【摘要】：自2001年我國加入WTO以來，我國的出口貿(mào)易快速增長，，2001年到2012年，在排除價格因素后，我國出口總額的平均增長率達到了16%。但是，隨著貿(mào)易規(guī)模的擴大，我國的貿(mào)易利益并沒有相應地增加，造成這種情況的原因有很多，而我國廉價的勞動力資源是其中的亮點。所以，本文的目的就是分析勞動力市場扭曲對出口貿(mào)易的影響。以往的文章都是分析整個要素市場扭曲對出口貿(mào)易量、貿(mào)易利益的影響，或者分析勞動力市場扭曲對國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟的影響，而本文分析單個要素市場扭曲-勞動力市場扭曲對出口貿(mào)易的影響,不僅對推動出口貿(mào)易的健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要的意義，而且還為發(fā)展中國對外貿(mào)易提供相關決策依據(jù)。另外，通過定量分析勞動力市場扭曲對出口貿(mào)易的真實影響，不僅有助于解釋中國出口貿(mào)易利益為何沒有隨著出口貿(mào)易規(guī)模的擴大而增加的問題，而且有利于國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟體制的深層改革、經(jīng)濟的健康穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。 文章首先分析了勞動力市場扭曲與出口貿(mào)易的相關理論。其次，分析了我國勞動力市場扭曲現(xiàn)狀、成因及其產(chǎn)生的經(jīng)濟效應。再次，用理論分析和實證分析相結合的方法研究勞動力市場扭曲對出口貿(mào)易的影響。在理論方面，運用大衛(wèi)李嘉圖的比較利益學說和哈伯勒的機會成本概念說明勞動力市場扭曲是我國出口貿(mào)易的一個比較優(yōu)勢。在實證方面，首先用C-D生產(chǎn)函數(shù)的方法測量了我國2001-2011年25個工業(yè)行業(yè)的勞動力市場扭曲度，從測量的結果上看，我國工業(yè)行業(yè)的勞動力市場扭曲度整體上呈現(xiàn)上升的趨勢，這是我國政治遺留和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展造成的困境。然后用工業(yè)行業(yè)的勞動力市場扭曲度、資本市場扭曲度、外商資本構建面板數(shù)據(jù)來測量勞動力市場扭曲度對我國出口額的影響，結果說明了勞動力市場扭曲促進了我國出口貿(mào)易的增長。我們發(fā)展貿(mào)易并不是追求貿(mào)易量不斷增長，而是為了獲得更多的貿(mào)易利益、提高對外貿(mào)易福利。但是，我國出口貿(mào)易規(guī)模在不斷增長時卻伴隨著貿(mào)易利益的惡化，所以，本文接著分析了勞動力市場扭曲對出口貿(mào)易利益的制約。最后，針對我國勞動力市場扭曲對出口貿(mào)易造成的非持續(xù)增長問題，提出了相關的對策及建議，以實現(xiàn)我國貿(mào)易規(guī)模和貿(mào)易利益的同步增長。
[Abstract]:Since China's entry into WTO in 2001, China's export trade has increased rapidly. From 2001 to 2012, the average growth rate of China's total export volume reached 16% after excluding price factors. However, with the expansion of the scale of trade, the trade interests of our country have not increased correspondingly, there are many reasons for this situation, and the cheap labor resources are the bright spot. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of labor market distortion on export trade. Previous articles have analyzed the impact of the distortion of the entire factor market on the volume of export trade, the benefits of trade, or the impact of the distortion of the labour market on the domestic economy. This paper analyzes the influence of single factor market distortion-labor market distortion on export trade, which not only has important significance to promote the healthy and sustainable development of export trade, but also provides relevant decision-making basis for the development of China's foreign trade. In addition, quantitative analysis of the real impact of labor market distortions on export trade not only helps to explain why the benefits of China's export trade do not increase with the expansion of export trade, And it is conducive to the deep reform of the domestic economic system and the healthy and stable development of the economy. Firstly, the paper analyzes the theory of labor market distortion and export trade. Secondly, the paper analyzes the current situation, causes and economic effects of labor market distortion in China. In theory, using David Ricardo's theory of comparative interests and Hubble's concept of opportunity cost, it is proved that labor market distortion is a comparative advantage of China's export trade. In the empirical aspect, the labor market distortion of 25 industrial industries in China from 2001 to 2011 is measured by C-D production function method. From the measurement results, the labor market distortion of China's industrial industry is on the whole rising. This is our country's political legacy and economic development caused by the plight. Then the labor market distortion, capital market distortion, foreign capital construction panel data are used to measure the impact of labor market distortion on China's exports. The results show that labor market distortion promotes the growth of China's export trade. We are developing trade not to increase trade volume, but to gain more trade benefits and improve foreign trade welfare. However, the scale of China's export trade is increasing with the deterioration of trade interests. Therefore, this paper then analyzes the constraints of labor market distortions on export trade interests. Finally, in view of the non-sustainable growth of export trade caused by the distortion of labor market in China, this paper puts forward some relevant countermeasures and suggestions to realize the simultaneous growth of trade scale and trade interests.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F249.21;F752.62

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