本文關(guān)鍵詞：我國城市化進程中耕地保護制度研究　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 城市化 耕地保護 土地利用總體規(guī)劃 基本農(nóng)田

【摘要】：城市化是經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的必然過程,是引起社會變革、促使社會生產(chǎn)和社會生活由農(nóng)村型向城市型轉(zhuǎn)化的巨大動力。城市化的發(fā)展給農(nóng)村地區(qū)帶來的變化是巨大的,它促進了整個農(nóng)村地區(qū)的土地朝著規(guī)�；⒓s化方向發(fā)展,使更多農(nóng)村地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展起來,改善了農(nóng)村地區(qū)貧窮落后的面貌。但也正因為城市化發(fā)展進程中對土地的粗放利用模式導(dǎo)致了農(nóng)村地區(qū)面臨著耕地數(shù)量大量減少、耕地質(zhì)量下降的嚴峻形勢。當前我國面臨著耕地面積減少、人均耕地面積遠遠低于世界平均水平的嚴峻形勢。耕地是我國糧食穩(wěn)定的前提,耕地一旦得不到保護將會直接影響到我國的糧食安全。我國自古以來就是農(nóng)業(yè)大國,人口又是世界之最,我國的糧食安全地位如果受到威脅的話,將會直接影響到我國十三億人口的溫飽問題以及我國在整個國際中的地位。 近年來我國一直不斷的加大力度對耕地進行保護,出臺了一系列的政策法規(guī)來規(guī)范城市化進程中對農(nóng)村耕地的保護和利用。通過這些政策法規(guī)的實施形成了土地用途管制制度、耕地占補平衡制度、基本農(nóng)田保護制度、征地補償制度、土地流轉(zhuǎn)制度等在內(nèi)的耕地保護制度。這些耕地保護制度通過限制建設(shè)用地占用耕地、禁止農(nóng)用地轉(zhuǎn)為非農(nóng)用地、提高耕地的數(shù)量和質(zhì)量、嚴格規(guī)范土地征收行為、鼓勵土地經(jīng)營權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)等手段來控制耕地的減少以及加強耕地的利用率。國家通過這些制度的實施,在耕地保護方面取得了很大的成效：控制了我國耕地面積總體減少速度,守住了我國“十八億畝”耕地保護紅線。但是在這些制度的實施下,我國耕地保護過程中仍然還出現(xiàn)了一些問題。 本文重點介紹了在耕地保護制度下對耕地產(chǎn)生最主要影響的幾方面問題：包括國家制定的土地利用總體規(guī)劃在執(zhí)行中存在偏差,與相關(guān)規(guī)劃無法協(xié)調(diào)銜接導(dǎo)致的耕地不合理利用和破壞；基本農(nóng)田被閑置或用作其他非農(nóng)用途導(dǎo)致了大量的耕地資源被浪費；土地征收過程中一些耕地被違法占用,參與和補償機制的不透明導(dǎo)致政府與群眾間矛盾激化,進一步阻礙了耕地的保護；農(nóng)村土地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)過程中一些地方出現(xiàn)以流轉(zhuǎn)為名,對耕地進行實質(zhì)意義上的“圈地”行為以及出現(xiàn)“非農(nóng)化”的傾向,在追求大規(guī)模土地流轉(zhuǎn)的同時忽視了家庭經(jīng)營的重要性,不利于耕地的保護。這些問題都直接導(dǎo)致了耕地的減少和破壞,使耕地得不到有效的保護。在此,本篇文章通過介紹了城市化與耕地保護問的重要聯(lián)系,借鑒國內(nèi)外城市化進程中對耕地保護采取的措施,通過對耕地保護制度上出現(xiàn)的問題進行的分析并對其進行合理的構(gòu)建。通過對城市化進程中耕地保護制度的研究,進一步加強城市化進程中對耕地的有效保護。
[Abstract]:The city is the inevitable process of economic and social development, is caused by social transformation, great driving force for social production and social life from the countryside to the city. The development of the city changes to rural area is large, it promotes the rural area land toward large-scale, intensive direction. The more the economic development of rural areas, improve the appearance of the poor and backward rural areas. But because of extensive land use patterns in the process of city development in the rural area is faced with a lot of reducing the amount of cultivated land, arable land quality decreased. The current our country faces the reduction of arable land per capita arable land area is far. Under the grim situation of the world average. The cultivated land is the premise of China's grain stable, once cultivated land are not protected will directly affect the food security of China. Since China Since ancient times, it is a large agricultural country, and the population is the most in the world. If China's food security status is threatened, it will directly affect the one billion and three hundred million people's food and clothing problem and the position of our country in the whole world.
In recent years, China has continuously intensified the protection of arable land, issued a series of policies and regulations to regulate the city in the process of rural land protection and utilization. The land use control system through the implementation of these policies and regulations, the balance of arable land system, basic farmland protection system, land expropriation compensation system of cultivated land the protection system, land transfer system. The arable land protection system of cultivated land occupied by limiting construction, prohibited agricultural land into non-agricultural land, improve the quantity and quality of cultivated land, strictly regulate the land expropriation behavior, encourage land management rights transfer and other means to reduce control farmland and enhance the arable land utilization rate. Through the implementation of these systems, has made great achievements in the protection of arable land: the control of China's arable land to reduce overall speed, hold China's "one billion and eight hundred million acres "The red line of cultivated land protection. But under the implementation of these systems, there are still some problems in the process of cultivated land protection in China."
This paper introduces several problems in farmland protection system under the main influence on cultivated land: including the national land use planning there is a deviation in the implementation, coordination and planning can connect to the unreasonable use of land and the destruction of basic farmland; be idle or used for other non-agricultural use leads to a large amount of cultivated land resources be wasted; some cultivated land in the process of land expropriation by the illegal occupation, participation and compensation mechanism of opaque resulted in the intensification of the contradiction between the government and the masses, further hindered the protection of farmland; some parts of rural land use right transfer process in order to transfer the name of farmland is the essence of the "enclosure" and "non agriculture" the tendency, in the pursuit of large-scale land circulation while ignoring the importance of family business, is not conducive to the protection of cultivated land. These The problems are a direct result of reduction and destruction of arable land, the arable land is not effectively protected. In this, this article through the introduction of a major link between city development and farmland protection question, take reference to the protection of cultivated land at home and abroad in the process of city measures by analyzing the emergence of problems on the cultivated land protection system and carries on the reasonable construction. Through the research on the city of cultivated land protection system in the process, to further strengthen the city in the process of farmland protection.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.3;F299.21;F323.211

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