本文關(guān)鍵詞： 電動(dòng)汽車換電站 網(wǎng)絡(luò)布局優(yōu)化 層次分析法 截流選址模型　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展,氣候變化、能源和環(huán)境問(wèn)題已經(jīng)成為人類社會(huì)共同面對(duì)的長(zhǎng)期問(wèn)題,而采用新能源汽車尤其是電動(dòng)汽車來(lái)替代傳統(tǒng)燃油汽車以降低交通領(lǐng)域溫室氣體排放,作為應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變化的重要手段,為世界主要國(guó)家政府和組織所認(rèn)可。我國(guó)作為世界能源消耗大國(guó)和環(huán)境保護(hù)的重要力量,正在積極實(shí)施電動(dòng)汽車科技戰(zhàn)略。然而在面臨電動(dòng)汽車價(jià)格昂貴,充換電基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施不完善的情況下,電動(dòng)汽車推廣難度極大。本文在此背景下研究電動(dòng)汽車換電站的布局優(yōu)化問(wèn)題。 本文首先通過(guò)資料分析介紹了電動(dòng)汽車及換電站的基本概念以及相關(guān)的選址理論,為后文做基礎(chǔ)。通過(guò)對(duì)比分析電動(dòng)汽車的各種充電方式,得出城區(qū)內(nèi)構(gòu)建“電池租賃”模式下的換電站具有相對(duì)的合理性。之后,文章詳盡分析了“電池租賃”的商業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)模式,一方面這種模式將是電動(dòng)汽車大量推廣得以實(shí)現(xiàn)的前提,同時(shí)也為電動(dòng)汽車換電站的選址背景和模型的目的和原則提供了依據(jù)。在換電站布局的模型構(gòu)建方面,本文將其影響因素分為主觀和目標(biāo)兩大類：對(duì)以人為因素為主的主觀因素,本文主要將其歸納為便利性、輔助支撐和建站成本三方面因素,以它們?yōu)橹笜?biāo),通過(guò)層次分析法,專家進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),從而對(duì)候選站址確定權(quán)重；然后以最大化覆蓋區(qū)域內(nèi)的需求為目標(biāo),通過(guò)改進(jìn)的截流選址模型,融入候選站址的權(quán)重構(gòu)建模型。之后通過(guò)以青島市嶗山區(qū)為例,進(jìn)行了模擬分析研究,研究結(jié)果表明本文提供的模型可以提供較優(yōu)的選址方案,能夠?qū)ΜF(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的換電站選址提供一定的決策支持。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and society, the problems of climate change, energy and environment have become the long-term problems that human society faces together. The use of new energy vehicles, especially electric vehicles, to replace traditional fuel vehicles in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in transport, is an important means to combat global climate change. China, as a major energy consuming country in the world and an important force in environmental protection, is actively implementing the electric vehicle science and technology strategy. However, in the face of the high price of electric vehicles, It is very difficult to popularize electric vehicle under the condition of imperfect infrastructure. In this paper, the layout optimization of electric vehicle power station is studied in this context. In this paper, the basic concept of electric vehicle and power station and the related location theory are introduced through the analysis of data, which is the basis of the later article. Through the comparison and analysis of various charging modes of electric vehicle, It is concluded that it is relatively reasonable to build the power station under the "battery lease" mode in the urban area. After that, the commercial operation mode of "battery lease" is analyzed in detail. On the one hand, this mode will be the prerequisite for the extensive popularization of electric vehicles, and it will also provide the basis for the location background and the purpose and principle of the model. In this paper, the influencing factors are divided into subjective factors and objective factors. For the subjective factors based on human factors, this paper mainly concludes them as three factors: convenience, auxiliary support and station construction cost, taking them as indicators, and through the Analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The expert evaluates to determine the weight of the candidate site; then, aiming at maximizing the needs of the covered area, the model is constructed by incorporating the weight of the candidate site into the improved closure location model, and then taking Laoshan District of Qingdao City as an example. The results show that the proposed model can provide a better location scheme and provide a certain decision support for the location of power station in real life.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F426.61;F252

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