【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速增長(zhǎng),我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)面貌日新月異,然而在城市偏向的發(fā)展路徑下,城市建設(shè)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)快于農(nóng)村地區(qū),城鄉(xiāng)差距越來(lái)越成為進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的阻礙,三農(nóng)問(wèn)題日益受到重視,而城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化是解決三農(nóng)問(wèn)題的根本途徑。從經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展規(guī)律和發(fā)達(dá)家的發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)看,城鄉(xiāng)融合將是我國(guó)未來(lái)城鄉(xiāng)關(guān)系的發(fā)展總趨勢(shì),本文試圖從實(shí)證角度來(lái)論證這一發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。根據(jù)已有關(guān)于城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化水平評(píng)價(jià)的研究,本文構(gòu)建了包含三個(gè)指標(biāo)層次、五個(gè)方面指標(biāo)和36個(gè)基礎(chǔ)指標(biāo)的城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,運(yùn)用兩步主成分分析法,對(duì)我國(guó)2000-2012年的城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化水平以及2012年各省、各區(qū)域的城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化水平進(jìn)行了測(cè)度和分析。研究結(jié)果表明2000-2012年,我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化水平以及空間、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、文化和生態(tài)環(huán)境五個(gè)方面指標(biāo)的水平都呈現(xiàn)穩(wěn)步上升的態(tài)勢(shì),城鄉(xiāng)之間的整體差距在不斷縮小,符合城鄉(xiāng)融合的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展規(guī)律。2012年,我國(guó)各省之間的城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化水平差距較大,呈現(xiàn)直轄市(如上海、北京、天津)及東部經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)省份(如浙江、江蘇、廣東)的發(fā)展水平高,西部偏遠(yuǎn)、經(jīng)濟(jì)落后的省份(如云南、甘肅、新疆)發(fā)展水平低的態(tài)勢(shì)。同時(shí),城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化水平在東、中、西部及東北地區(qū)也存在顯著差異,其中東部地區(qū)不論是城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化總水平還是各方面指標(biāo)的水平都遙遙領(lǐng)先于其他地區(qū)。城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化水平的提高主要得益于社會(huì)保障體系的完善、交通通信建設(shè)的進(jìn)步和非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,而農(nóng)村地區(qū)投資不足、農(nóng)民消費(fèi)能力過(guò)低限制了城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化水平的提高。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid growth of the economy, the appearance of urban and rural areas in China is changing with each passing day. However, under the development path of urban bias, urban construction is far faster than in rural areas, and the gap between urban and rural areas is becoming more and more obstacles to further development. More and more attention has been paid to the issue of agriculture, countryside and farmers, and the integration of urban and rural development is the fundamental way to solve the problem. According to the law of economic and social development and the development experience of developed countries, the integration of urban and rural areas will be the general trend of the future urban-rural relations in China. This paper attempts to demonstrate this trend from an empirical point of view. According to the existing research on the evaluation of urban-rural development integration level, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of urban-rural development integration, which includes three index levels, five indicators and 36 basic indicators, and applies two-step principal component analysis. This paper measures and analyzes the level of urban-rural development integration in China from 2000 to 2012 and the level of urban-rural development integration in all provinces and regions in 2012. The results show that from 2000 to 2012, the level of integration of urban and rural development and the level of spatial, economic, social, cultural and ecological environment indicators all show a steady upward trend, and the overall gap between urban and rural areas is narrowing. In 2012, the level of urban-rural integration between provinces in China has a large gap, showing that municipalities directly under the Central Government (such as Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin) and the eastern economically developed provinces (such as Zhejiang, Jiangsu, China), Guangdong has a high level of development and a low level of development in remote and economically backward provinces such as Yunnan, Gansu, and Xinjiang. At the same time, the integration level of urban and rural development in the east, middle, western and northeast areas also exist significant differences, in which the eastern region is far ahead of other regions in terms of the overall level of urban-rural development integration and the level of indicators in all aspects. The improvement of the level of integration of urban and rural development is mainly due to the improvement of social security system, the progress of traffic and communication construction and the rapid development of non-agricultural industries, and the insufficient investment in rural areas. The low consumption capacity of farmers limits the improvement of the level of integration of urban and rural development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F299.2

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