本文選題：旅行社業(yè) + 經(jīng)營效率��； 參考：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：21世紀(jì)以來,我國旅游業(yè)持續(xù)快速發(fā)展,國內(nèi)旅游與入境旅游兩大市場發(fā)展勢頭強(qiáng)勁,規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大,為旅行社業(yè)提供了良好的市場環(huán)境和發(fā)展機(jī)遇。在如此快速的發(fā)展環(huán)境下,旅行社業(yè)為適應(yīng)更為激烈的市場競爭,提高現(xiàn)有投入資源的使用率,提升自身的組織管理效率,就成為了必然的選擇。本文以我國31個地區(qū)的旅行社總體為研究對象,運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)分析法、DEA靜態(tài)分析法、Malmquist動態(tài)分析法、回歸分析法和比較分析法等方法,客觀而科學(xué)地分析研究了我國旅行社業(yè)經(jīng)營效率及時序變動情況。 本選題的研究目的：(1)通過對國內(nèi)外旅游效率評價相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)和西方效率理論的回顧,科學(xué)構(gòu)建我國旅行社業(yè)經(jīng)營效率評價模型；(2)在確定旅行社業(yè)經(jīng)營效率評價模型基礎(chǔ)上,從靜態(tài)和動態(tài)兩個角度測算我國旅行社業(yè)經(jīng)營效率值,并對旅行社業(yè)經(jīng)營效率及其時序變化情況進(jìn)行詳盡的評價分析；(3)選取可能影響其經(jīng)營效率的宏觀因素,分析其對旅行社業(yè)經(jīng)營效率的影響,了解影響旅行社業(yè)經(jīng)營效率的外部環(huán)境,并提出相關(guān)建議和對策。 本選題的研究過程：(1)提出問題：在對旅行社業(yè)行業(yè)背景了解的基礎(chǔ)上,針對研究的主題、目的和研究的意義,提出需要解決的問題；(2)理論分析：通過相關(guān)中英文文獻(xiàn)回顧和西方效率理論的導(dǎo)入,對相關(guān)概念進(jìn)行界定,在國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀和基礎(chǔ)理論基礎(chǔ)之上,建立旅行社業(yè)經(jīng)營效率評價模型；(3)實(shí)證分析：首先,利用DEA方法,借助DEAP2.1統(tǒng)計(jì)分析軟件測算旅行社業(yè)靜態(tài)經(jīng)營效率,并將其分解為純技術(shù)效率和規(guī)模效率,以此來探討我國旅行社業(yè)經(jīng)營管理無效率的原因；其次,利用Malmquist指數(shù)方法分析旅行社業(yè)全要素生產(chǎn)率的變動情況,并找出導(dǎo)致旅行社業(yè)經(jīng)營效率變化產(chǎn)生的原因；在以上靜態(tài)效率和動態(tài)效率分析的基礎(chǔ)上,從微觀層面上提出相關(guān)的提升旅行社業(yè)經(jīng)營效率的建議與對策；再次,選取可能影響旅行社業(yè)經(jīng)營效率的宏觀因素,建立Tobit回歸模型分析其對旅行社業(yè)經(jīng)營效率的影響,在此基礎(chǔ)上,從宏觀層面上提出相關(guān)的建議與對策。 本選題的研究結(jié)論：(1)經(jīng)營效率方面：第一,我國旅行社業(yè)經(jīng)營效率總體上處于上升趨勢,技術(shù)進(jìn)步對經(jīng)營效率上升的貢獻(xiàn)較大,平均增長率達(dá)到了6.60%；其中,西部地帶增長最快,中部地帶次之,東部地帶增長緩慢。第二,我國旅行社業(yè)技術(shù)效率總體較低且呈現(xiàn)出下降趨勢,其中,東部地帶技術(shù)效率值最高,西部地帶最低,中部地帶居于二者之間。第三,我國旅行社業(yè)純技術(shù)效率總體較低但呈現(xiàn)出微弱的上升趨勢,整體經(jīng)營管理水平不容樂觀；東部地帶純技術(shù)效率值最高,西部地帶次之,中部地帶最低。第四,我國旅行社業(yè)規(guī)模效率值總體較高且呈現(xiàn)出下降趨勢,其中,東部地帶規(guī)模效率值最高,中部地帶次之,西部地帶最低。(2)宏觀影響因素方面：第一,GDP與旅行社業(yè)技術(shù)效率、純技術(shù)效率和規(guī)模效率均呈顯著的負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系；第二,城鎮(zhèn)人口數(shù)量(PEO)與旅行社業(yè)技術(shù)效率和規(guī)模效率呈顯著的正相關(guān)關(guān)系；第三,城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入(INC)與旅行社業(yè)技術(shù)效率和純技術(shù)效率呈顯著的正相關(guān)關(guān)系；第四,星級賓館數(shù)量(HOT)與旅行社業(yè)技術(shù)效率、純技術(shù)效率和規(guī)模效率均呈現(xiàn)出顯著的正相關(guān)關(guān)系。 本選題的創(chuàng)新之處：(1)結(jié)合西方效率理論對實(shí)證研究中的效率進(jìn)行了解讀,從靜態(tài)和動態(tài)兩個方面對旅行社業(yè)經(jīng)營效率及其變化情況進(jìn)行了分析,既完善了旅行社業(yè)經(jīng)營效率評價理論,又豐富和擴(kuò)展了旅游業(yè)效率的研究內(nèi)涵。(2)建立非平衡面板數(shù)據(jù),第一次嘗試運(yùn)用受限因變量回歸方法對影響旅行社業(yè)經(jīng)營效率的宏觀因素進(jìn)行分析,分析更為全面。
[Abstract]:Since twenty-first Century, the tourism industry in China has been developing rapidly. The two major markets of domestic tourism and inbound tourism are developing strongly and expanding, which provide a good market environment and opportunity for the travel agency. In such a rapid development environment, the travel service industry is to adapt to the more intense market competition and improve the existing investment resources. Using the rate of utilization to improve the efficiency of organization and management, it has become an inevitable choice. This paper, taking the travel agencies of 31 regions of our country as the overall research object, uses the methods of literature analysis, DEA static analysis, Malmquist dynamic analysis, regression analysis and comparative analysis, and objectively and scientifically analysis and study the operation of travel service in China. Efficiency and time series change.
