本文選題：集約利用　切入點：中觀評價　出處：《河北聯(lián)合大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著城市化和工業(yè)化的快速發(fā)展，我國城市土地資源面臨的空間壓力和環(huán)境壓力越來越大，出現(xiàn)了城市外延擴展嚴重、土地利用效益低下、用地結構不合理等現(xiàn)象，造成人地矛盾、經濟與環(huán)境矛盾的日益突出。所以，集約利用土地對經濟循環(huán)發(fā)展、建設節(jié)約型社會、提高土地使用效率具有重大的意義。 在土地集約利用評價方法方面，以土地集約利用的一些相關理論為基礎，對模糊綜合評價模型、PRS模型、TOPSIS模型、多因素綜合評價模型、BP神經網絡模型等的特點進行比較，綜合分析，特別針對BP神經網絡模型進行研究，建立BP神經網絡模型，對其進行仿真訓練，得出該模型應用于土地集約利用評價中，能很好的解決各種評價指標之間的非線性關系，消除人為確定指標權重值帶來的主觀因素影響。在城市功能區(qū)劃分方面，通過對城市土地利用特點進行分析，，以GIS技術作為支撐，研究了中觀尺度下城市土地功能區(qū)和樣本片區(qū)的劃分方法。從土地利用強度、土地投入水平、土地利用效率多個方面定性分析城市整體、各功能區(qū)之間的區(qū)別，針對不同類型的功能用地選取不同的評價指標，構建了一套完整的評價指標體系。 以唐山市中心城區(qū)為例進行實證研究。選取2009年的Quirk Bird高分辨率遙感影像作為數據源，在中觀尺度下將唐山中心城區(qū)劃分為居住功能區(qū)、工業(yè)功能區(qū)和商業(yè)功能區(qū)，并對各功能區(qū)從土地利用強度、土地投入和土地產出三個方面建立各自適用的評價指標體系，借助BP人工神經網絡模型測算不同功能區(qū)土地集約利用水平，并對其集約利用潛力值進行計算。得出唐山市居住用地集約度處于中下等水平，具有一定的挖掘空間，主要的挖潛方向為新城擴展和舊城改造；工業(yè)用地集約度水平在中高等以上，集約度較高的區(qū)域為高新技術開發(fā)區(qū)以及東部工業(yè)區(qū)，挖掘空間較小；商業(yè)用地集約利用處于中等水平，集約度值較高的為唐山市的各大商場，還有一定的挖掘空間，但相對較小。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, urban land resources in China are facing more and more space pressure and environmental pressure, such as serious urban extension and expansion, low efficiency of land use, unreasonable structure of land use and so on. Therefore, intensive use of land is of great significance to the development of economy cycle, the construction of economical society and the improvement of land use efficiency. In the aspect of land intensive utilization evaluation method, based on some related theories of land intensive utilization, the characteristics of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, PRS model and TOPSIS model, multifactor comprehensive evaluation model and BP neural network model are compared. Comprehensive analysis, especially for the study of BP neural network model, the establishment of BP neural network model, simulation training to its conclusion that the model is used in land intensive use evaluation, It can solve the nonlinear relationship between various evaluation indexes and eliminate the subjective factors which caused by the artificial determination of index weight. In the urban functional area division, the characteristics of urban land use are analyzed. Based on GIS technology, this paper studies the method of dividing urban land function area and sample area in mesoscale scale. It qualitatively analyzes the whole city from the aspects of land use intensity, land input level and land use efficiency. According to the differences between different functional areas, a complete evaluation index system is constructed according to the different evaluation indexes of different types of functional land. Taking Tangshan central city as an example, the Quirk Bird high-resolution remote sensing image of 2009 is selected as data source, and Tangshan central urban area is divided into residential function area, industrial function area and commercial function area in mesoscale scale. The evaluation index system of land use intensity, land input and land output are established for each functional area, and the land intensive utilization level of different functional areas is calculated by using BP artificial neural network model. It is concluded that the intensity of residential land in Tangshan is at the middle and lower level and has a certain excavation space. The main direction of tapping potential is the expansion of the new city and the transformation of the old city. The industrial land intensive degree level is above the middle and higher level, the high intensity degree area is the high-tech development zone and the eastern industrial zone, the excavating space is small, the commercial land intensive utilization is in the middle level, The high degree of intensity is the major shopping malls in Tangshan City, there is a certain excavation space, but relatively small.
【學位授予單位】：河北聯(lián)合大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F301.2;F224

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