【摘要】：隨著地球生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的交互性、復(fù)雜性與整體性特征日益顯現(xiàn),綜合分析和比較各類人為環(huán)境影響及其最大安全閾值,對(duì)于從整體上判斷人類活動(dòng)的可持續(xù)性、揭示承載力的超載程度具有重要意義�；诃h(huán)境足跡和行星邊界兩項(xiàng)新概念,運(yùn)用極差法和目標(biāo)距離法對(duì)全球30個(gè)主要國(guó)家的碳、水和土地赤字?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化與權(quán)重化處理,得到一個(gè)復(fù)合的國(guó)家環(huán)境可持續(xù)性壓力指數(shù),并結(jié)合3項(xiàng)環(huán)境赤字的實(shí)際分布狀況,將所有國(guó)家劃分為4類:環(huán)境強(qiáng)可持續(xù)性(3國(guó))、環(huán)境弱可持續(xù)性(8國(guó))、環(huán)境弱不可持續(xù)性(9國(guó))、環(huán)境強(qiáng)不可持續(xù)性(10國(guó))�？傮w上,環(huán)境可持續(xù)性壓力呈現(xiàn)南美洲國(guó)家低、亞洲和非洲國(guó)家居中、歐美發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家高的地域格局,亞洲是4類國(guó)家并存的唯一大洲。全球的碳、水和土地足跡-邊界比分別為3.0、0.6、0.7,表明就全球尺度而言,溫室氣體排放已處于嚴(yán)重超載狀態(tài),水資源消費(fèi)和土地利用尚處于盈余狀態(tài),這與現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)結(jié)果相吻合,從而在一定程度上驗(yàn)證了本研究結(jié)論的可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the interactivity of the Earth's ecosystem, the characteristics of complexity and integrity are becoming more and more obvious. The comprehensive analysis and comparison of various types of anthropogenic environmental impacts and their maximum safety threshold are useful for judging the sustainability of human activities as a whole. It is of great significance to reveal the overloading degree of bearing capacity. Based on the two new concepts of environmental footprint and planetary boundary, the carbon, water and land deficit data of 30 major countries around the world are standardized and weighted using the range method and the target distance method. A composite national environmental sustainability stress index, combined with the actual distribution of three environmental deficits, All countries are classified into four categories: strong environmental sustainability (3 countries), weak environmental sustainability (8 countries), weak environmental insustainability (9 countries) and strong environmental insustainability (10 countries). On the whole, the pressure of environmental sustainability is low in South America, middle in Asia and Africa, and high in developed countries in Europe and America. Asia is the only continent where four kinds of countries coexist. The global carbon, water and land footprint / boundary ratios are 3.0 / 0.66 / 0, respectively, indicating that, on a global scale, greenhouse gas emissions are seriously overloaded and water consumption and land use are still in surplus, which is consistent with the results of existing literature. To a certain extent, the reliability of the conclusion is verified.
【作者單位】： 荷蘭萊頓大學(xué)環(huán)境科學(xué)系;浙江大學(xué)環(huán)境與能源政策研究中心;荷蘭代爾夫特理工大學(xué)土木工程與地理科學(xué)學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家公派留學(xué)基金(20113005)
【分類號(hào)】：X22

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前8條

1 方愷;沈萬(wàn)斌;;CO_2排放承載力計(jì)算模型的構(gòu)建與應(yīng)用[J];生態(tài)科學(xué);2010年06期

2 焦雯s，

本文編號(hào)：2148734