路的背景下提出的全新城市化戰(zhàn)略。無論是理論界還是政府部門,對(duì)新型城市化的內(nèi)涵和實(shí)踐都處在摸索和探討階段,這正是本文選擇研究新型城市化的初衷所在。 本文研究的基本思路是,在綜述已有的研究成果基礎(chǔ)之上,明確界定新型城市化的內(nèi)涵,并根據(jù)新型城市化的內(nèi)涵,結(jié)合黑龍江省情,遵循指標(biāo)體系的設(shè)定原則,構(gòu)建了黑龍江新型城市化的指標(biāo)體系。在此基礎(chǔ)上,使用主成分分析法對(duì)該省12個(gè)地級(jí)市的新型城市化發(fā)展水平進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),得到五個(gè)主成分因子——經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施發(fā)展因子、生活質(zhì)量因子、城鄉(xiāng)一體化因子、生活保障因子和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)因子,隨后計(jì)算各主成分因子的得分和各城市新型城市化發(fā)展水平的綜合得分。最后使用各年度新型城市化發(fā)展水平綜合得分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)作為變量,各城市作為樣品,進(jìn)行聚類分析,將12個(gè)城市的城市化發(fā)展?fàn)顩r分為四種類型。文章結(jié)尾處對(duì)分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行總結(jié),并給出了合理的政策建議。 文章得到以下結(jié)論：新型城市化發(fā)展綜合水平呈現(xiàn)波動(dòng)性,并且在波動(dòng)中有小幅提高。影響新型城市化水平差異最主要的因素是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平,但不是導(dǎo)致城市化發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)差異化的唯一因素,基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施水平、社會(huì)保障水平、城鄉(xiāng)一體化水平、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)水平等也是影響黑龍江省新型城市化發(fā)展差異的重要因素。 城鄉(xiāng)差距是制約新型城市化水平提升的“瓶頸”。黑龍江省的城市化發(fā)展具有明顯的二元結(jié)構(gòu)趨勢(shì),即大城市處于過度聚集的狀態(tài),而農(nóng)村城市化進(jìn)程發(fā)展緩慢,存在較大城鄉(xiāng)差距。 產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)失衡是近年來黑龍江省城市化進(jìn)程趨緩的主要原因,產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)具有較大優(yōu)化空間。說明城市群的輻射能力不強(qiáng),集聚經(jīng)濟(jì)效益偏低,群體內(nèi)部的協(xié)作關(guān)系弱,缺乏高度的產(chǎn)業(yè)關(guān)聯(lián)性。因此,調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu),使產(chǎn)業(yè)布局更加合理,轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式將成為未來發(fā)展的方向。
[Abstract]:New urbanization is a new concept of urbanization proposed in the new historical period in view of many problems in the process of urbanization in China. It is also a new urbanization strategy put forward under the background of the new road of industrialization. The connotation and practice of new urbanization are in the stage of exploration and discussion, which is the original intention of this paper. The basic idea of this study is to clearly define the connotation of new-type urbanization on the basis of summarizing the existing research results, and follow the principle of setting the index system according to the connotation of new-type urbanization and the situation of Heilongjiang Province. The index system of new urbanization in Heilongjiang is constructed. On this basis, using principal component analysis method to evaluate the new urbanization development level of 12 prefectural cities in the province, five principal component factors, economic development and infrastructure development factor, quality of life factor, urban-rural integration factor, are obtained. Life security factor and industrial structure factor, then calculate the score of each principal component factor and the comprehensive score of each city's new urbanization development level. Finally, the comprehensive score data of each year's new urbanization development level is used as the variable, each city as the sample, carries on the cluster analysis, divides the 12 cities' urbanization development condition into four types. At the end of the article, the analysis results are summarized, and reasonable policy suggestions are given. The conclusions are as follows: the comprehensive level of new urbanization is fluctuating and increasing slightly. The most important factor influencing the difference of new urbanization level is the level of economic development, but not the only factor leading to the differentiation of urbanization development, the level of infrastructure, the level of social security, the level of urban-rural integration. The level of industrial structure is also an important factor affecting the development of new urbanization in Heilongjiang Province. The gap between urban and rural areas is the bottleneck restricting the promotion of new urbanization level. The development of urbanization in Heilongjiang Province has an obvious trend of dual structure, that is, large cities are in a state of excessive aggregation, while the process of urbanization in rural areas is slow and there is a large gap between urban and rural areas. The imbalance of industrial structure is the main reason for slowing down the process of urbanization in Heilongjiang Province in recent years, and the industrial structure has a great space for optimization. It shows that the radiation capacity of the urban agglomeration is not strong, the economic benefit of agglomeration is low, the cooperation relationship within the group is weak, and there is a lack of high industrial relevance. Therefore, adjusting the economic structure, making the industrial distribution more reasonable, changing the economic development model will become the direction of future development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F299.2

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