【摘要】：隨著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化進(jìn)展的深化，中國(guó)加入世界貿(mào)易組織后經(jīng)濟(jì)迅猛發(fā)展，信息技術(shù)在物流領(lǐng)域的運(yùn)用和發(fā)展，各國(guó)快遞物流企業(yè)之間面對(duì)的是全球這個(gè)共同的市場(chǎng)。近年來(lái)，電子商務(wù)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì)飛速發(fā)展，對(duì)物流提出了更高的要求，快遞物流企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)越來(lái)越殘酷，物流企業(yè)靠過(guò)去在技術(shù)、資金和網(wǎng)絡(luò)建立的先動(dòng)優(yōu)勢(shì)已經(jīng)無(wú)法保住企業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)。各大快遞企業(yè)都在絞盡腦汁的開(kāi)源節(jié)流，紛紛設(shè)置專(zhuān)門(mén)的采購(gòu)職能。加強(qiáng)采購(gòu)管理正成為新的利潤(rùn)可持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)，越來(lái)越受到各快遞企業(yè)的重視，對(duì)企業(yè)總擁有成本降低起到重要貢獻(xiàn)。 本文將以全球500強(qiáng)X公司為研究對(duì)象，首先深入分析目前X公司的采購(gòu)管理特點(diǎn)及現(xiàn)狀。相比傳統(tǒng)制造行業(yè)的采購(gòu)活動(dòng)，物流快遞企業(yè)物流網(wǎng)點(diǎn)遍布全球各地，單個(gè)操作中心、配送倉(cāng)庫(kù)和轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)中心的物料采購(gòu)量少，采購(gòu)種類(lèi)多，每個(gè)使用部門(mén)的倉(cāng)庫(kù)存放空間有限，物流配送成本高，個(gè)別客戶(hù)所用的物料規(guī)格特殊，這些都成為物流領(lǐng)域的采購(gòu)管理難題。其次，針對(duì)X公司采購(gòu)部門(mén)績(jī)效考核存在采購(gòu)價(jià)格高、交貨期長(zhǎng)、庫(kù)存管理不善的問(wèn)題，通過(guò)大量查閱專(zhuān)家和學(xué)者們的研究成果、論文和方法論，運(yùn)用了Kraljic矩陣、魚(yú)骨圖法、采購(gòu)流程優(yōu)化、線性回歸法、概率法計(jì)算安全庫(kù)存、集中采購(gòu)與分散采購(gòu)組合、總擁有成本理論、交易理論等理論和方法，，提出了多供應(yīng)商策略、直接采購(gòu)策略、優(yōu)化采購(gòu)流程、集中采購(gòu)與分散采購(gòu)相結(jié)合、縮短運(yùn)輸配送時(shí)間、提高需求預(yù)測(cè)準(zhǔn)確性、改善庫(kù)存管理等改善策略。最后提出了采購(gòu)人員培訓(xùn)、管理層面支持和信息系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化等實(shí)施保障措施，總結(jié)了成本節(jié)約、庫(kù)存周轉(zhuǎn)天數(shù)和交貨準(zhǔn)時(shí)率的改善結(jié)果。 論文從提升X公司的物料采購(gòu)管理效益的角度出發(fā)，分析了快遞企業(yè)物料采購(gòu)過(guò)程中改善采購(gòu)價(jià)格、縮短交貨期和改善庫(kù)存的方法和策略，最終有效地降低企業(yè)總擁有成本，保證了物料供應(yīng)的穩(wěn)定性，提升了企業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，希望能供國(guó)內(nèi)外物流快遞企業(yè)或者相關(guān)企業(yè)的采購(gòu)管理借鑒。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of global economic integration and the rapid economic development after China's entry into WTO, the application and development of information technology in the field of logistics, express logistics enterprises in various countries are facing this common global market. In recent years, with the rapid development of electronic commerce and network economy, higher demands on logistics have been put forward. The competition of express logistics enterprises is becoming more and more cruel. Logistics enterprises rely on the technology in the past. The first-mover advantage of capital and network has been unable to protect the competitive advantage of enterprises. Major express delivery enterprises are racking their brains to cut expenditure, set up a special procurement function. Strengthening purchasing management is becoming a new sustainable growth point of profit, which is paid more and more attention by express delivery enterprises, and plays an important role in reducing the total cost of ownership. In this paper, we will take the top 500 X companies as the research object. Firstly, we will deeply analyze the characteristics and current situation of the procurement management of X Company. Compared with the procurement activities in traditional manufacturing industry, logistics express enterprises have logistics outlets all over the world, with a single operation center, a distribution warehouse and a trans-shipment center, with a small amount of materials purchased, a variety of procurement types, and a limited storage space for each use department. The high cost of logistics distribution and the special specifications of materials used by individual customers have become the procurement management problems in the field of logistics. Secondly, in view of the problems of high purchase price, long delivery period and poor inventory management in the performance appraisal of procurement department of X Company, through consulting the research results, papers and methodologies of experts and scholars, we use Kraljic matrix, fish bone map method. Purchasing process optimization, linear regression method, probability method to calculate safe inventory, centralized purchasing and decentralized purchasing combination, total cost of ownership theory, transaction theory and other theories and methods, put forward multi-supplier strategy, direct procurement strategy, etc. Optimize the purchasing process, combine centralized purchasing with decentralized purchasing, shorten the time of transportation and distribution, improve the accuracy of demand prediction, improve inventory management and so on. Finally, the paper puts forward the measures to ensure the training of purchasing staff, management support and information system optimization, and summarizes the improvement results of cost saving, inventory turnover days and delivery on time. From the point of view of improving the benefit of material purchase management in X Company, the paper analyzes the methods and strategies to improve the purchasing price, shorten the delivery time and improve the inventory in the process of material purchase in express delivery enterprises, and finally effectively reduce the total cost of ownership of the enterprise. It ensures the stability of the material supply and promotes the competitiveness of the enterprises. It hopes to be used for reference for the procurement management of domestic and foreign logistics express enterprises or related enterprises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F274;F259.23

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前9條

1 毛文江;;供應(yīng)鏈合作伙伴關(guān)系中影響交易費(fèi)用的因素[J];重慶科技學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2012年11期

2 朱曉琴;朱啟貴;;基于TCO的采購(gòu)成本管理綜述[J];重慶交通大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2007年01期

3 陳志祥;馬嵐;;基于TCO模式的采購(gòu)成本分析法的應(yīng)用研究[J];工業(yè)工程;2006年02期

4 戴更新,達(dá)慶利;多階段EOQ的合并訂購(gòu)策略[J];管理工程學(xué)報(bào);2000年03期

5 蔣震宇;;集中采購(gòu)淺析[J];全國(guó)商情(理論研究);2010年07期

6 萬(wàn)鳳嬌;;基于交易費(fèi)用理論的物流戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴關(guān)系形成的內(nèi)在機(jī)理研究[J];商場(chǎng)現(xiàn)代化;2012年06期

7 李兵;;傳統(tǒng)物流與供應(yīng)鏈管理模式下采購(gòu)策略的比較[J];鐵路采購(gòu)與物流;2009年04期

8 潘燕華;馬穎莉;;基于MC環(huán)境下服裝企業(yè)分散采購(gòu)策略研究[J];江蘇商論;2013年01期

9 王耀光;;交易費(fèi)用的定義、分類(lèi)和測(cè)量研究綜述[J];首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2013年05期

本文編號(hào)：2360949