The purpose of this study is as follows: (1) through the review of the relevant literature on Tourism efficiency evaluation at home and abroad and the western efficiency theory, the evaluation model of China's travel agency business efficiency is constructed scientifically; (2) on the basis of determining the evaluation model of the travel agency business efficiency, the operating efficiency value of the travel service industry in China is calculated from the static and dynamic aspects, and the value of the operation efficiency is calculated from the static and dynamic two angles. This paper makes a detailed evaluation and Analysis on the operating efficiency of the travel agency and the change of the time series; (3) select the macro factors that may affect the operating efficiency of the travel agency, analyze its influence on the operation efficiency of the travel agency, understand the external environment affecting the operation efficiency of the travel agency, and put forward some suggestions and countermeasures.
The research process of this topic: (1) put forward the question: on the basis of the understanding of the industry background of the travel agency industry, in view of the subject, purpose and significance of the research, put forward the problems to be solved; (2) theoretical analysis: the related concepts are defined and studied at home and abroad through the review of the relevant Chinese and English literature and the introduction of the efficiency theory of the West. On the basis of the current situation and basic theory, establish the evaluation model of the operation efficiency of travel agency industry. (3) empirical analysis: first, using the DEA method and using DEAP2.1 statistical analysis software to calculate the static operating efficiency of the travel agency industry, and decompose it into pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency, so as to discuss the inefficiency of the operation and management of the travel service industry in China. Secondly, the Malmquist index method is used to analyze the changes of TFP in the travel agency, and to find out the causes that lead to the change in the operating efficiency of the travel agency. On the basis of the above static efficiency and dynamic efficiency analysis, the suggestions and Countermeasures to improve the operation efficiency of the travel agency are put forward from the micro level. Second, select the macro factors that may affect the operation efficiency of the travel agency, and establish the Tobit regression model to analyze its impact on the operation efficiency of the travel agency. On this basis, the relevant suggestions and countermeasures are put forward from the macro level.
The research conclusions of this topic: (1) management efficiency: first, China's travel agency business efficiency in general is in the upward trend, the contribution of technological progress to the increase of operating efficiency, the average growth rate reached 6.60%; of which, the western region is the fastest growing, the central region is the second, the eastern region is slowly increasing. Second, our travel service industry The technical efficiency was lower and showed a downward trend. Among them, the eastern zone has the highest technical efficiency value, the western region is the lowest, the central region is between the two. Third, the pure technical efficiency of our travel service industry is low, but the overall management level is not optimistic; the pure technical efficiency value in the eastern region is the most. High, the western zone is the next and the central zone is the lowest. Fourth, the scale efficiency value of the travel agency industry in China is generally high and presents a downward trend. Among them, the eastern zone has the highest scale efficiency value, the middle zone is the second, the western region is the lowest. (2) the macro influence factors: first, GDP and the travel agency industry technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency are all Second, the number of urban population (PEO) has a significant positive correlation with the technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the travel agency; third, the per capita disposable income of urban residents (INC) has a significant positive correlation with the technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency of the travel service industry; fourth, the number of star hotels (HOT) and the travel service industry There is a significant positive correlation between technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency.
The innovation of this topic: (1) to interpret the efficiency of the empirical study in combination with the western efficiency theory, analyze the operating efficiency and the changes of the travel agency industry from two aspects of static and dynamic aspects, not only improve the evaluation theory of the travel agency business efficiency, but also enrich and expand the research connotation of tourism efficiency. (2) establishment of the research connotation of tourism efficiency. Non equilibrium panel data, the first attempt to use the dependent variable regression method to analyze the macro factors that affect the efficiency of travel agency industry, and analyze it more comprehensively.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F592.6;F224

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