【摘要】：在世界各國(guó)關(guān)注并推行低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)和可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的背景下，我國(guó)作為主要的能源消耗和碳排放大國(guó)，在環(huán)境污染和能源消耗日益嚴(yán)重的壓力下，通過(guò)發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)模式實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展已成為必然趨勢(shì)。以化石燃料燃燒為能源的交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)是碳排放的主要來(lái)源之一，其低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行模式備受關(guān)注。因此承擔(dān)起環(huán)保責(zé)任的運(yùn)輸業(yè)必須結(jié)合節(jié)能減排形勢(shì)，實(shí)施低碳運(yùn)輸，，加快綠色低碳環(huán)保交通運(yùn)輸模式的發(fā)展。 本文主要研究考慮低碳因素的帶軟時(shí)間窗和具有多配送中心的車(chē)輛路徑優(yōu)化問(wèn)題。文章首先結(jié)合低碳物流的配送特點(diǎn)，從車(chē)輛路徑問(wèn)題相關(guān)研究理論出發(fā)，在車(chē)輛路徑優(yōu)化基本模型中考慮了車(chē)輛行駛距離對(duì)燃油消耗量和二氧化碳排放量的影響因素，分別建立了以總成本最小化為目標(biāo)的帶軟時(shí)間窗的低碳車(chē)輛路徑模型和具有多配送中心的低碳車(chē)輛路徑模型。在此基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)研究的實(shí)際問(wèn)題和模型需要，利用遺傳算法的基本原理對(duì)所建模型進(jìn)行了求解算法設(shè)計(jì)，并運(yùn)用MATLAB進(jìn)行編程，使所建模型求解最終得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。最后以G連鎖超市在該地區(qū)的實(shí)際配送數(shù)據(jù)作為實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，選取兩個(gè)配送實(shí)例分別對(duì)本文構(gòu)建的兩個(gè)模型和設(shè)計(jì)的的遺傳算法進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。 模型比較和數(shù)值分析表明，基于本文構(gòu)建的模型和自適應(yīng)遺傳算法所提出的低碳車(chē)輛路徑方案，得到了最小配送成本和最優(yōu)的配送路線，可以滿(mǎn)足現(xiàn)實(shí)顧客的需求，具有節(jié)省物流成本、提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的優(yōu)勢(shì)；數(shù)值算例結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了本文提出的關(guān)于低碳路徑規(guī)劃兩種應(yīng)用情況的可行性，為節(jié)能減排和發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)提供了新的理論方法，對(duì)于物流企業(yè)為提高顧客個(gè)性化需求的低碳運(yùn)營(yíng)提供了具有參考價(jià)值的解決方案。
[Abstract]:Under the background of low carbon economy and sustainable development strategy, China, as a major energy consumption and carbon emission country, is under increasing pressure of environmental pollution and energy consumption. It has become an inevitable trend to realize sustainable development by developing low-carbon economy model. Transportation with fossil fuel combustion as the energy source is one of the main sources of carbon emissions, and its low carbon economic operation model has attracted much attention. Therefore, the transportation industry, which bears the responsibility of environmental protection, must combine the situation of energy saving and emission reduction, implement low-carbon transportation, and accelerate the development of green and low-carbon transportation mode. In this paper, the problem of vehicle routing optimization with soft time windows and multiple distribution centers is studied. Based on the distribution characteristics of low-carbon logistics and the related theory of vehicle routing problem, this paper considers the influence factors of vehicle travel distance on fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions in the basic model of vehicle path optimization. A low carbon vehicle routing model with soft time window and a low carbon vehicle routing model with multiple distribution centers are established with the goal of minimizing total cost. On this basis, according to the practical problems and the needs of the model, the algorithm of solving the model is designed based on the basic principle of genetic algorithm, and the programming is carried out by using MATLAB, so that the solution of the model can be realized finally. Finally, taking the actual distribution data of G chain supermarket in this area as experimental data, two distribution examples are selected to verify the two models and the genetic algorithm designed in this paper. The model comparison and numerical analysis show that the low carbon vehicle routing scheme based on the model constructed in this paper and the adaptive genetic algorithm can get the minimum distribution cost and the optimal distribution route, which can meet the needs of real customers. It has the advantages of saving logistics cost and improving economic benefit. The numerical results verify the feasibility of the two applications of low-carbon path planning proposed in this paper, and provide a new theoretical method for energy saving and emission reduction and the development of low-carbon economy. For logistics enterprises to improve customer demand for low-carbon operations to provide a reference value of the solution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP18;F259.2

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