本文關(guān)鍵詞： 以房養(yǎng)老 老齡化 社會(huì)保障 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)作為一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家，在經(jīng)濟(jì)沒(méi)有充分發(fā)展、人均收入較低的階段已經(jīng)提前步入了老齡化國(guó)家行列，并且人口老齡化程度將日趨嚴(yán)重。養(yǎng)老已經(jīng)成為了全社會(huì)乃至全世界需要共同解決的一個(gè)難題，，拓展養(yǎng)老途徑，完善現(xiàn)有的養(yǎng)老保障體系變得刻不容緩。以房養(yǎng)老作為在國(guó)外運(yùn)行多年的養(yǎng)老創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品，成為了解決這一問(wèn)題行之有效的途徑。以房養(yǎng)老的引入和推行，對(duì)于緩解我國(guó)的養(yǎng)老壓力具有重要的意義。以房養(yǎng)老作為養(yǎng)老保障體制的有效補(bǔ)充，不僅改善了老年人的生活水平，緩解了個(gè)人、家庭和社會(huì)的養(yǎng)老壓力，同時(shí)也活躍了二手房市場(chǎng)，促進(jìn)了金融機(jī)構(gòu)的業(yè)務(wù)創(chuàng)新。我國(guó)目前雖然客觀(guān)上已經(jīng)具備了推行某些以房養(yǎng)老業(yè)務(wù)的條件，但是，由于人們對(duì)該業(yè)務(wù)的認(rèn)識(shí)度不高、起步較晚、技術(shù)條件有限等原因，以房養(yǎng)老在推行的過(guò)程中依然存在著許多障礙，其中關(guān)鍵的一項(xiàng)就是以房養(yǎng)老的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素的識(shí)別和管理問(wèn)題。 本文嘗試將以房養(yǎng)老業(yè)務(wù)引入我國(guó)養(yǎng)老保障領(lǐng)域，首先分析了以房養(yǎng)老的概念、特征、運(yùn)作方式以及相關(guān)的理論基礎(chǔ)，在對(duì)以房養(yǎng)老有了充分了解的基礎(chǔ)對(duì)其在推行過(guò)程中可能遇到的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素進(jìn)行了分析。需要說(shuō)明的是，影響以房養(yǎng)老順利推行的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素有很多，本文重點(diǎn)分析的是了長(zhǎng)壽風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、房屋價(jià)值波動(dòng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、利率波動(dòng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、道德風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和政策風(fēng)險(xiǎn)這五種主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，并分別通過(guò)構(gòu)建模型和案例分析等方法對(duì)這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素的影響機(jī)理進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明。最后，針對(duì)以房養(yǎng)老所涉及的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素提出了相應(yīng)的管理措施和建議，包括建立以房養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)聯(lián)盟機(jī)制、以房養(yǎng)老資產(chǎn)證券化、建立以房養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)機(jī)制、資產(chǎn)組合以及制定合適的貸款價(jià)值比等。以房養(yǎng)老是一種復(fù)雜的新型金融產(chǎn)品，需要有良好的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境和多方機(jī)構(gòu)的配合，尤其需要我國(guó)政府的政策支持和方向引導(dǎo)。盡管我國(guó)具有其特殊性，但本研究對(duì)于其他想要推行以房養(yǎng)老的發(fā)展中國(guó)家同樣具有參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:As a developing country, China has stepped into the ranks of aging countries in the stage of low per capita income and insufficient economic development. And the aging of the population will become more and more serious. Pension has become a difficult problem that the whole society and the world need to solve together to expand the way for the aged. Improving the existing old-age security system has become urgent. Taking the housing pension as an innovative product that has been running in foreign countries for many years, it has become an effective way to solve this problem, and the introduction and implementation of the housing old-age care system has become an effective way to solve this problem. As an effective supplement to the old-age security system, it not only improves the living standards of the elderly, but also relieves the pressure of the individual, family and society. At the same time, the second-hand housing market has also been active, promoting the business innovation of financial institutions. Because of the low level of understanding of the business, late start, limited technical conditions and other reasons, there are still many obstacles in the implementation of housing pension. One of the key problems is the identification and management of the risk factors. This paper attempts to introduce the housing pension business into the field of old-age security in China. Firstly, this paper analyzes the concept, characteristics, operation mode and related theoretical basis of the housing pension. On the basis of a full understanding of the housing pension in the implementation of the risk factors may be encountered in the analysis. It needs to be explained that there are many risk factors that affect the smooth implementation of housing pension. This paper focuses on the analysis of longevity risk, housing value volatility risk, interest rate volatility risk, moral hazard and policy risk. And through the construction of models and case studies to explain the impact mechanism of these risk factors. Finally, in view of the housing pension risk factors involved in the corresponding management measures and suggestions. Including the establishment of housing pension institutions alliance mechanism, securitization of housing endowment assets, the establishment of housing endowment insurance mechanism. The combination of assets and the development of appropriate loan value ratio. Housing pension is a complex new financial products, need a good market environment and multi-agency cooperation. Although our country has its particularity, this research is also valuable for other developing countries that want to promote the provision of housing for the aged.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F299.23;D669.6

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